Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
19
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
Pages:
19-23
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article provides information on the fauna and ecology of the Poplar Leaf Beetle (Chrysomela populi) living and
development.
KEYWORDS
Poplar Leaf-eating Beetle (Chrysomela populi) fauna, beetles, leaf-eating, ecology, zoology, vegetation,
development.
INTRODUCTION
Interest in insects dates back to ancient times. Initially,
they were regarded as a source of food, but with the
development of livestock farming and agriculture, they
began to be studied as pests. Over time, it became
clear that among them, there were also beneficial
insects.
As a result, branches of entomology such as sericulture
and beekeeping emerged. However, the scientific
study of insects began in the 17th century. The Italian
scientist I. Malpighi (1628-1694) laid the foundation for
the anatomy and classification of the silkworm, while
the Dutch scientist J. Swammerdam (1637-1680)
contributed to the study of insect anatomy and
Research Article
BIOGEOGRAPHY OF POPULAR LEAF BEETLES (COLEOPTERA:
CHRYSOMELIDAE)
Submission Date:
December 01, 2024,
Accepted Date:
December 06, 2024,
Published Date:
December 11, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue12-04
Matmuratova G.I.
Doctoral student of Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajiniyaz, Uzbekistan
Sultanov B.A.
Assistant teacher of Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajiniyaz, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajahi
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
20
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
Pages:
19-23
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
metamorphosis. In the second half of the 18th century,
the development of entomology in Russia was greatly
influenced by the works of G.I. Fisher-Valdheim (1771-
1853), particularly his “Entomography of the Russian
Empire,” Professor E.K. Brandt (1839
-1891), who wrote
on the nervous system of insects, and F.P. Keppen
(1833-1908), whose three-
volume work “Pest Insects”
was instrumental. Their works, along with those of
A.O. Kovalevsky (1840-1901) and I.I. Mechnikov (1843-
1916), made significant contributions to the field.
During this period, researchers were especially drawn
to the biology and behavior of insects. The works of
French naturalist J.A. Fabre (1823-1915), particularly
“Instinct and Behavior of Insects” and “The Life of
Insects,” are of universal importance in this field.
In the 19th and 20th centuries, practical entomology
fields emerged, primarily agricultural and forestry
entomology. In our country, the Entomology Bureau
was established in 1894, and it was led by the great
scientist and entomologist I.A. Porchinskiy (1848-1916).
Professor H.A. Kholodkovskiy (1858-1921) made
significant contributions to the development of
practical entomology.
I.Ya. Shevirev (1859-1920) studied forestry entomology
and parasitic insects. In the 20th century, the field of
entomology, particularly its branches, developed into
an independent science. From this century onward, the
classification, physiology, and ecology of insects began
to be studied in-depth, and chemical and biological
control measures against pest insects were developed.
Among insects, the order Coleoptera (beetles)
occupies a special place. Beetles, or Coleoptera, have
hardened forewings, called elytra, made of chitin,
which protect the thin, membranous hindwings tucked
underneath. Their mouthparts are adapted for
chewing. Many beetles have glands that release foul-
smelling or toxic substances.
Many species of beetles are considered serious pests
of agricultural crops.
Leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae)
comprise several tens of
thousands of species. The beetle entered Western
Europe at the beginning of the 20th century and from
there spread to Russia. Over time, it also spread to
Central Asia, and today these species are found in the
territories of Uzbekistan.
Chrysomela populi (poplar leaf beetle)
is a very
widespread species. It can be found in areas where
poplar and aspen grow, from April to October. It is
distributed in Europe, the Caucasus, Pakistan, Siberia,
Kazakhstan, Central Asia, the Russian Far East, Ukraine,
Korea, China, and Japan. This leaf beetle can develop
two generations in a single year.
Morphology and Biology
The adult insect has a length of 12 mm. Its div color is
yellowish or light red. The forewings are yellow-brown
or red. This species has the following characteristic
features: The forewings are ribbed, and their corners
have small black spots. The top of the wings is dark red
to yellow-brown, with a dark, claw-like tip at the
junction. The wings are covered with small spots. The
Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
21
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
Pages:
19-23
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
head and shield are metallic black. The eggs are
elongated-oval, yellow to dark red, and about 1.5 mm
in size. One-year-old larvae are light gray-white, with a
dark brown shield, head, and legs. The mature larva is
light gray-white or pale green, with small shiny spots, a
black shield, and dark spots on the back. On the second
and third segments of the div, there are sharp,
pointed protrusions on the sides. The cocoon is free,
short, symmetrically dotted, and light gray-white, with
a sharply pointed end. Its length is 11 mm. The poplar
leaf beetle (Chrysomela populi) emerges from its
wintering place under the bark of trees at the end of
April or early May when the air temperature is between
12-13°C. The beetles feed on the leaves of poplar and
aspen, chewing on young leaves and buds, causing
damage.
Reproduction
The beetles live on the leaves and mate there. The
fertilized female beetle lays 20-60 eggs in a cluster on
the underside of the leaves. Older females, after
emerging from hibernation, can lay between 220 and
500 eggs. The larvae that emerge from the eggs feed
together in clusters. The larvae hatch 10-12 days after
the eggs are laid. The larvae chew through the veins of
the leaves. After 7-8 days, second-instar larvae feed
individually on the leaf tissue, creating holes in the
leaves and leaving behind their exoskeletons. The
larvae feed for 16-20 days before reaching maturity.
The length of the mature larvae is 13 mm. Once the
larvae have finished feeding, they suspend themselves
head-down on the leaf and wrap themselves in a dark
orange cocoon during the first week of June. The pupal
Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
22
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
Pages:
19-23
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
stage lasts 10-14 days. In the second half of June, the
beetles emerge from the cocoon and begin feeding on
poplar bark. During the first week of July, these young
beetles lay eggs in clusters on the undersides of leaves
for the new generation. The embryo develops in the
eggs, and the larvae hatch on the 10th day. The larvae
continue to grow for 20-22 days, reaching maturity by
the first half of August. In the second half of August,
the larvae turn into pupae. By the first week of
September, the young beetles emerge from the
cocoon. If conditions are favorable, a third generation
may develop by the end of October. The young and
older beetles drop to the ground beneath the bark to
enter a resting phase and hibernate.
Melassoma tremulae Fabr - Red-winged Aspen Leaf
Beetle
The adult beetle is 8-10 mm long, with yellow-red
forewings and a black thorax. It is commonly found on
aspen and poplar trees. The beetles chew through the
leaves, creating holes. It is an oligophagous leaf beetle.
The eggs are elongated-oval, yellow to dark yellow,
and about 1.5 mm in size. They are laid in clusters on the
leaves. The young larvae are dark-colored and feed in
groups. They consume the leaf tissue without
damaging the veins. As they mature, the larvae move
individually and can sometimes be found in large
numbers, making them easy to spot. When disturbed,
the larvae release a sharply scented, toxic liquid. In hot
weather, this liquid evaporates quickly. Touching
branches with larvae causes toxic vapors to appear in
the air.
Both of these species are common, dominant pests in
the Zarafshan Reserve, especially in the aspen and
poplar tree associations where these plants grow, and
in the grasslands.
CONCLUSION
As a result of studying and analyzing the collected
material, it was determined that the beetles can be
found on poplar and aspen leaves. The beetles chew
through the leaves, creating holes. They are
oligophagous leaf beetles. The eggs are elongated-
oval, yellow to dark yellow, and about 1.5 mm in size.
They are laid in clusters on the leaves. The young larvae
are dark-colored and feed in groups. Information about
the reproduction, feeding habits, and common
locations of the poplar leaf beetle (Chrysomela populi)
was collected.
REFERENCES
1.
O.Mavlonov «Umirtqasizlar zoologiyasi» (2002)
2.
M.M.Abdulxayeva N.S.Yusupova D.S.Abdulxayeva
«Biologiya» (2012)
3.
O. Mavlonov, K.Saparov, N.Toshmanov Zoologiya
(Umurtqasiz hayvonlar)
4.
Internet
materiyalari
https://uz.wikial.top/wiki/Beetle
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“HASHAROTLAR
EKOLOGIYASI
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Volume 04 Issue 12-2024
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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
12
Pages:
19-23
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
6.
de Jong, Y.S.D.M. (ed.) (2011) Fauna Europaea
version 2.4 (faunaeur.org)
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Wang, Feng-Yan; Zhou, Hong-Zhang (20 November
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