Vol. 4 No. 12 (2024): Volume 04 Issue 12

The article provides information on the fauna and ecology of the Poplar Leaf Beetle (Chrysomela populi) living and development.

Sunflower oil ranks first among selected vegetable oils in terms of quality. Therefore, in many countries of the world, an increase in the level of economic efficiency is observed depending on the area of sowing and the amount of yield obtained from it. This scientific article develops the main elements of the technology of growing oil sunflower as a repeated crop to obtain high yields from early-maturing varieties. Planting sunflower as a repeated crop after wheat and using the correct planting schemes has led to an increase in yield. The number of seeds in one basket and their weight depend on the planting scheme, and when the seed planting scheme is 70x30-1 as a repeated crop, it has been proven that the yield elements - basket, number of seeds, weight and yield increase.

The green lynx spider (Peucetia viridana), a visually hunting, web-free arachnid, plays a significant role as a predator in diverse ecosystems. This study investigates the prey preferences of P. viridana to understand its feeding ecology and potential as a biological control agent. Field observations were conducted in natural habitats, recording predation events and prey species composition. The results revealed that P. viridana preys primarily on insects, with a marked preference for Diptera and Hymenoptera, followed by Lepidoptera and Orthoptera. Prey selection appeared influenced by prey size, abundance, and mobility, with larger, easily captured prey preferred. This predator demonstrated a broad dietary spectrum, indicating opportunistic feeding behavior while showing potential for regulating pest populations. The findings highlight the ecological significance of P. viridana and contribute to understanding its role in maintaining ecosystem balance.

Citrus canker, caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, poses a significant threat to global citrus production due to its detrimental effects on fruit yield and quality. An integrative management approach combining cultivar resistance screening and allelopathic strategies offers a sustainable solution to combat this disease. This study evaluates the resistance of diverse citrus cultivars to citrus canker under controlled and field conditions, identifying promising genotypes with inherent tolerance. Simultaneously, the allelopathic potential of plant-derived extracts and compounds is assessed for their efficacy in suppressing X. citri growth and mitigating disease symptoms. Results demonstrate the synergistic potential of deploying resistant cultivars alongside allelopathic treatments to reduce disease incidence and enhance orchard productivity. This research underscores the importance of integrating genetic and ecological tools for the sustainable management of citrus canker, contributing to resilient citrus production systems.

Sesame cultivation plays a vital role in global agriculture, particularly in regions across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. However, its environmental impact, particularly its carbon footprint, has garnered increasing attention in light of global efforts to combat climate change. This article explores the carbon footprint of sesame cultivation, analyzing key contributors such as land use, soil emissions, chemical inputs, water and energy consumption, and post-harvest processing. Regional variations in practices and their environmental implications are highlighted, showcasing both challenges and opportunities for reducing emissions. The discussion emphasizes sustainable farming practices, technological innovations, and policy interventions as essential strategies for mitigating the environmental impact of sesame production. The article concludes by calling for greater research and collaboration to promote sesame as a low-carbon crop while ensuring its economic viability and environmental sustainability.