American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
10
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue04 2025
PAGE NO.
10-14
10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue04-03
Influence of Sowing Dates and Norms on The Yield of
Camelina Sativa Varieties
Zukhriddinov Mukhriddin Rakhmon ugli
PhD student of department of Plant Science and Oil Crops, Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan
Khayrullaev Sardor Shamsiddin ugli
Doctoral student (DSc) of department of Plant Science and Oil Crops, Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan
Received:
23 February 2025;
Accepted:
20 March 2025;
Published:
22 April 2025
Abstract:
The article below explains the effect of the studied factors on the yield of camelina sativa varieties grown
at different dates (autumn, spring and summer) and norms in the conditions of typical sierozem soils of the
Tashkent province. According to this, when camelina sativa plants were planted at different dates and norms, the
yield increased with increasing norm. It was found that the yield in the autumn and spring periods was higher than
when planted as a repeated crop.
Keywords:
Camelina sativa, sowing dates, sowing norms, yield.
Introduction:
Camelina sativa L. belongs to the
Brassicaceae Burnett family, genus Camelina Crantz.
The pungent oil competes with sesame oil in terms of
nutritional value. The oil is lower than sunflower oil,
and is used in the paint and varnish industry, in soap
making (green soap) when mixed with linseed oil (1:1).
Brooms are tied from the stem. The oil is used for
wounds, burns, eye infections, stomach ulcers, and is
also used as lamp oil [1].
Camelina oil has unique properties. The oil contains
approximately 64 percent polyunsaturated, 30 percent
monounsaturated, and 6 percent saturated fatty acids.
Importantly, camelina sativa oil is very high in alpha-
linolenic acid (ALA), an omega-3 fatty acid, which is
important in human and animal diets and for human
health. [2, 3]. Camelina sativa oil is considered not only
as a food oil but also as a new biofuel source in
developed countries [4].
Camelina sativa meal (feed) is a valuable concentrated
feed. It is rich in nitrogenous substances and fats. 100
kg of meal contains 115 nutrient units and 27 kg of
digestible protein [5].
Compared with other oilseed crops, studies have
shown that spring camelina sativa is more resistant to
cold and drought, and is well adapted to semi-arid
regions [3].
In the study of agroecological studies and productivity
improvement of oilseed crops of the Brassicaceae
family in the Middle Volga region, the highest average
yield of plants over a three-year period was 1.85 c/ha
for the winter camelina sativa variety Kozyr, 1.68 c/ha
for the winter rapeseed variety Rohan, and 1.65 c/ha
for the mustard variety Zlata. The highest oil content in
seeds was 43.3% for the winter rape variety Severyanin
[6]. According to Romansova et al., camelina sativa has
a shorter growing season than spring rape in the same
growing zones; accordingly, it can be grown as a second
crop in areas with a shorter growing season, i.e. in the
northern, high-mountainous regions, or in the southern
regions [7].
METHODS
Our research was conducted in 2022-2023 in the
conditions of typical sierozem soils of the Tashkent
province, and the effect of sowing dates and rates on
the yield of camelina sativa (Camelina sativa L.)
varieties during the growing season was studied. In our
research, sowing rates of camelina sativa in autumn,
spring and summer were tested at 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0
million units/ha.
These field experiments included 20 options, each of
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
11
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559)
which occupied an area of 28 m2, of which 14 m2 was
taken into account. They were carried out in four
iterations.
The research was conducted in field and laboratory
conditions, with field experiment layout, calculations
and observations based on the “Methods of conducting
field experiments”, and plant analys
es based on the
“Methodology of state variety testing of agricultural
crops” [8, 9, 10].
In the experiment, the “Kristall”, “Karat” and “Penzyak”
varieties of camelina sativa (Camelina sativa L.) were
sown in the third decade of October in the fall, in the
first decade of March in the spring, and as a repeated
crop in the third decade of June at a rate of 4.0, 6.0, 8.0
and 10.0 million germinating seeds per hectare, to a
depth of 1.5-2 cm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The technology of growing camelina sativa varieties
affected not only many plant parameters, but also the
formation of the yield.
In the first year of the experiment, the Kristall variety
of camelina sativa planted in the fall yielded 21.1 c/ha
when 4 million seeds were used per hectare. When the
sowing rate was increased to 6 million, the yield was
21.6 c/ha, which is 0.5 c/ha or 2.4% more than the
previous option. When the sowing rate was 8 million
seeds per hectare, the seed yield was 22.3 c/ha, which
is 1.2 c/ha or 5.7% more than the option with 4 million
seeds per hectare. At the highest sowing rate, the yield
was 20.1 c/ha, which is a decrease of 2.2 c/ha or 9.9%
compared to the variant with 8 million seeds per
hectare.
The Karat variety of camelina sativa, when planted in
the fall at the lowest sowing rate, yielded 20.0 c/ha. In
the variants with a sowing rate of 6 million seeds per
hectare, the average yield was 23.3 c/ha. When the
sowing rate was set at 8 million seeds per hectare, the
yield increased to 25.4 c/ha, which is an increase of 5.4
and 2.1 c/ha or 27.0 and 9.0% compared to the
previous sowing rates. When the sowing rate was
increased to 10 million seeds per hectare, the yield was
22.0 c/ha, which was 3.4 c/ha or 13.4% less than the
option with 8 million seeds per hectare.
The Penzyak variety, when planted at the lowest
sowing rate during the same period, yielded 22.5 c/ha.
In the variants with a sowing rate of 6 million seeds per
hectare, the average yield was 25.1 c/ha. When the
sowing rate was set to 8 million seeds per hectare, the
yield increased to 26.3 c/ha, which was 3.8 and 1.2 c/ha
or 16.9 and 4.8% more than the previous sowing rates.
When the sowing rate was increased to 10 million
seeds per hectare, the yield was 22.9 c/ha, which was a
decrease of 3.4 c/ha or 12.9% compared to the option
with 8 million seeds per hectare.
The yield of the Camelina sativa variety Kristall was 21.3
c/ha when the sowing rate was 4 million seeds per
hectare in the spring period. When the sowing rate was
increased to 2 million seeds, the average yield was 22.2
c/ha, which was an increase of 0.9 c/ha or 4.1%
compared to the previous option. It was found that
when the sowing rate was 8 million seeds per hectare,
the yield was 21.8 c/ha, and at the highest sowing rate,
this indicator was 21.7 c/ha.
The yield of the Camelina sativa variety Kristall was 7.5
c/ha when the sowing rate was 4 million seeds per
hectare as a repeated crop. When the sowing rate was
set at 6 million units per hectare, the yield was 8.9 c/ha,
which was 1.4 c/ha or 18.7% higher than the sowing
rate of 4 million units/ha. When the sowing rate was
increased to 2 million units, the yield was 8.4 c/ha, and
when the sowing rate was increased to another two
million units, it was 8.0 c/ha.
In the experiments of 2023, the Kristall variety of
camelina sativagrass sown in the fall yielded 19.8 c/ha
when 4 million seeds were used per hectare. When the
sowing rate was increased to 2 million, the yield was
21.5 c/ha. When the sowing rate was 8 million units per
hectare, the yield was 22.1 c/ha of seed yield, which
was an increase of 2.3 and 0.6 c/ha or 11.6 and 2.8%
over the previous options. The yield at the highest
seeding rate was 20.9 c/ha, which is a decrease of 1.2
c/ha or 5.7% compared to the variant with 8 million
seeds per hectare.
The Karat variety of camelina sativa, when planted at
the lowest seeding rate in the autumn period, yielded
20.5 c/ha. The average yield at the variant with a
seeding rate of 6 million seeds per hectare was 23.6
c/ha. When the seeding rate was set at 8 million seeds
per hectare, the yield increased to 24.6 c/ha, which is
an increase of 4.1 and 1.0 c/ha or 20.0 and 4.2%
compared to the previous seeding rate. When the
sowing rate was increased to 10 million seeds per
hectare, the yield was 23.0 c/ha, which was 1.6 c/ha or
7.0% less than the variant with 8 million seeds per
hectare.
The Penzyak variety, when planted at the minimum
sowing rate during the same period, yielded 20.3 c/ha.
In the variants with a sowing rate of 6 million seeds per
hectare, the average yield was 25.3 c/ha. When the
sowing rate was set to 8 million seeds per hectare, the
yield increased to 26.2 c/ha, which was 5.9 and 0.9 c/ha
or 29.1 and 3.6% more than the previous sowing rates.
When the sowing rate was increased to 10 million
seeds per hectare, the yield was 22.9 c/ha, which was
3.3 c/ha or 14.4% less than the option with 8 million
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
12
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559)
seeds per hectare.
The yield of the Camelina sativa variety Kristall was 20.4
c/ha when the sowing rate was 4 million seeds per
hectare in the spring. When the sowing rate was
increased to 2 million seeds, the average yield was 23.4
c/ha, which was 3 c/ha or 14.7% more than the
previous option.
Table 1
Influence of sowing dates and norms on the yield of camelina sativa varieties
No
Options
Years
Varieties
Sowing norm
mln. piece/ha
2022
2023
2024
Avarage
Autumn period
1
Kristall
4
21.1
19.8
19.3
20.1
2
6
21.6
21.5
21.1
21.4
3
8
22.3
22.1
21.7
22.0
4
10
20.1
20.9
19.7
20.2
5
Karat
4
20.0
20.5
20.1
20.2
6
6
23.3
23.6
23.5
23.5
7
8
25.4
24.6
24.0
24.7
8
10
22.0
23.0
22.7
22.6
9
Penzyak
4
22.5
20.3
20.5
21.1
10
6
25.1
25.3
24.3
24.9
11
8
26.3
26.2
25.2
25.9
12
10
22.9
22.9
21.8
22.5
MLD
05
, c/ha,
%
0.91
4.01
0.93
4.13
0.71
3.24
-
Factor A-varieties, c/ha
%
0.18
0.79
0.18
0.81
0.14
0.64
-
Factor B-sowing norms, c/ha
%
0.24
1.05
0.24
1.09
0.19
0.85
-
Spring period
13
Kristall
4
21.3
20.4
18.9
20.2
14
6
22.2
23.4
21.4
22.3
15
8
21.8
22.6
20.7
21.7
16
10
21.7
21.4
20.3
21.1
MLD
05
, c/ha,
%
0.81
3.75
0.43
1.98
0.39
1.93
-
Summer period (as secondary crop)
17
Kristall
4
7.5
7.1
7.7
7.4
18
6
8.9
8.8
9.4
9.1
19
8
8.4
8.2
8.8
8.5
20
10
8.0
8.0
8.4
8.1
MLD
05
, c/ha,
%
0.26
3.15
0.29
3.65
0.33
3.47
-
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
13
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559)
It was found that when the sowing rate was 8 million
seeds per hectare, the yield was 22.6, and at the
highest sowing rate, this indicator was 21.4 c / ha.
When the camelina sativa variety Crystal was sown as a
repeated crop at 4 million seeds per hectare, the yield
was 7.1 c / ha. When the sowing rate was set at 6
million seeds per hectare, the yield was 8.8 c / ha,
which was 1.7 c / ha or 23.9% higher than the sowing
rate of 4 million seeds / ha. When the sowing rate was
increased to another 2 million seeds, the yield was 8.2
c / ha, and when the sowing rate was increased to
another 2 million seeds, the yield was 8.0 c / ha.
In the last year of the experiment, the camelina sativa
variety Crystal, sown in the fall, yielded 19.3 c / ha at 4
million seeds per hectare. When the sowing rate was
increased to 2 million, the yield was 21.1 c/ha. When
the sowing rate was 8 million units per hectare, the
yield was 21.7 c/ha of seed yield, which was an increase
of 2.4 and 0.6 c/ha or 12.4 and 2.8% compared to the
previous variants. At the highest sowing rate, the yield
was 19.7 c/ha, which was a decrease of 2 c/ha or 10.2%
compared to the variant with 8 million units of seeds
planted per hectare.
The Karat variety of camelina sativa, when planted at
the lowest sowing rate in the autumn period, yielded
20.1 c/ha. In the variants with a sowing rate of 6 million
units/ha, the average yield was 23.5 c/ha. When the
sowing rate was set at 8 million seeds/ha, the yield
increased to 24.0 c/ha, which was an increase of 3.9
and 0.5 c/ha, or 19.4 and 2.1%, compared to the
previous sowing rates. When the sowing rate was
increased to 10 million seeds/ha, the yield was 22.7
c/ha, which was a decrease of 1.3 c/ha or 5.7%
compared to the option with 8 million seeds/ha.
The Penzyak variety, planted at the lowest sowing rate
during this period, yielded 20.5 c/ha. In the options
with a sowing rate of 6 million seeds/ha, the average
yield was 24.3 c/ha. When the planting rate was set at
8 million units/ha, the yield increased to 25.2 c/ha,
which was an increase of 4.7 and 0.9 c/ha, or 22.9 and
3.6%, compared to the previous planting rate. When
the planting rate was increased to 10 million units/ha,
the yield was 21.8 c/ha, which was a decrease of 3.4
c/ha, or 15.6%, compared to the option with 8 million
units/ha.
The Kristall variety of camelina sativagrass had a spring
planting rate of 4 million units/ha, with a yield of 18.9
c/ha. When the planting rate was increased to 2 million
units, the average yield was 21.4 c/ha, which was an
increase of 2.5 c/ha, or 11.7%, compared to the
previous option. It was found that when the sowing
rate was 8 million seeds per hectare, the yield was 20.7
c/ha, and at the highest sowing rate, this indicator was
20.3 c/ha.
When the Camelina sativa variety Crystal was sown as
a repeated crop at 4 million seeds per hectare, the yield
was 7.7 c/ha. When the sowing rate was set at 6 million
seeds per hectare, the yield was 9.4 c/ha, which was 1.7
c/ha or 22.1% higher than the sowing rate of 4 million
seeds per hectare. When the sowing rate was increased
to 2 million seeds, the yield was 8.8 c/ha, and when the
sowing rate was increased to another two million, it
was 8.4 c/ha.
CONCLUSION
The effect of sowing dates and standards on the seed
yield of camelina sativa varieties was determined, and
it was observed that the yield of the Kristall variety
sown in the autumn period increased by 0.6-1.9 c/ha,
the Karat variety by 1.2-4.5 c/ha, and the Penzyak
variety by 1.0-4.8 c/ha compared to the other sowing
standards. It was found that the optimal sowing rate
increased the yield of the Kristall variety by 2.7-8.6%,
the Karat variety by 4.9-18.2%, and the Penzyak variety
by 3.9-18.5%. When planted in the spring period, the
yield of the Kristall variety increased by 0.6-2.1 c/ha, or
2.7-9.4%, and when planted as a repeated crop by 0.6-
1.7 c/ha, or 6.6-18.7%.
REFERENCES
Atabayeva X.N., Yuldasheva Z.N. Moyli ekinlar
biologiyasining
ilmiy
asoslari
va
еtishtirishda
innovatsion texnologi
yalar. Darslik. T.: “Navro‘z”
nashriyoti, 2019.
–
108-109 b.
Mcvay, K. A., & Lamb, P. F. Camelina Production in
Montana. Montana State University Extension
‘MontGuide’. Revised March 2008 1000
-308SA. 1-8 p.
Augustine K Obour, Henry Y Sintim, Eric Obeng, Valtcho
D Jeliazkov. Oilseed Camelina (Camelina sativa L
Crantz): Production Systems, Prospects and Challenges
in the USA Great Plains// Advances in Plants &
Agriculture Research. Volume 2 Issue 2
–
2015. 1-10 p.
Bernardo, A., Howard-
Hildige, R., O’Connell, A., Nichol,
R., Ryan, J., Rice, B., Roche, E., Leahy, J.J. (2003).
Camelina oil as a fuel for diesel transport engines.
Industrial Crops and Products, 17(3), 191
–
197.
doi:10.1016/S0926-6690(02)00098-5
Прахова Т. Я., Прахов В. А. Масличные културы
семейства Брассиcаcеае в условиях Среднего
Поволжя. Монография. Пенза: РИО ПГАУ, 2018. 220
с
А.П.Крылов. Агроекологическое изучение и приемы
повышения продуктивности масличных култур
семейства Brassicaceae v условиях среднего
поволжя// АВТОРЕФЕРАТ. 22 c.
Романсова С.В., Нагорнов С.А., Гаврилова В.А.,
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
14
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559)
Конкова Н.Г. Исползование масла рыжика для
производства биодизелного топлива // Наука в
сентралной России. 2014. № 4. С. 34–
40.
Dala tajribalarini o‘tkazish uslublari –
Toshkent. 2007.
180 b.
Доспехов, Б.А. Методика полевого опыта / Б.А.
Доспехов. М.: Агропромиздат, 1985. –
351 с
Методика
государственного
сортоиспытания
сельскохозяйственных
культур.
Зерновые,
зернобобовые, масличные и кормовые культуры. –
М.: Колос, 1971. –
240 с.
