Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
32
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
32-40
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
In this article, as a result of a logical analysis of the interior decoration of the dome of the Taj Mahal Hotel, our scientific
hypothesis that this astronomical image, the image of the universe is a simple model of the universe composed of 9
layers, and that the universe is a system of galaxies located on the intersecting lines of the grid, i.e. a metagalaxy, is
determined to be composed of internal and general gravitational attraction. stated.
KEYWORDS
Beauty, flower, branch, lattice, universe, lily, astronomical, constellation, symbol, galaxy, tent, metagalactic, pattern,
history, logic, nine-tiered sky, geometric, architecture, spiral, composition, red color symmetry.
INTRODUCTION
In history, it was customary to represent certain
material monuments with a certain symbol, because
the attitude of man to the sky was reflected in the parts
of architectural monuments and their decorations.
(Fig. 1).
For example, the second building in the Tajmahal
complex, the hotel, is located to the east of the
mausoleum. (Photos 2,3.) Very close to the mosque, it
is distinguished by small details. There are no mehrabs
and minbars in the hotel, the floor is made of simple
red sandstone slabs. The hotel has the same swimming
pool, although it is only decorative. The interior is a
large room without walls. The hotel is very well
preserved [1].
The main results and findings
Research Article
SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION OF THE SYSTEM OF GALLACTICS IN
ASTRONOMICAL DECORATION
Submission Date:
May 13, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 18, 2023,
Published Date:
May 23, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajast/Volume03Issue05-08
Saidakhbor S. Bulatov
Professor, Doctor Of Pedagogical Sciences, Tashkent State Pedagogical University Named After Nizomi,
Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Madina Saipova
Doctoral Student, Doctor Of Philosophy In Architectural Sciences Tashkent Institute Of Architecture And
Construction, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajast
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
33
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
32-40
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The hotel was originally used as a rest house for guests
on the occasion of Mumtaz Mahal's death. It also
serves as a gathering place for those who come to pray
at the mosque or directly at the grave of the deceased.
As for the dimensions, the two buildings are each 60 m
long and 30 m wide, with a length to width ratio of one-
third. For those who are still wondering, please know
that the guest house will not be converted into a
mosque because the building faces east and mosques
in India should face west. But since the builders wanted
perfect symmetry, they had to choose only one real
mosque [2].
Figure 1. Interior view of Shokh's mausoleum in India. The blue color under the dome represents the constellation
of stars in the decorations.
In addition to the beautiful design of the hotels, their
patterns have a unique symbolic meaning. You will
admire how beautiful they are and how they are
perfectly composed and follow the rules of
composition to a high degree. When you look at the
interior of the domes, you will be amazed to see the
beauty of the world above you and the fact that life has
been created by the perfect Allah based on strict laws
and rules. Let's analyze one of these astronomical
decorations. Let's take a look at the decoration of the
bathroom inside the hotel. A person taking a bath in
the hotel bathroom with candle lights will see
countless stars shining in the dark universe on the
ceiling of the bathroom. The inner dome of the
hammam depicts the cosmos and the world of stars in
it. It feels like a person bathing in a vast starry night.
Masters used small pieces of mirrors to decorate the
interior of the dome of the house. These fixed mirrors
are designed based on astronomy. The constellation of
stars is reflected in the different locations. It gives a
special look in the room. The inner dome of the
bathroom in the hotel depicts the cosmos and the
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
34
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
32-40
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
world of stars in it. In this astronomical image, a person
exudes high spirits and pleasure (Fig. 4).
Fig. 2. Back view of Tajmahal
The inner dome of the bathroom in the hotel depicts the cosmos and the world of stars in it. In this astronomical
image, a person takes a high exaltation.
Figure 3. General view of the hotel
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
35
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
32-40
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Figure 4. A view of the interior of the bathhouse in the Tajmahal complex.
Another view of the interior decoration of the dome of
the hotel in the Taj Mahal complex, we can see the
astronomical decorations on top of each dome.
(Pictures 5, 6.) Decorations in each room leave a
different impression. This shows that the masters of
that time had a good knowledge of the universe and its
structural models. For example, Muhammad Sharif
from Samarkand, painters and calligraphers from
Bukhara, Father Muhammad and Shukur participated
in the construction and decoration of the Tajmahal. It
is evident that they have a high level of knowledge of
astronomical ornaments. Our painters, together with
astronomers, knew well the types of models of the
structure of the universe. (The word "model" in French
is modele? In Latin, it is modulus, which means
measure, norm. A model means a copy of something as
it is or reduced and enlarged. In the science of
astronomy, throughout history, many models of the
universe have been created. They are of their time. It
has been perfected, emdiving the achievements of
development) [3].
Figure 5. The structure of the interior decoration of the dome of the Taj Mahal Hotel
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
36
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
32-40
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Fig. 6. Interior decoration of the dome of the Taj Mahal Hotel
They are simple models of the world: First - a vertical
model of the world, Second - a circular model of the
world, Third - visible and invisible partial models of the
world [3]. While decorating and building the Tajmahal,
masters drew and carved an astronomical composition
under the dome, i.e. a model of the whole universe,
using the three-dimensional model. In the composition
above, you can see that the universe is represented
using three simple model types. (Figure 7)
Alisher Navoi describes his philosophical and
astronomical thoughts about the structure of the
universe in his works about simple models of the
universe.
Alisher Navoi made extensive use of astronomical
data in the forty-eighth chapter and fourteenth article
of his "Khayrat ul-Abrar" saga about the eternal model
of the universe, and the article begins with the
following words:
...The appearance of the spherical sky (universe) is
described as follows:
Figure 7. On the dome, on the basis of the lily flower, the simple models of the world are reflected.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
37
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
32-40
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
I- First of all - the model of the universe. II - The second
is the model of the universe. III - The third one is the
visible and invisible model of the universe.
Mixu You will sew without a column,
At the end of the day, the roof of the tent.
Content: He builds (sets up) a tent without nails,
without poles. This stanza talks about the sky directly
visible to the eye, and in it the sphere of the sky directly
touches the circle of the horizon, forming a whole
scene. Alisher Nvoi imagined the tent as a form of the
celestial sphere in everyday life. In this, the sphere of
the sky is compared to the dome of the tabernacle, and
the rim of the horizon to the circular base of this
tabernacle. In fact, kapa, made of tent fabric, is a
common herb in Central Asia [3]. Let's consider one of
them as an astronomical analysis. As we study the
decoration under the dome shown in the picture. On
the dome, the simple models of the world are reflected
on the basis of the lily [5]. I is a model of the universe.
II - Charxpalak model of the world. III - Models of visible
and invisible parts of the universe are described in
harmony
Alisher Navoi's philosophical thoughts about the
simple model types of the given world in the work
"Khayrat ul-Abror" are very suitable for the
compositional analysis of the decorations under the
dome. We found that 18,000 universes (metagalaxy)
are visible in the work. Let's analyze them one by one
based on the numbers: 1. The white circle in the center
represents Arshi al-Ala. It is the "prime mover". 2.
Charkhpalak means eternal movement, movement of
the world, and the one who sees and knows all things.
3. The white people on its edge are a symbol of
paradise. There are borders and galaxies that separate
heaven and earth. 5. Galaxies. A system of galaxies is a
metagalaxy. Each of them is located at the points
where the universe intersects the grid and means that
it rotates around its own axis. 6. Gravity (gravitational
force). Each galaxy obeys its own gravity and moves in
a spiral. 7. It means that the universe is gravitationally
arranged in a grid pattern and that the universe is
infinite.
8. Gravitational structure in a lattice arrangement.
Points 8.1 to 8.8 are the 8 sides of the world and
indicate that the two worlds are harmonious and
eternal. 9. Invisible webs between galaxies. 10.
Gravitational rotation of the universe.
It means that the universe is eternal. (Fig. 9.)
Inside the dome of the hotel in the Tajmahal complex
is a model of the eighteen thousand worlds in the
astronomical image. The map of the whole universe
shows the nine layers of heaven and its rotation around
its axis. 1-Arsh. 2- Paradise. 3,4,5,6,7-Seven layers of
heaven. A total of nine layers of the universe were
expressed by artists through exotic symbols (Fig. 10).
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
38
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
32-40
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Figure 9. Astronomical analysis of the interior decoration of the dome of the Taj Mahal Hotel. A simple model type
of the universe is described.
Academician Alibek Rustamov says in the book "Soz
khusida soz" that "eighteen thousand worlds" are
popular and used for prayer [6]. Below we present our
opinions about this famous phrase [7]. As it is known,
in the process of thinking, according to the state of the
pair, a pair of mortal and eternal (hereafter) worlds is
perceived. In this sense, the pair of the nine layers of
the world is the nine layers of the invisible world.
Together, they make up eighteen universes ("eighteen
thousand universes" in the Middle Ages and modern
"metagalaxy" meant the same thing. That is, the limit
of the universe that can be imagined in human
thinking) [7]. This means "many worlds". In the past,
our ancestors, especially the Ajams, used the word
"thousand" to express the meaning of the words
"many", "very many". Here it means that the whole
existence, the universe is going on [8].
Nine layers of heaven. In the wisdom of Haja Ahmad
Yassavi, information about the seven-fold sky and the
nine-fold sky are also mentioned:
Lovers who know about love,
God says nine heavens are burning,
His faithful ones who are on the throne,
Angels feed dear soul [8].
Or:
Hold fast to your command and fly faster,
Let the nine heavens flee together in fear,
In the grave, the old woman is getting stronger.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
39
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
32-40
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
You will not laugh in the hereafter while crying here [8]
It is known that the concept of nine layers of heaven is
widely known in the history of astronomy [7].
It is worth noting that the word "wheel" in the
dictionary means wheel, rotation, but in a figurative
sense, it embodies wide meanings such as sky, blue,
sky. For example, the word "falak" means a well wheel
in Arabic, and the word "asman" means "sky mill" in
Persian. In Navoi's works, one meaning - the rotation
of the sky around the Earth (geocentric system) is
emphasized on the basis of words and phrases such as
charkh, falak, asmon, charkhi gardon, siperi davvor
[10].
Atxam Urolov says that we can see how the sky rotates
with chrxpalak, the oneness of the god of the eighteen
thousand worlds, "there is no goddess above him",
that he does not end and does not die, i.e. (meaning
that he will not disappear from existence)[11].
Figure 10. A model of the structure of eighteen thousand universes in the astronomical image inside the dome of
the hotel in the Tajmahal complex
The map of the whole universe shows the nine layers
of heaven and its rotation around its axis. 1-Arsh. 2-
Paradise. 3,4,5,6,7-Seven layers of heaven. A total of
nine floors
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
40
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
32-40
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
In conclusion, based on the logical analysis of the
interior decoration of the dome of the Taj Mahal Hotel
in India, it became known to us that this astronomical
image is a simple model of the universe composed of 9
layers, and the universe is a system of galaxies located
on grid lines, intersecting lines, i.e. metagalaxy, which
are internal and general gravitational attraction. it was
determined that it was indicated that it consisted of
force.
REFERENCES
1.
Asher, Catherine B. Architecture of Mughal
India New Cambridge History of India I.4,
Cambridge University Press 1992.
2.
Svetlana Olegovna Ermakova, Taj Mahal and
treasures
of
India
-
World
Heritage
Monuments, "Veche", 2006, 222 p.
3.
Azizov S. Secrets of disaster in the works of
Alisher Navoi. -T.: "Uzbekistan" NMIU, 2018.
p.136-p.
4.
Alisher Navoi. "Khayrat ul-Abrar". Publishing
House of Literature and Art named after Gafur
Ghulam, 1989. Page 44.
5.
Bulatov S.S., Saipova M.S., Khalilova F.
Encyclopedia of national emblems and
symbols. T.: "Educational Publishing House"
2018, 352 p.
6.
"Ghiyas-ul-lughot", volume 2. Monday. 1968.
Page 384.
7.
Azizov S. Astronomy and Ulugbek School in
Central Asia. - T.: "Uzbekistan" NMIU, 2009.
Page 37.
8.
Azizov S. Jabbarov N. Interpretation of
astronomical terms in the wisdom of Ahmed
Yassavi // Lessons of Imam al-Bukhari. Number
1. 2001. pp. 92-94.
9.
Azizov S. Astronomy and Ulugbek School in
Central Asia. - T.: "Uzbekistan" NMIU, 2009.
Page 33.
10.
Azizov S. Secrets of disaster in the works of
Alisher Navoi. - T.: "Uzbekistan" NMIU, 2018. p.
52.
11.
Uralov A. Harmonization and decoration of
architectural forms. Textbook. amarkand:
SamDMQI. 2003.
–
p. 31.
