Volume 03 Issue 02-2023
14
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
14-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article discusses the influence of lubricating properties of motor oils on the operation of engine parts. The quality
of engine oils, especially lubricating indicators significantly affect the reliability of the engine, fuel consumption and
other parameters. Therefore, high-quality selection and application of motor oils is very important.
KEYWORDS
Engine oils, lubricating properties, friction, engine, wear, friction modifiers.
INTRODUCTION
The lubricating properties of oil are understood as its
ability to prevent the wear of friction surfaces, the
formation of a strong film on the rubbing surfaces,
excluding direct contact of parts. The lubricating
properties of the oil depend on its viscosity, viscosity-
temperature characteristics, lubricity and purity of the
oil. With an increase in the oil temperature, its
adsorption layer weakens, and at a temperature of 150-
Research Article
INFLUENCE OF LUBRICATING PROPERTIES OF MOTOR OILS ON THE
RESOURCE OF THE ENGINE
Submission Date:
February 05, 2023,
Accepted Date:
February 10, 2023,
Published Date:
February 15, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajast/Volume03Issue02-02
Alimova Zebo Hamidullayevna
Candidate Of Technical Sciences, Professor, Tashkent State Transport University, Uzbekistan
Ibrahimov Karimjon Ismailovich
Candidate Of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Tashkent State Transport University, Uzbekistan
Usmonov Zafar Tursunovich
Senior Lecturer, Tashkent State Transport University, Uzbekistan
Ibrahimov Karimjon Ismailovich
Candidate of Technical Sciences, associate Professor, Tashkent State Transport University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajast
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 02-2023
15
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
14-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
200°C, the strength of the oil film reaches the edge of
dry friction and collapses.
The efficiency of the internal combustion engine
ranges from 25 to 30%. An increase in efficiency by 1%
leads to an increase in engine power by about 4%, since
25% efficiency corresponds to 100% engine power.
Experts have calculated that friction and leaks account
for 25-50% of all mechanical losses in the car engine,
and losses in the piston ring-cylinder wall friction pair
account for 9-15% of engine power. Another possibility
to reduce friction is the use of improved lubricants.
A good lubricating property of engine oil is its ability to
prevent wear, scuffing and welding by polishing the
rubbing surface of the metal with the reaction
products of the lubricant, which are formed during
chemical interaction with the metal. Oils with high anti-
wear properties to prevent wear are able to form a
friction mode that excludes direct contact of the
rubbing surfaces of metals.
Especially in this case, a combination of wedging and
polishing action is effective, since the friction force
between the rubbing surfaces depends on their
roughness. The smoother the friction surface, the less
mechanical and more molecular friction, and vice
versa. On the other hand, oil is retained better on a
finely rough surface.
The lubricity or oil is judged by its chemical
composition, viscosity and the presence of additives.
The oiliness of oils is influenced by resinous substances,
high-molecular acids and sulfurous compounds, which
can be contained in oils and have high surface-active
properties. Poorly soluble surfactants of this type form
multilayer protective films in the friction nodes with
the introduction of alloying metals into the friction
zone.
During normal lubrication, polar groups of oil
molecules form adsorbed films on the friction surfaces.
In boundary lubrication, the friction force and wear
depend on the resistance of these films and the
strength of the interaction of oil molecules with the
metal surface, i.e. on the stickiness of the oil.
The thickness and strength of the oil boundary layer
during friction of the working surfaces of engine parts
depends on the chemical composition of the oil and its
additives.
The operability of the boundary layer of oil depends on
its viscosity and is determined by the interaction of the
molecular film of oil with the rubbing surface of the
metal. The resulting molecular oil films of physical
origin are called adsorption, and films of chemical
origin are called chemisorptions.
Lubricants containing surfactants have the ability to
absorb on the interface surfaces of two media: liquid
and solid. The ability of lubricants containing
surfactants to form sufficiently strong layers of
oriented molecules on lubricated surfaces is called
oiliness or lubricating ability of oils. When the
lubricating layer completely separates the working
surfaces that move relative to each other, and this
layer has a thickness at which normal volumetric
properties of the oil appear, then such friction is called
liquid. The coefficient of liquid friction is in the range of
0.003 0.03, which is 50 100 times less than with
friction without lubrication. The friction force of this
type of lubricant depends only on the inner layers in
the lubricant. The wetting ability of surfactants can be
manifested due to the formation of strong hydrogen
bonds of surfactants with water and the displacement
of water from the metal surface.
The formation of the boundary layer of the lubricant is
associated with the physical process of adsorption of
Volume 03 Issue 02-2023
16
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
14-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
the adhesion of the polar-active elements of the
lubricant with metal, resulting in the formation of new
substances that differ in mechanical properties from
the material.
The adsorption boundary layer produces a "wedging"
effect, i.e. it contributes to the separation of the
rubbing parts so much that they cease to directly touch
each other. Schematically, the process of formation of
boundary films can be represented as follows: a polar
active oil molecule is attracted to the metal surface,
forming a monomolecular film (Fig.1). A similar
phenomenon occurs on another surface.
Fig. 1. Scheme of film formation under boundary friction
Friction modifiers regulate the coefficient of friction of
the lubricated surfaces. To reduce the coefficient of
friction, such compounds are used, in the molecules of
which there is a strong polar group that provides good
adhesion, and a long linear chain that provides good
sliding
To increase friction, compounds are used in the
molecules of which there is a strong polar group that
provides good adhesion, and a short linear part that
provides good adhesion.
Currently, substances containing sulfur, chlorine,
phosphorus in one combination or another are used as
lubricating additives - all of them are capable of giving
compounds with metals with more favorable
antifriction properties. These additives increase
stickiness and improve lubricity.
Multi component polishing additives containing sulfur,
chlorine, and phosphorus in pairs or together are the
most effective, since in this case there is a functional
differentiation and mutual complementation of the
positive properties of individual elements.
Thus, the lubricating properties of the adsorbed layer
are associated with its strength and the wedging
action of molecules during relative sliding of surfaces.
The wedging effect is associated with the polarity of
the molecules, and the polarity, in turn, is determined
by the structure of the molecule, as well as the number
of hydroxyl, carboxyl or other functional groups
containing oxygen, sulfur, chlorine, nitrogen, etc.
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Volume 03 Issue 02-2023
17
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
14-17
SJIF
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MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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