Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
53
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
53-60
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The preparation and study of the properties of solvents is a large branch of petrochemistry and influences on the
development of many branches of the national economy. Considering the regional lack of production and in order to
meet the demand for solvents, in this paper we consider the issues of developing a technology for obtaining and
studying the properties of solvents based on hydrocarbons of gas condensate (GC), in particular, GC of the Shurtan
field.
KEYWORDS
Gas condensate, natural gas, solvent, aromatic hydrocarbons, rectification column, paint-and-lacquer materials,
unitary subsidiary company.
Research Article
SYSTEM SOLVENTS BASED ON GAS CONDENSATE
Submission Date:
November 05, 2022,
Accepted Date:
November 15, 2022,
Published Date:
November 25, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajast/Volume02Issue11-10
D.S.Boboev
Tashkent Chemical Technological Institute, Uzbekistan
F.Kh. Jakhonov
Tashkent Chemical Technological Institute, Uzbekistan
A.K. Isakova
Tashkent Chemical Technological Institute, Uzbekistan
T.B. Turaev
Tashkent Chemical Technological Institute, Uzbekistan
N.B. Abdullaev
Tashkent Chemical Technological Institute, Uzbekistan
A.U. Tukhtamushova
Tashkent Chemical Technological Institute, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajast
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
54
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
53-60
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
INTRODUCTION
The paper presents the results of researching the compositions and studying the properties of selective composite
solvents for the extraction of oils of modified alkyd tars, varnishes and paints, as well as the development of a
technology for their production based on low-sulfur, highly aromatized gas condensate (GC) and components
obtained at domestic chemical enterprises [1,2].
The object of study is gas condensate (GC) of the Shurtan field - a clarified mixture of natural hydrocarbons
accompanying natural gas (steam-gas solution).
Research methods - all studies were carried out in accordance with GOST. Modern physico-chemical, chemical,
statistical and technological research methods (IR spectroscopy, gas-liquid chromatography, etc.) were used in the
experiments.
Results and their discussions. Composite solvents consist of the main carriers of systemic solvents, functionally active
fillers, stabilizing additives and other ingredients. Hydrocarbon solvents are a mixture of their various varieties
(aliphatic, naphthenic and aromatic). These solvents are widely used in the production of paint-and-lacquer materials
(hereinafter referred to as PLM) in mechanical engineering (for flaw detection of parts and applying sealants to them),
in chemical materials science (when washing and cleaning substances and products), in petrochemistry (for liquefying,
clarifying and separating oil products), in the food industry, etc. [3]. Hydrocarbon solvents are obtained from light
petroleum products by the method of distillation fractionation with selective selection of their required fractions with
certain physical and chemical properties that meet the indicators of the relevant technical conditions.
Hydrocarbon solvents are of great importance in organic chemistry and chemical technology, in particular, in the
production of individual materials and products as a component or medium, and also as means of their purification.
The production and use of paint-and-lacquer materials is almost impossible to imagine without solvents, since
hydrocarbon solvents play an important role as a reaction medium and as a component [4]. Sometimes for paint-and-
lacquer materials hydrocarbon solvents are used as a diluent. In some cases, hydrocarbon solvents can act as both a
solvent and a diluent.
Hydrocarbon solvents do not have reactive functional groups [5], but despite this, they have the property of affinity
soluble mixtures and the manifestation of chemical intermolecular interactions, such as, for example, as a donor of an
atom of one carbon molecule to an acceptor of hydrogen of another molecule. Moreover, such a chemical relationship
is very weak, like hydrogen bonds.
Such a bound state of the solution leads to inclusion, mutually activating until the formation of their true
solutions due to the uniform distribution of the solvent in the solute. Usually, such mixtures are formed due
to the “related” nature of the process of dissolution in “related” hydrocarbons. Here, the solvents are low
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
55
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
53-60
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
molecular weight hydrocarbons (M1), and the solutes are high molecular weight hydrocarbons (M2). More
true solutions in such cases can be at M1 >> M2.
PLM are often oligomers of functional monomers. For example, drying oil-oxypolymerized oils combine well
with hydrocarbon solvents. Such solutions of PLM form peptide bonds due to their chemical compatibility
with solvents due to polypeptization of functional groups of triglycerides of hydrocarbon atoms with
hydrocarbon solvents. They weaken intermolecular peptide bonds. In order to ensure effective dissolution
(or dilution) of paint-and-lacquer materials, it is necessary to increase certain colloid-chemical properties of
their solutions that meet the requirements of indicators of technical conditions for commercial products
(varnishes, paints and other compositions) with the required final consistency.
At present, two types of PLM are produced at the Ferghana Oil Refinery: NEFRAS -S-4 (of the white spirit
type), used in paints and varnishes, and NEFRAS -S-3 (of the BR-1 solvent gasoline type), used in the
extraction of cottonseed oil from the respective substances.
In connection with the above, in order to improve the quality, increase the range and import substitution
before their processing into motor fuel at an oil refinery, we have developed technologies for producing
hydrocarbon solvents from gas condensate (GC). In terms of purity, color (according to the iodometric scale)
and mobility, gas condensates of the Shurtan Gas Processing Plant (SHGPP), the Shurtan Gas Chemical
Complex (SHGCC), the Kokdumalak, Mubarak and Gazli fields, the properties of which are given in the table
1, are suitable for obtaining hydrocarbon solvents as a feedstock.
Separate physicochemical properties and composition of selected gas condensates suitable for the
production of hydrocarbon solvents (Table 1) showed that the studied gas condensates are relatively
transparent, mobile, and in their composition meet the requirements for the quality of raw materials for
obtaining various hydrocarbon solvents from them. The proposed technology for the production of
hydrocarbon solvents differs significantly from the traditional one in that the feedstock is fundamentally
different from oil (see Table 1), and in this regard, the technological scheme for their production can be
based not at an oil refinery, but directly at a gas processing plant (GPP). At the same time, gas condensate
stabilization units (GCSU) and propane-butane separation units (PBSU) operate in all oil refineries at
operated gas condensate gas fields. At GCSU, from the low-temperature hydrocarbon solvent separation of
gas, the separated gas condensate is subjected to rectification separation from propane-butane gases
dissolved in it and at PBSU, together with gases, light hydrocarbons with a temperature of 35-1400C are
separated. Both processes are based on the fractional separation of hydrocarbons. To reduce the partial
pressure of gas condensate, it is stabilized by removing up to 5-7% of dissolved gases in order to safely
transport them to refineries for processing them into motor fuel along with oil.
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
56
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
53-60
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Table 1. Separate physicochemical properties and group composition of selected gas condensates
suitable for the production of hydrocarbon solvents
Mining facility
Production
volume,
thousand
tons
Physicochemical
properties
Composition of hydrocarbons, %
g/cm
3
Aromatic Naphthenic Paraffin
Mubarak field
510
1,4274
0,728
8,8
29,1
62,1
Kokdumalak
field
1910
1,4392
0,768
12
15
73
Shurtan gas
processing
plant
830
1,4417
0,762
29
22
49
Shurtan GCC
210
1,4281
0,735
10
32
58
Gazli field
60
1,4460
0,765
32
23
45
For standard cleaning of gas condensates into
liquefied gases used in gas-balloon vehicles as a
cheap and environmentally friendly motor fuel,
propane-butane separation from a wide fraction
of light hydrocarbons (WFLH) is carried out.
In the lightest hydrocarbon solvents, there is a
tendency for the best dissolution, which
accelerates the drying of PLM on the substrate. At
the same time, in order to develop a technology
for obtaining solvents from the used PLM, their
given characteristic indicators were taken into
account.
Light and stable GC and their WFLH were
subjected to fractional separation in a model
laboratory rectification unit.
The obtained oil-extraction solvents had the
following
qualitative
and
quantitative
composition (Table 2).
Table 2. Qualitative and quantitative indicators of solvents for the extraction of vegetable oils
Components
Boiling
temperature of
hydrocarbon
solvents,
0
С
Solvents
GC - 30/115
WFLH
GC- ES
30/85
GC- ES
65/85
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
57
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
53-60
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
n-pentane
36,1
0.35
0.75
0.92
2,3-dimethylbutane
58,0
2.46
2.29
2.08
2-methylpentane
60,0
3.20
14.47
19.60
n-hexane
68,0
36.50
37.24
29.97
Methyl cyclopentane
71,8
10.90
11.78
9.24
2,4-dimethylpentane
80,5
2.95
2.90
3.12
Benzene
80,1
0.05
0.07
0.08
g-methylhexane
85,2
0.92
1.20
1.01
3-methylhexane
84,0
0.31
0.38
0.41
1,2-dimethylcyclopropane
78,2
0.82
0.90
0.94
Methylcyclobutane
76,4
0.60
0.55
0.60
Other hydrocarbons
30-115
4.54
3.25
0.10
С
2
- С
10
<<
3.25
-
-
Light components of WFLH, which are part of GC-30/115 and GC-ES 30/85.
The qualitative composition of hydrocarbon
solvents for the extraction of vegetable oils can be
seen from Table-2.
Of a number of known varieties of hydrocarbon
solvents for paintwork materials in our republic,
only one brand is produced - NEFRAS -S-4 with 130-
210 C, which does not always meet the
requirements for paints and varnishes in terms of
such parameters as transparency, volatility,
content of harmful impurities in the composition
and etc. The proposed technology for obtaining
varieties of hydrocarbon solvents in GCSU at the
natural gas processing plant of the Shurtan field
(Unitary
subsidiary
company
(USC)
“Shurtanneftgaz”) is expressed as follows (see
Figure-1).
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
58
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
53-60
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Fig. 1. Principal technological scheme for obtaining solvents of gas condensate of the Shurtan gas field,
taking into account the conditions of GCSU “Shurtanneftgaz”: 1
-furnace; 2-rectification column; 3-heat
exchanger; 4,7-degassers; 5.8 pumps; 6-refrigerator; 9-side strengthening column.
At the gas condensate stabilization distillation
column, consisting of 40 hydrocarbon separation
plates, at the level of 17-20 plates, a fraction of 120-
185 C (white spirit) with a volume of 3-5% is
selected for the processed gas condensate, which
is no more than 10 thousand tons per year of
quality solvent of gas condensate of paint-and-
lacquer materials 120/210. From 3-5% of the
condensable fractions of hydrocarbons, 2/3 of the
volume is subjected to reflux (separation of liquid
from water during the distillation process) for
irrigation of the 23rd plate of the same fractional
column. There is a clear separation of the specified
solvent.
Comparative indicators of the obtained solvents
from gas condensate according to the proposed
technology are given in Table 3. As can be seen
from Table 3, the quality indicators of gas
condensate for PLM are much superior to their
counterparts obtained from oil.
Table 3. Comparative physical and chemical parameters of oil and gas condensate solvents
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
59
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
53-60
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Indicators
Notable petroleum solvents
Solvents from gas
condensate
White-
spirit
Solve
nt
NEFRA
S S-3
NEFRAS
S-4
GC-PLM
120/220
GC-PLM
120/160
GC-ES
65/85
Density at 20
0
С, kg/m
3
,
no more
795
865
695
790
780
845
700
Initial boiling
temperature
0
С
130
120
72
130
120
120
65
Final boiling
temperature
0
С
210
160
98
98
220
160
85
Residue in the flask, %
2
3
1
2
0,5
-
-
Aromatic
hydrocarbons, % not
less than
16
65
4
16
18
42
-
Mass fraction of sulfur,
%
0,02
0,04
0,025
0,08
0,01
-
0,001
Flash temperature,
0
C
-23
-20
-22
-32
-30
-24
-27
Xylene volatility
4,5
5-6
2,5-3
6
4-6
3-4
2-2,5
Solvent color
Light
red
Light
yellow
Transpar
ent
Light
yellow
Transpa
rent
Transpa
rent
Transpa
rent
For system solvents of paint-and-lacquer materials from gas condensate, separate colloid-chemical and
operational properties are given on the example of their solutions with drying oil K-3 (Table 4).
Table 4. Properties of olefin solutions
Solvents
Colloidal-chemical properties
Performance
properties
Visco
sity,
centip
oise
Surface
tension,
Dyne/cm
2
Adhesion
on the
substrate, %
Kauri-
butanol
point, g
Aniline
point,
K
Xylene
volatility
,
0
C
GC-GC-PLM 120/160
35
33
96,5
54
357
2,0
GC-PLM 160/220
28
34
98,0
34
393
3,0-3,5
GC-PLM 120/210
34
38
97,2
44
368
2,5-4
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
60
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
53-60
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The above indicators of the properties of solutions
of drying oil K-3 are quite acceptable when they
are used to form high-quality protective coatings
on a wooden substrate.
Conclusion. It should be noted that in order to
meet the demand of a number of target industries
for higher-quality and inexpensive system
solvents, it can be obtained on the basis of gas
condensate.
REFERENCES
1.
Mannonov Sh.A., Alimov A.A. Obtaining
and studying the properties of a oil
extraction solvent from light fractions of
gas condensate// Uzbek chemical journal.
2004. V.5. p.29-32.
2.
Smirnov L.S. Replacement of white spirits
in the production of paints and varnishes
with Nefras S-150/200 solvent // Paint-and-
lacquer materials and their application.
1998 №2, p.60
-64.
3.
Alimov A.A. On the chemical use of natural
gas and gas condensates// Uzbek Chemical
Journal. 2003. 1. p.87-94.
4.
Drinberg S.A., Tsitsko E.F. Solvents for
paint-and-lacquer materials: a reference
guide. L.: Chemistry, 1980. p.160.
5.
Kozin V.G., Sharifulin A.V. Extraction
properties
of
aromatic
solvents
//
Chemistry and technology of fuel and oils.
1997. 2. p. 33-34.
