American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
19
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VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue06 2025
PAGE NO.
19-24
10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue06-05
Technology for Obtaining the Biologically Active
Supplement “Cardioherb”
Ishonkulova N.F
Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums, Uzbekistan
Mahmudjanova K.S.
"ALFRAGANUS UNIVERSITY" non-governmental higher education organization, Uzbekistan
Ashurov A.A.
Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums, Uzbekistan
Received:
22 April 2025;
Accepted:
18 May 2025;
Published:
20 June 2025
Abstract:
Currently, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and disability among humans [1,2]. In
this regard, the development of herbal medicines not only for treatment but also for prevention is considered
highly relevant. Dietary supplements (biologically active food additives or BAFAs) are mainly used as preventive
agents [3].
Keywords:
Biologically active, preventive agents, scientific research.
Introduction:
It is well known that for a long time,
plant-based medications such as hawthorn and
Geranium collinum have proven to be effective
cardioprotective agents [4]. These plants have been
widely used not only in folk medicine but also in
scientific research. Numerous studies indicate that
these plants are rich in various biologically active
compounds, making them highly valuable in medicine.
Research Objects
. The research utilized hawthorn
fruits (Crataegus) and roots/rhizomes of Geranium
collinum, which grow in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Research Objective
. The literature contains data on
obtaining extracts from hawthorn fruits and the
underground parts of Geranium collinum [5]. However,
despite
numerous
studies,
no
combined
phytopreparation from these two plants currently
exists. The goal of our research is to develop a
technology for obtaining extracts from hawthorn fruits
and Geranium collinum roots and rhizomes, and on this
basis, to produce a dietary supplement in capsule form
named “Cardioherb.”
Research Results
. During the development of
extraction technology, several factors were considered:
degree of raw material grinding, type of extractant,
extraction method, chemical composition, etc.
Hawthorn fruits were ground into sizes of 1
–
2 mm, 3
–
5 mm, and 7
–
8 mm. Extracts were obtained using
maceration, repercolation, and the method of VNIIF
(All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Pharmacy).
The content of flavonoids
—
dihydroquercetin, luteolin,
rutin, rosavin, quercetin, salidroside
—
was determined
in the extracts using HPLC (High Performance Liquid
Chromatography) (see Figure 1).
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Figure 1. Flavonoid content in hawthorn extracts
Ethanol at different concentrations (30%, 50%, 70%) was used as the extractant (Tables 1–
3).
Table 1.
Content of extractive substances in hawthorn extract (maceration method)
Article size
(mm)
Flavonoids
Ethanol concentration, %
30
50
70
Flavonoid content mg/g
1-2
Dihydroquercetin
0,012
0,017
0,015
Luteolin
0,0098
0,012
0,010
Rutin
0,037
0,041
0,035
Rosavin
0,113
0,123
0,121
Quercetin
0,0095
0,011
0,010
Salidroside
1,62
1,65
1,58
3-5
Dihydroquercetin
0,017
0,018
0,0186
Luteolin
0,012
0,013
0,0131
Rutin
0,041
0,045
0,0453
Rosavin
0,123
0,125
0,126
Quercetin
0,011
0,013
0,0137
Salidroside
1,65
1,68
1,68
7-8
Dihydroquercetin
0,016
0,015
0,012
Luteolin
0,011
0,010
0,0098
Rutin
0,039
0,035
0,037
Rosavin
0,122
0,121
0,113
Quercetin
0,011
0,010
0,0095
Salidroside
1,62
1,58
1,62
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Table 2.
Content of extractive substances in hawthorn extract (repercolation method)
Article size
(mm)
Flavonoids
Ethanol concentration, %
30
50
70
Flavonoid content mg/g
1-2
Dihydroquercetin
0,012
0,017
0,015
Luteolin
0,0098
0,011
0,010
Rutin
0,037
0,041
0,032
Rosavin
0,112
0,123
0,121
Quercetin
0,0095
0,011
0,010
Salidroside
1,62
1,65
1,59
3-5
Dihydroquercetin
0,017
0,018
0,018
Luteolin
0,012
0,013
0,013
Rutin
0,041
0,043
0,049
Rosavin
0,121
0,125
0,126
Quercetin
0,011
0,013
0,013
Salidroside
1,65
1,69
1,69
7-8
Dihydroquercetin
0,016
0,015
0,012
Luteolin
0,011
0,010
0,0098
Rutin
0,038
0,035
0,036
Rosavin
0,112
0,121
0,113
Quercetin
0,011
0,010
0,0093
Salidroside
1,62
1,58
1,54
Table 3.
Content of extractive substances in hawthorn extract (VNIIF method)
Аrticle size
(mm)
Flavonoids
Ethanol concentration, %
30
50
70
Flavonoid content mg/g
1-2
Dihydroquercetin
0,015
0,016
0,008
Luteolin
0,012
0,011
0,0005
Rutin
0,041
0,03
0,016
Rosavin
0,113
0,11
0,095
Quercetin
0,011
0,012
0,0093
Salidroside
1,65
1,71
1,43
3-5
Dihydroquercetin
0,018
0,02
0,009
Luteolin
0,013
0,014
0,0005
Rutin
0,045
0,05
0,02
Rosavin
0,125
0,13
0,097
Quercetin
0,013
0,014
0,0095
Salidroside
1,68
1,77
1,45
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7-8
Dihydroquercetin
0,013
0,014
0,008
Luteolin
0,011
0,009
0,0005
Rutin
0,038
0,02
0,02
Rosavin
0,098
0,11
0,094
Quercetin
0,087
0,011
0,0093
Salidroside
1,58
1,69
1,38
Tables 1 to 3 show the concentration of flavonoids in
hawthorn
extracts
obtained
via
maceration,
repercolation, and VNIIF methods, respectively.
Experimental data show that the highest yield of active
compounds was achieved using the VNIIF method.
Optimal results were obtained using 3
–
5 mm particle
size and 50
–
70% ethanol. For further research, 50%
ethanol was chosen as the extractant.
The second stage of the study focused on developing a
technology for producing a dry extract from Geranium
collinum roots and rhizomes. While previous studies (Z.
Pazylbekova et al.) obtained such an extract using 40%
ethanol and the percolation method [6], they did not
use the VNIIF method. We applied the VNIIF method
using 30%, 50%, and 70% ethanol (see Table 4).
Table 4.
Content of extractive substances in Geranium collinum extract (VNIIF method)
Аrticle size (mm)
Ethanol concentration, %
30
50
70
Gallic acid content, mkg/kg
3-5
721,64
771,74
765,84
Figure 2. Gallic acid content in Geranium collinum extract
The data show that the extracts contain a high amount
of bioactive substances when using 50% and 70%
ethanol.
Based on the experimental data and to accelerate
extraction, we developed a technology for obtaining a
complex extract using a 2:1 ratio of hawthorn to
Geranium collinum. Both raw materials were ground to
3
–
5 mm, extracted via the VNIIF method with 50%
ethanol, and the resulting dry extract was conditionally
named “Cardioherb.”
Further studies involved qualitative and quantitative
analysis of the dry extract. The appearance,
authenticity,
moisture
content,
heavy
metal
concentration,
and
active
substances
were
determined. Results are shown in Table 5.
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American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745)
Table 5.
Quality characteristics of the dry extract “Cardioherb”
Indicator
Analysis Result
Appearance
Brown-colored extract with a distinct
taste and odor
Authenticity:
Flavonoids
2 g of the dry extract is extracted with
20 ml of 70% ethanol for 20 minutes.
After filtration, 2-3 drops of a 2%
aluminum chloride solution are added
to 2 ml of the extract. The appearance
of yellow color indicates the presence
of flavonoids.
Tannins
1 g of the extract is heated and
extracted in 10 ml of distilled water for
15 minutes at a temperature of 60 ° C.
After filtering the extract, 3-5 drops of
1% ferric (III) chloride solution are
added to 2 ml of the extract. The
formation of a blue-black color
indicates the presence of tannins.
Moisture
4,01%
Heavy metals, %
0,007%
Active substances:
Flavonoids, mg/g
Dihydroquercetin
0,23
Luteolin
0,05
Rutin
13,76
Rosavin
26,3
Quercetin
0,097
Salidroside
11,62
Gallic acid, mkg/kg
1295,42
As can be seen from the data presented in Table 5, the
dry extract of the complex composition "Cardiogerb"
meets the requirements of the pharmacopoeia in all
respects, and subsequently, on its basis, the technology
of dietary supplements in the form of capsules was
developed for use as a cardioprotective agent.
CONCLUSION
For the first time, a technology was developed to
produce a complex dry extract named “Cardioherb”,
intended as a cardioprotective agent for the prevention
of cardiovascular diseases.
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http://www.whogis.com/mediacentre/factsheets/fs31
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