Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
98
American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
(ISSN
–
2771-2753)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
98-101
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.534
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
According to various authors, the proportion of precancerous diseases ranges from 18.2 to 19.8% among diseases of
the oral mucosa. Galvanosis, in the absence of proper treatment measures, leads to the development of many diseases
of the oral mucosa, including precancerous ones. 150 patients with signs of galvanosis who applied to the department
of therapeutic dentistry of the TGSI were examined. Dispersed luminous particles using the Abdullahodzhaeva-
Krahmalev method were identified during galvanosis of the oral cavity.
KEYWORDS
Precancerous diseases of the oral cavity, galvanosis, cytology, diagnostics.
INTRODUCTION
Research Article
GALVANISM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRECANCEROUS DISEASES OF
THE ORAL MUCOSA
Submission Date:
January 21, 2024,
Accepted Date:
January 26, 2024,
Published Date:
January 31, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume04Issue01-15
Khaydar Kamilov
Tashkent State Dental Institute, Uzbekistan
Karima Musaeva
Tashkent State Dental Institute, Uzbekistan
Diloro Kakhkharova
Tashkent State Dental Institute, Uzbekistan
Aliya Kadirbayeva
Tashkent State Dental Institute, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajbspi
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
99
American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
(ISSN
–
2771-2753)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
98-101
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.534
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Galvanosis is a pathological condition characterized by
the effect of galvanic currents on the oral mucosa. The
pathogenetic basis of galvanosis is the corrosion of
dissimilar metal materials of dentures, caused by
electrochemical processes occurring in the oral cavity
[1-2].
One of the effective diagnostic tests is the removal of
structures made of dissimilar metals [3]. After
excluding structures made from dissimilar alloys,
patients, as a rule, note a decrease or even
disappearance of unpleasant sensations [4-5].
However, there are cases when a patient complains
when there are dentures made of one alloy in the oral
cavity (Grechishnikov N.S., 2017).
In this study, galvanism is a factor contributing to the
development of precancerous diseases of the oral
cavity [9], which is quite common in recent years,
which in turn indicates the need to control the
technical part of orthopedic rehabilitation.
The object of the study is to substantiate an integrated
approach to the diagnosis of patients with
precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa against the
background of galvanosis.
Material and research methods. We examined 150
patients with signs of galvanosis who applied to the
Department of Therapeutic Dentistry of the TGSI in the
period from 2019 to 2023. To fulfill the objectives of the
study, the patients who applied were examined
clinically, using potentiometry, autofluorescence
stomatoscopy, and also cytologically using the
Papanicolaou
and
Abdullahodzhaeva-Krahmalev
methods. Autofluorescent stomatoscopy was carried
out in the department of hospital therapeutic
dentistry. Cytological research methods were carried
out on the basis of the Republican Pathological
Anatomical Center.
We considered the different range of complaints noted
in patients with precancerous diseases of the oral
mucosa, due to the diversity of lesions, from the
perspective of the patient. For example, soreness of
the oral mucosa was recorded as the most common
symptom, observed in 92% of patients, and many
associated the feeling of pain with a burning sensation
in the mouth, noted in 37% of cases. In addition,
roughness of the oral mucosa, a feeling of tightness of
the mucous membrane and a feeling of dryness of the
oral mucosa were noted. 18% reported a feeling of
awkwardness or unpleasant sensation during
functional activities of the oral cavity. 9% of patients
had no complaints.
Potentiometry
confirmed
the
presence
of
microcurrents in the oral cavity in all subjects.
All 150 study patients were examined for the presence
of pathological fluorescence of the mucous
membranes. Thus, in all subjects, an increased or
decreased intensity of luminescence was recorded
during autofluorescent stomatoscopy. When the beam
of the device was aimed at the mucous membrane in
the affected area, a difference in fluorescence was
noted in the form of a clear focus of hyperkeratosis
Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
100
American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
(ISSN
–
2771-2753)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
98-101
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.534
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
highlighting with a brighter glow. In case of erosive
lesions, on the contrary, a dimming of the glow was
recorded, highlighting the lesion against the
background of a brighter healthy mucous membrane.
Thus, in patients with LP, there was a decrease in oral
mucosa fluorescence in 85% of cases. In patients with
veruccous leukoplakia, increased fluorescence in the
form of a bright white glow was observed in 14%. In 1
patient, a heterogeneous glow with the presence of
dark spots, almost black, was noted - complete
quenching of fluorescence against the background of
a brown or red glow of the surrounding mucosa,
confirmed by subsequent morphological analysis as
oral cancer.
Analysis of research data using the Abdullahodzhaeva-
Krahmalev method showed positive results when
conducting screenings in order to identify the initial
stages of the development of malignancy. Dispersed
luminous particles were found in smears of patients
with galvanosis even in the absence of clinical signs.
During inflammation, alterative signs of epithelial
structures gave a picture of single DSPs, which gives us
the opportunity to talk about the possible
development of cellular atypia in the future. Thus, we
can judge the effectiveness of screening studies to
identify precancerous diseases.
Using a metallographic inverted microscope and a
digital camera, the image was placed on a computer,
which later helped to compare the picture of the
clinical and cytological examination.
Thus, the following data were obtained. In 1 patient,
intraepithelial DSPs were found in large quantities.
An interesting fact was that in 65% of the studied
patients, in the complete absence of cytological
changes, intercellular DSCs were registered; this
feature suggests that chronic diseases caused by
galvanism are in fact considered precancerous for
good reason, due to the gradual destruction of cellular
structures, and the following a stage of tissue
restructuring may be dysplasia as a stage of cellular
atypia. Thus, we can talk about the potential risk of
malignancy in the absence of necessary treatment.
Conclusions. Dispersed luminous particles using the
Abdullahodzhaeva-Krahmalev method were identified
in galvanosis of the oral cavity, and in most cases they
are multiple intercellular, which indicates the risk of
developing malignant tumors of the oral cavity. Using
the Abdullahodzhaeva-Krahmalev method, a system
for
adequately
assessing
the
diagnosis
of
precancerous diseases against the background of
galvanosis has been improved.
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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024
101
American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
(ISSN
–
2771-2753)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
01
P
AGES
:
98-101
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.534
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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