Vol. 4 No. 01 (2024): Volume 04 Issue 01

The study included the results of treatment of 368 patients with benign thyroid nodules who were admitted to the surgi-cal department of the multidisciplinary clinic of Samarkand State Medical University in the period from 2010 to 2023. Depending on the volume of the thyroid gland to be removed, the following types of operations were performed: Thy-roidectomy, Subtotal resection of the thyroid gland, Hemithyroidectomy with partial resection of the other lobe of the thyroid gland, Hemithyroidectomy, Partial resection of the thyroid gland. The developed algorithm for choosing tactics for surgical treatment of thyroid nodules, taking into account the volume of removal of the thyroid gland according to the conclusion of fine-needle aspiration biopsy or express bopsy, made it possible to improve the quality of care provid-ed by reducing the frequency of immediate postoperative complications from 14.8% (40 patients in the group compari-son) to 2.9% (4 patients in the main group) (χ2 criterion = 4.954; Df=1; p=0.027) and unsatisfactory results in the long-term postoperative period from 32.1% (52 patients in the comparison group) to 11, 3% (in 12 patients in the main group) (χ2 criterion = 4.692; Df = 1; p = 0.031).

This research investigates the intricate relationship between urbanization dynamics and mortality patterns in Jamaica using a comprehensive approach that incorporates mathematical modeling and mortality analysis. As urbanization continues to reshape societies globally, understanding its impact on mortality is crucial for informed public health strategies. Through mathematical models and statistical analyses, this study explores the nuanced connections between urbanization factors and mortality rates in Jamaica. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between urban development and public health outcomes, offering insights for policymakers and healthcare professionals.

This research delves into the therapeutic potential of methanol extracts from Chrysophyllum albidum stem bark in addressing inflammation and pain. Using a formalin-induced paw edema model in albino rats, the study investigates the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the extracts. Results indicate a significant reduction in paw edema and pain responses, suggesting the efficacy of Chrysophyllum albidum in mitigating inflammatory processes. The study contributes valuable insights into the medicinal properties of this botanical extract, paving the way for potential applications in the development of anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.

This study investigates the potential hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects of phloretin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Phloretin, a natural dihydrochalcone flavonoid abundantly found in apples, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes is associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and organ damage, particularly in the liver and kidneys. The administration of phloretin aims to assess its ability to mitigate diabetes-induced hepatic and renal impairments. Our findings suggest that phloretin may serve as a guardian of health by conferring protection against diabetes-associated hepato and renal damage.

Using light microscopy methods, the histological structure of the uterus of white outbred rats at the level of the body and cervix was clarified. It has been established that the walls of the right and left uterine horns grow together, forming a double body and neck. Whose cavities remain separated from each other by a thin septum and open into the vagina with two separate openings. The area of fusion of the medial walls is characterized by the union of the perimeter and the supravascular layer of the myometrium. The data obtained can be used to illuminate the relevant sections of reference and educational literature when writing sections on evolutionary, functional, comparative species morphology and reproductive biology. Based on the histological study, it was established that in rats, despite the general type of uterine structure, there are significant differences that mainly affect their lower segment at the borders.

This study investigates the wound healing properties of Cantharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) leaf extract in Wistar rats. The experiment involved inducing standardized wounds on the rats, with a subsequent application of the C. roseus leaf extract to evaluate its impact on the rate and quality of wound healing. The findings provide insights into the potential therapeutic benefits of this botanical extract in promoting accelerated wound recovery.

Studied technological properties of the substance based on Echinacea purpurea juice. Based on the experiments conducted, excipients were selected for improving the technological properties of the pressed mass and suggesting the optimal composition for “Immunacea bio”  tablets with immunomodulatory effects.

In practice, feed additives with various biological properties are used, such as biostimulants, modifiers, antioxidants, enzymes, phytobiotics, when fed to ruminants, an optimal rumen environment is created for microbial activity and digestion of food substrates in the diet. The research was to study biostimulants on milk production and the state of the immune system in cattle.

The study is based on a clinical examination of 105 patients with postoperative ventral hernias who were operated on in the surgical department of the multidisciplinary clinic of Samarkand State Medical University for the period from 2019 to 2023. Depending on the choice of operation, patients were divided into two groups:The first group (main group) consisted of 50 patients operated on laparoscopically, the second group, the comparison group included 55 patients who underwent open (traditional) prosthetic hernioplasty. The use of the laparoscopic "ipom" technique can significantly reduce the number of early postoperative and general complications (by 3.6 times), the duration of hospitalization (from10.2 ± 1.8days before6.2 ± 0.8days), periods of temporary disability (from40.9 ± 5.6days before15.1 ± 1.8days), and also reduce the number of relapses (from 10.9% to 2.0%).

The article presents the results of a study of biologically active substances in a dry extract obtained from the flower buds of the medicinal plant saffron Crocus sativus L. The GSX method was developed to determine the amount of biologically active substances in the dry extract.

This research explores the intricate mechanisms underlying the impact of select polyphenolic compounds on the binding functions of mitochondrial Ca2+. Polyphenolic compounds have been recognized for their potential health benefits, and their interactions with mitochondrial processes, particularly in relation to Ca2+ binding functions, are of significant interest. Through a comprehensive investigation, this study aims to elucidate the specific molecular pathways and interactions that mediate the effects of polyphenolic compounds on mitochondrial Ca2+ binding functions. The research employs advanced techniques such as spectroscopy, imaging, and molecular modeling to unravel the subtleties of these mechanisms. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the molecular dynamics governing the influence of polyphenolic compounds on mitochondrial Ca2+ binding, shedding light on potential therapeutic avenues for various health conditions.

This article describes the weather regime of the soil, the methods of its management, the changes that occur as a result of the use of mineralized water in crop irrigation.

The results of surgical treatment of 103 patients with “fresh” IVS injuries were analyzed. The main operation for complete transection and excision of the IVS is HepEA according to Roux-en-Y, which was performed in 67 patients with good long-term results in 97.01%. The formation of the BBA with complete intersection of the duct in all cases resulted in a stricture. Restorative surgery is indicated only for partial damage to the duct. HepDA also had a negative effect on treatment outcomes. Complications in the immediate postoperative period17.5%, in the remote – 33.9%. Repeated surgical interventions were performed in 32.03% of patients, mortality rate was 5.8%.

Over the past 15 years, the incidence of cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx has increased by 15-17%, and almost 90% of patients are working people (30-60 years old). There were 32 patients (15 men and 17 women) aged 35 to 60 years with oral precancerous diseases examined at the department of Therapeutic Dentistry of Tashkent State Dental Institute. An IHC study in patients diagnosed with flat leukoplakia did not reveal neoplastic transformation of epithelial cells; the main changes in the epithelium were characterized by hyperplasia with cell proliferation.

Hypersensitivity of hard dental tissues after whitening is one of the most common pathological conditions that create discomfort and have a negative impact on the functional state of the oral cavity. For treatment, 66 patients aged 30–40 years with at least 20–25 natural teeth with a preserved crown and without severe concomitant pathology were selected, with complaints of hyperesthesia of the teeth after professional whitening. Over the course of 6 months, using clinical methods and subjective sensations of patients, the severity of hyperesthesia after treatment with various desensitizers was compared . The high efficiency of Telio CS Desensitizer in the treatment and prevention of hyperesthesia of hard dental tissues was revealed.

According to various authors, the proportion of precancerous diseases ranges from 18.2 to 19.8% among diseases of the oral mucosa. Galvanosis, in the absence of proper treatment measures, leads to the development of many diseases of the oral mucosa, including precancerous ones. 150 patients with signs of galvanosis who applied to the department of therapeutic dentistry of the TGSI were examined. Dispersed luminous particles using the Abdullahodzhaeva-Krahmalev method were identified during galvanosis of the oral cavity.

Research was undertaken to examine the amino acid and elemental composition of “Hyposedaf”, a dry extract known for its hypotensive properties. Quantitative analyses of both micro and macro elements were conducted using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Additionally, the amino acid content was quantitatively analyzed through High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). This study identified 20 different amino acids in the “Hyposedaf” dry extract, 10 of which are essential. Notable amino acids, such as histidine, cysteine, tyrosine, methionine, valine, asparagine, and leucine, amounted to a total of 29.15 mg. Of all detected amino acids, 46.5% were classified as non-essential, while 53.5% were essential. The elemental analysis of the “Hyposedaf” dry extract revealed 61 different elements, including 7 essential elements (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn) and 4 conditionally necessary elements. Key elements like potassium, calcium, sodium, zinc, iron, magnesium, and phosphorus, found in substantial amounts, are crucial for human health. The concentrations of heavy metals and arsenic in the dry extract were within safe limits according to the Sanitary-epidemiological rules and norms, complying with the quantitative standards State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Volume 1, Issue 1) and State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV (RF) [1,2,3]. The findings indicate that “Hyposedaf” dry extract possesses significant value, offering potential for medical application and the development of other medicinal forms.