COMPLEX EVALUATION OF BIOSTIMULANTS FOR PREVENTION OF IMMUNE SYSTEM DISORDERS AND HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE COWS AND IMPROVEMENT OF MILK QUALITY

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ABSTRACT

In practice, feed additives with various biological properties are used, such as biostimulants, modifiers, antioxidants,

enzymes, phytobiotics, when fed to ruminants, an optimal rumen environment is created for microbial activity and

digestion of food substrates in the diet. The research was to study biostimulants on milk production and the state of

the immune system in cattle.

KEYWORDS

Feed additives, correction, immunostimulants, biostimulants, milk, livestock, leukocytes.

INTRODUCTION

Research Article

COMPLEX EVALUATION OF BIOSTIMULANTS FOR PREVENTION OF
IMMUNE SYSTEM DISORDERS AND HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE COWS AND
IMPROVEMENT OF MILK QUALITY

Submission Date:

January 06, 2024,

Accepted Date:

January 11, 2024,

Published Date:

January 16, 2024

Crossref doi:

https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume04Issue01-07

Kakhorov B.A

National University of Uzbekistan

Rasulova S.L

National University of Uzbekistan

Zhumakulova G.S.

National University of Uzbekistan

Shavkatova H.R.

National University of Uzbekistan

Journal

Website:

https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajbspi

Copyright:

Original

content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons

attributes

4.0 licence.

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Relevance. The intensification of cattle breeding and

the use of industrial technologies significantly

increases the load on the cow’s div and contributes

to the strain of its functionality. Changing

technological conditions of detention do not always

correspond to the physiological needs of animals, and

in this situation diseases arise, which are based on

metabolic disorders. Among the complex of external

conditions that affect the physical and chemical

parameters of milk and their biological value, special

attention should be paid to feeding dairy cattle. In

addition, feed not only directly affects the productivity

and quality of milk, but also indirectly affects the

immune system. In recent years, in livestock farming,

much attention has been paid to the development of a

variety of additives that can increase milk productivity,

milk fat content, increase the digestibility of feed and

stimulate the metabolism of mineral and probiotic feed

additives. In practice, feed additives with various

biological properties are used, such as biostimulants,

modifiers, antioxidants, enzymes, phytobiotics, when

fed to ruminants, an optimal rumen environment is

created for microbial activity and digestion of food

substrates in the diet. Considering the above, an

urgent problem is the creation and introduction into

production of biostimulants intended for inclusion in

mixed feeds and diets that have a beneficial effect on

metabolism, animal productivity, the quality and safety

of products of animal origin.

Purpose and objectives of the research. The main goal

of the study was to study biostimulants on milk

production and the state of the immune system in

cattle.

To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set:

1. Determine the effect of a feed biostimulant on the

milk productivity of cows and the quality of raw milk.

2. Study the biochemical parameters of cows’ blood

when using a biostimulator.

3. Assess the economic efficiency of introducing

biostimulants into the diets of highly productive cows.

METHODS

Research was carried out using clinical-physiological,

microbiological, veterinary-sanitary, zootechnical and

mathematical methods. The effect of biostimulants in

different doses on metabolic processes, productivity

and quality of milk of cows was studied. The research

was carried out on 32 dairy cows in the Zangiota district

of the Tashkent region in 2021. Animals in the control

and experimental groups received a diet consisting of

wheat straw (0.6 kg), corn silage (23.0 kg), wheat

haylage (50.0 kg), complete feed (14.58 kg), optigen (0

.05 kg) and alfalfa haylage (6.50 kg). The animals of the

experimental groups received a mineral feed regulator

in a dose of 300 g daily in addition to the main diet (BR)

as part of a complete feed.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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In accordance with the accepted scheme for

zootechnical analysis of feed, the dry matter of the

feed is the carrier of the nutritional value of the feed.

The higher the dry matter content of the feed, the

higher its nutritional value. It is known that the DM

consumption of bulky feeds depends on the

concentration of metabolic energy in them and the

level of productivity. Animals received biostimulants

for 30 days, 10 ml. intramuscularly. Hematological

parameters of the blood of experimental cows. As can

be seen from the data presented in the table, over the

entire period of the experiment, the concentration of

leukocytes in the control and experimental groups was

within physiological norms and had an average value of

9.5 109/l in the control group and 9.9 109/l in the

experimental groups. The content of lymphocytes at

the beginning and at the end of the experiment in the

control and experimental groups was within

physiological norms and no significant changes were

observed. Control group - average content for the

entire period - 33.9%. Experienced groups: I

–

27.4%; II

–

27.8%; III

–

29.01%.

Table 1 - Hematological parameters of the blood of experimental cows.

Index

Unit of

measurement

Groups

Control

Experienced

I

II

III

Beginning of the experiment 1st day (n=12).

1

2

3

4

5

6

Leukocytes

10

9

/л

9,27±0,54

9,91±0,61

10,94±0,85

9,77±0,60

Lymphocytes

%

28,39±2,20

27,05±2,58

25,87±2,77

28,41±2,19

Basophils

%

10,57±0,67

9,17±0,57

11,18±1,75

9,41±0,82

Granulocytes

%

51,15±2,72

49,57±2,36

51,77±3,24

50,12±2,94

Red blood

cells

10

12

/л

9,45±0,58

8,70±0,30

9,65±0,62

9,16±0,60

Hemoglobin

г/дл

13,79±1,60

10,25±0,23*

10,16*±0,21

13,39±1,67

Thrombocytes

10

9

/л

478,83±73,28

317,58±45,01

359,92±54,26

376,92±80,15

End of experiment, 60th day (n =12)

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Leukocytes

10

9

/л

9,84±0,58

9,02±0,43

9,93±0,57

9,78±0,56

Lymphocytes

%

29,51±2,02

27,84±1,96

29,80±2,07

29,62±2,14

Basophils

%

8,89±0,65

9,08±0,33

8,56±0,50

8,63±0,51

Granulocytes

%

50,13±2,34

44,56±1,74

44,87±1,76

44,15±1,68*

Red blood

cells

10

12

/л

8,66±0,28

8,08±0,25

8,16±0,22

8,12±0,22

Hemoglobin

г/дл

10,41±0,24

11,14±0,45

10,03±0,23

9,95±0,23

Thrombocytes

10

9

/л

293,25±41,72

340,46±46

295,42±38,76

286,17±36,30

Note: * p<0.05; ** p<0.01; compared to control

The ratio of basophils at the beginning of the

experiment and at the end tended to decrease, namely

in the control group it decreased by 15.9%. In the

experimental groups it was 0.99%, 23.4 and 8.3%,

respectively. All indicators were within physiological

norms and no significant changes were observed. The

content of granulocytes during the entire period of the

experiment in comparison with the control in the

experimental groups decreased by 11.2%, 10.5 and 11.9%,

respectively, while being within physiological norms.

At the beginning of the experiment, the content of the

number of erythrocytes was within the maximum

values of physiological norms (5-10*1012/l), at the end

of the experiment it dropped to average values,

namely in

in the control group - 8.66 (1012 /l), in the experimental

group - 8.12 (1012 /l). The hemoglobin indicator of the

experimental groups at the beginning of the

experiment was lower than the values of the control

group: in I - by 25.7%; in II

–

by 26.3%; in III

–

by 2.9%. The

indicators of the control group and experimental

group III were higher than physiological norms at the

beginning of the experiment. At the end of the

experiment, all indicators were within physiological

norms and had an average value for the control group

- 10.41 g/dl and the experimental group - 10.37 g/dl.

Hematocrit values for the entire period of the

experiment were within physiological norms (35-45%)

and no significant changes were observed. The

average value was: control group

–

39.48%; I

–

35.5%; II

–

40.38%; III

–

38.72%.

The number of platelets at the beginning of the

experiment in the experimental groups was within

physiological norms (250-450 1012/l), and the indicators

in the control were higher. At the end of the

experiment, all indicators were within physiological

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norms and no significant changes were observed. Data

on milk production (MP) of animals for 100 days of

lactation were obtained on the basis of daily records

during each milking. The study period was divided into

5 additional periods of 20 days each. In general,

research results have shown that the trend in the level

of milk productivity is increasing. The subsequent

increase is probably associated with the stabilization of

the energy balance in the div of dairy cows. With the

introduction of biostimulants in milk it increases,

however, we did not observe an excess of the upper

limit of the norm. In addition, it was found that in

accordance with the selected analysis criteria in the

studied population of animals, in 17.05% of cows the

biostimulant corresponded to optimal values. The

biostimulant tended to decrease as the milk

productivity of animals increased, and increased as

soon as the milk productivity of animals began to

decline in the dynamics of milking days. The economic

efficiency of feeding a biostimulant feed regulator in

the diet of cows is the calculation of the economic

feasibility of its use. The main indicators in the

economic assessment were: the cost of feed, average

daily milk yield and the market price of milk.

CONCLUSION

According to the task, further research was aimed at

studying the effect of biostimulants on the

productivity and metabolism of high-yielding cows. It is

known that feeding, and as a consequence, the

introduction of biostimulants, is one of the leading

factors in ensuring high productivity of dairy livestock.

This is explained by the fact that during lactation the

animal’s div is in a state of increased functional

activity; complex processes of fermentation of feed

through a huge number of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, as

well as the absorption of nutrients and the synthesis of

new ones, take place in the proventriculus. All this

provides the animal with the necessary energy and

nutrients, affects the physiological processes

occurring in the div, which in turn helps to enhance

metabolic processes, productive and reproductive

phenomena. An important point in these processes is

the ability to control rumen digestion by adjusting the

diet through the use of various biostimulants.

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