American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
34
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VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue02 2025
PAGE NO.
34-36
10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue02-09
Germination characteristics of greater celandine
(CHELIDONIUM MAJUS L.) Seeds
Achilova Sh.S.
PhD candidate, Scientific Research Institute of Oriental Medicine, Alpomish Street 35, Samarkand, 140107, Uzbekistan
Rabbimov A.
(DSc), Scientific Research Institute of Oriental Medicine, Alpomish Street 35, Samarkand, 140107, Uzbekistan
Ergashev SH.M
(PhD), Scientific Research Institute of Oriental Medicine, Alpomish Street 35, Samarkand, 140107, Uzbekistan
Received:
24 December 2024;
Accepted:
26 January 2025;
Published:
28 February 2025
Abstract:
This article presents the results of research conducted on the germination of Greater Celandine
(Chelidonium majus L.), one of the valuable medicinal plant species. It was found that under laboratory conditions,
seed germination was high (91.4-93%) with an optimal germination temperature of 25-30°C. Field germination,
however, was relatively low (17.7-24.5%), influenced by the seeds' anatomical structure and variable
environmental conditions.
Keywords:
Seed, germination, embryo, seed coat, germination temperature, dicotyledonous nutlet,
environmental factors, sowing periods.
Introduction:
Developing the pharmaceutical industry
is one of Uzbekistan's priorities. This development
requires establishing industrial plantations of medicinal
plants and expanding their assortment. Many
medicinal plant species are representatives of wild
flora, with relatively little known about their ecological
and biological characteristics. This lack of knowledge
hinders their cultivation and plantation development.
Thus, the study of biological features is necessary for
scientifically based cultivation.
Greater Celandine is a valuable medicinal plant not
recorded in Uzbekistan's natural flora. Its extracts are
used to treat liver, gallbladder, and skin diseases
(Kholmatov, Qosimov, 1994). This study used seed
samples of Greater Celandine from Germany (first-
generation reproduction in Samarkand). The article
presents findings on the seed quality of this plant.
Research Objective
The study aimed to develop a scientific basis for
cultivating Greater Celandine in the Samarkand region
by studying its biological, morphological, and
physiological characteristics.
METHODS
The germination of Greater Celandine seeds was
studied under laboratory and field conditions.
Laboratory germination was evaluated using standard
seed science methods (Kuleshov, 1963; Leurda &
Belskykh, 1974; International Seed Testing Rules,
1984). Seeds were germinated in Petri dishes at
different temperatures (20-22°C and 25-30°C) on filter
paper or river sand. Field germination was assessed by
sowing 100 seeds in January, February, and March, and
counting emerged seedlings. Data were statistically
analyzed using the methods of B.A. Dospekhov (1979).
RESULTS
Laboratory Germination
The fruit of Greater Celandine is a multi-seeded,
elongated capsule. Seeds are very small, smooth, and
shiny black. The weight of 1,000 seeds was found to be
5.71 mg. The embryo is dicotyledonous and enclosed in
American Journal of Applied Science and Technology
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American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745)
a hard, smooth seed coat, which delays water and
oxygen absorption, slowing germination.
Table 1. Laboratory Germination of Greater Celandine Seeds (20-22°C)
#
Seeds
Sown
Sowing
Date
Germination
Date
Germinated
Seeds
Duration
(days)
Germination (%),
M±m
1 50
07.12.2024 15.01.2025
46
39
91.4
2 50
07.12.2024 15.01.2025
48
39
91.4
3 50
07.12.2024 15.01.2025
47
39
91.4
4 50
07.12.2024 15.01.2025
42
39
91.4
Average:
45.7±1.3
Figure 1. Seed germination under laboratory conditions.
Initial data showed 60% germination within 12 days at
23°C. Total germination reached 70% after 30 days.
Seeds germinated slowly at 20-22°C, requiring 39 days
for completion, but achieved a high germination rate
(91.4%).
In the second variant, seeds were germinated at 25-
30°C on river sand. Germination started on January 12,
2025, and by January 15, 2025, most seeds had
germinated, with an average germination rate of 93%.
Table 2. Laboratory Germination of Greater Celandine Seeds (25-30°C)
#
Seeds
Sown
Sowing
Date
Germination
Date
Germinated
Seeds
Duration (days)
Germination (%),
M±m
1 50
22.12.2024 15.01.2025
48
24
93.0
2 50
22.12.2024 15.01.2025
42
24
93.0
3 50
22.12.2024 15.01.2025
46
24
93.0
4 50
22.12.2024 15.01.2025
50
24
93.0
Average:
46.5±1.7
Figure 2. Seed germination under different laboratory conditions.
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American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745)
River sand provided better conditions for germination
due to stable moisture and temperature.
Field Germination
Field germination was studied by sowing seeds in
January, February, and March. Seedlings emerged in
mid-April, regardless of the sowing date, and were
counted by the end of April.
Table 3. Field Germination of Greater Celandine Seeds
Sowing Date Seeds Sown Seedlings Emerged Germination (%)
January
100
24.5±3.2
24.5
February
100
19.2±1.4
19.2
March
100
17.7±0.9
17.7
Figure 3. Field germination progress until August.
Field germination was relatively low (17.7-24.5%),
influenced by the seeds' anatomical structure and
variable environmental factors.
CONCLUSION
Greater Celandine can produce high-quality seeds
under Samarkand's soil and climatic conditions.
Laboratory germination reached 91-93%, while field
germination ranged from 17-24%, depending on
environmental factors. The optimal germination
temperature in laboratory conditions is 25-30°C, and
January is the most suitable sowing month.
REFERENCES
Dospekhov B.A. Methodology of Field Experiments. M.,
"Kolos", 1979. - 475 p.
Kuleshov N.N. Agronomic Seed Science. M., Selkhozgiz,
1963. - 312 p.
Leurda I.G., Belskykh L.V. Determining Seed Quality. M.,
"Kolos", 1974. - 100 p.
International Seed Testing Rules. M., "Kolos", 1984. -
310 p.
Kholmatov H.H., Qosimov A.I. Medicinal Plants.
Tashkent, "Ibn Sina", 1994. - 365 p.
