Vol. 4 No. 09 (2024): Volume 04 Issue 09

Dysbiosis is a condition characterized by the disruption of the normal ratio of microorganisms in the body, which can lead to various physiological disorders. This study investigates the biochemical changes in the saliva of rats under dysbiosis induced by antibiotics. A comparative analysis of the control and experimental groups revealed significant alterations in the levels of albumin, immunoglobulin IgA, electrolytes, and organic acids. The results indicate that dysbiosis leads to an increase in the levels of albumin and electrolytes, as well as a decrease in immunoglobulin IgA, suggesting potential impairments in immune response and metabolism. The findings underscore the importance of maintaining normal microbiota for health and may serve as a foundation for further research in the prevention and treatment of dysbiosis.

Analysis of the results of treatment of inguinal hernias using endovideosurgical hernioplasty: TAPP, TEP and e-TEP in 216 patients was carried out. Total extraperitoneal hernioplasty (TER) is preferable for patients who have undergone operations on the abdominal cavity and pelvic organs due to the adhesion process. TARR is recommended when it is necessary to perform simultaneous operations and in case of bilateral localization of hernias.  It made it possible to reduce the number of hematomas (in the TARR groups from 8.6% to 3.7%, in the TER-e-TER groups from 7.6% to 5.7%) and seromas (in the TARR groups from 8.6% to 7.4%, in the TER-e-TER groups from 13.5% to 5.7%) with dissection in the preperitoneal space.

Diabetes mellitus during pregnancy is a significant health concern that can lead to various complications, including an increased risk of developing hypertension. This study aims to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with hypertension in pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. A comprehensive analysis of clinical data was conducted on a cohort of pregnant women, with a focus on those with gestational and pregestational diabetes. The findings reveal a strong correlation between diabetes mellitus and the incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, including preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Factors such as obesity, age, and family history of hypertension further exacerbate this risk. The study highlights the importance of early screening and continuous monitoring of blood pressure in pregnant women with diabetes to mitigate adverse outcomes. The results underscore the need for targeted interventions and personalized care plans to manage hypertension risk in this vulnerable population, thereby improving maternal and fetal health outcomes.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, with complex biochemical alterations occurring in affected patients. This study investigates the biochemical changes in blood and body fluids associated with tuberculosis to identify potential biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of blood samples and various body fluids from a cohort of TB patients, examining key biochemical parameters including electrolytes, proteins, lipids, and metabolic byproducts. Our findings reveal significant deviations from normal ranges in several markers, suggesting a profound impact of TB on systemic biochemistry. Notably, alterations in serum proteins and lipid profiles were observed, which could be linked to the disease's inflammatory response and metabolic disturbances. The study highlights the potential of these biochemical markers for improving diagnostic accuracy and tracking disease progression. These insights contribute to a better understanding of TB’s impact on biochemical pathways and may aid in the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Polymers, with their viscoelastic nature and complex molecular structure, significantly enhance oil recovery (EOR). This text elucidates the mechanisms underpinning their application in EOR, categorizing them into synthetic and natural (bio) polymers, each with distinct properties. A variety of EOR techniques employing polymers, like foam, alkali-polymer, surfactant-polymer, alkali-surfactant-polymer, and polymeric nanofluid flooding. Most polymers are pseudoplastic under shear, with biopolymers offering the benefits of salt resistance and thermal stability; however, plugging might result in the wellbore area, and they degrade. Despite its complexities, associative polyacrylamide shows promise, though hydrolyzed polyacrylamide remains the industry standard. Notably, alkali-surfactant-polymer flooding proves effective at various scales, and polymeric nanofluids hold potential for future EOR applications.