American Journal Of Philological Sciences
297
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue06 2025
PAGE NO.
297-299
10.37547/ajps/Volume05Issue06-78
The Necessity Of Identifying The Usage Frequency Of
Verb Morphological Forms In The Uzbek Language
Nasirdinova Oydinniso Dagarovna
PhD Student, 2nd Year, Department Of Uzbek Language And Literature, Tashkent State University Of Uzbek Language And Literature,
Uzbekistan
Received:
13 April 2025;
Accepted:
17 May 2025;
Published:
27 June 2025
Abstract:
In the era of information, the necessity for speed and efficiency in every field, including linguistics and
education, is growing rapidly. In the process of teaching Uzbek as a native or foreign language, it is essential to
ensure a targeted, systematic, and gradual acquisition of language skills. Identifying the frequency of usage of
verb morphological forms in speech, and determining their linguistic basis, is a pressing issue in Uzbek linguistics.
This paper discusses the scientific and social necessity of analyzing verb forms through corpus-based, statistical,
and CEFR-aligned approaches, providing a foundation for developing frequency-based dictionaries and improving
Uzbek language teaching materials.
Keywords:
Uzbek language, verb morphology, frequency analysis, CEFR, language teaching, corpus linguistics,
statistical methods, language levels, linguistic modeling.
Introduction:
In the current stage of global
development, characterized by rapid progress in
technology, science, and education, the factor of time
plays a crucial role in determining the value and
efficiency of any process. Particularly in the educational
system, the abili
ty to “save time” has become
synonymous with improving both the quality of
teaching and the effectiveness of learning outcomes.
The same principle applies to the process of teaching
Uzbek as either a native or foreign language. Achieving
educational effectiveness in language instruction
requires clearly defined, structured, and systematized
stages, allowing learners to master linguistic
competencies and communicative skills progressively,
in accordance with a level-based framework. At the
core of linguistic competence lies grammar, and within
that, verbs represent a complex and highly dynamic
word class. To improve language teaching practices, it
is essential to identify the actual usage frequency of
verb morphological forms in spoken and written texts.
A scientifically grounded system for classifying these
forms based on their functionality in speech and
alignment with language proficiency levels is a
significant task facing modern Uzbek linguistics.
MAIN PART
I. Scientific and Linguistic Necessity. The necessity of
identifying the frequency of verb morphological forms
in the Uzbek language can be justified on both
scientific-linguistic and socio-pedagogical grounds.
From a linguistic perspective:
•
Verbs are one of the richest and most
functionally diverse word classes in the Uzbek
language. Their wide grammatical variation, including
tense, mood, person-number, and aspect, makes them
central to sentence structure. It is reported that over
4000 pure verb forms exist in modern literary Uzbek.
Despite this, the frequency and distribution of verb
forms in natural spoken and written discourse have not
been extensively studied.
•
Verb
forms
encompass
around
100
morphological categories, resulting in millions of
potential combinations. The need to create lexical and
grammatical frequency dictionaries based on these
forms demonstrates the scope and complexity of this
research area.
•
Linguistic modeling and corpus-based research
require accurate statistical data. By applying frequency
(chastotnost) methods and analyzing forms across
different registers and styles, it is possible to determine
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
298
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
which verb forms are actively used and which are
passive. This provides the foundation for the creation
of frequency dictionaries and sub-corpora within the
framework of a national Uzbek language corpus.
II. Social and Educational Necessity. The research is also
of great significance for language education. In Uzbek
language textbooks, especially those for foreign
learners, grammatical content often lacks empirical
grounding. The absence of quantitative data on verb
usage results in teaching materials that are heavily
theoretical. Incorporating frequency-based data allows
for more effective curricula and instructional content
aligned with real language usage.
•
According to CEFR standards (Common
European Framework of Reference for Languages), the
division of grammatical and lexical units into levels (A1
–
C2) plays a crucial role in determining language
proficiency. The classification of verb forms based on
their frequency and functional load supports the
creation of level-appropriate texts and assessments.
•
The implementation of such classification
systems in official, educational, and media contexts
helps promote a more culturally and stylistically aware
usage of Uzbek verbs. Knowing which verb forms
appear in which functional styles (e.g., academic,
journalistic, artistic) can support clarity and precision in
communication.
•
The methodological foundation of the research
includes applying the Pareto Principle (80/20 Rule),
which suggests that 20% of verb forms may account for
80% of actual language use. Quantifying this
distribution provides a rational basis for selecting which
forms to prioritize in teaching and assessment.
Results and Discussions. The conducted research
supports the idea that analyzing the frequency of verb
morphological forms in the Uzbek language is essential
both for theoretical linguistics and applied language
teaching. The key findings and their implications are as
follows:
•
The quantitative ranking of verb forms
illustrates the active/passive usage of verbs in real
speech, allowing for the development of frequency-
based grammatical scales. These scales can be aligned
with CEFR levels, where certain verb forms are
associated with specific proficiency levels (e.g., A1, B2,
C1). This can lead to a clear “grammatical profile” for
each level.
•
Frequency analysis forms the basis for linguistic
modeling, supporting the development of Uzbek
language corpora, including educational subcorpora
and illustrative microcorpora. These will enrich national
language databases and provide authentic material for
textbook creation and digital learning platforms.
•
The practical application of the Pareto principle
in linguistic research demonstrates that around 20% of
the most frequently used verb forms may cover up to
80% of natural language usage in educational, official,
and literary domains. This provides an empirical
foundation for the selection and prioritization of
grammatical material in syllabi.
•
Comparing historical frequency dictionaries
reveals that previous works (e.g., by S. Muhamedov
and A. Hojiyev) often focused on limited genres (e.g.,
newspapers, epics). The current research expands on
this by suggesting that at least 1 million words are
necessary for statistically reliable linguistic conclusions.
•
The integration of frequency-based data into
educational practice can bridge the gap between
theory and practice, improving both textbook
development and classroom instruction.
The identification of the degree to which morphological
forms are used in Uzbek speech forms the basis for
classifying morphological affixes along a continuum
from “simple to complex” and from “active to less
active.” This is of particular importance for the practical
teaching of Uzbek grammar to non-native learners in a
clear, accessible, and step-by-step manner. Classifying
linguistic units according to their frequency of
occurrence in actual speech requires quantitative
indicators
–
such as statistical status, frequency, and
comparative mathematical analysis. In this regard,
linguostatistics defines the core methodology of the
research. It relies on the fundamental principle that
“quantitative
changes
lead
to
qualitative
transformations”, which in turn introduces probability
theory into the interpretation of linguistic phenomena.
From an applied perspective, to determine the
frequency and activity of linguistic units
–
particularly
morphological forms
–
it is crucial to draw on both
spoken and written language sources. These sources
should include selected corpora, quantifiable
frequency tables of the analyzed units, comparative
analyses of results, and classification of affixes based
on their degree of activeness or passiveness in speech.
This stepwise approach ensures methodological rigor.
The use of language corpora significantly enhances the
efficiency, accuracy, and reliability of such research.
Furthermore, the frequency of morphological forms in
speech must be assessed in connection with the
frequency of lexical items. According to the principle of
systemic linguistic unity, “a unit of one linguistic level
cannot function in speech independently of the general
semantic functions of other levels.” Thus, highly
frequent word forms in speech tend to occur with
grammatically relevant affixes. This regularity allows
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
299
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
for a precise identification of affix frequencies.
Currently, Uzbek language corpora do not provide
direct data on the frequency of individual affixes,
because available computational tools primarily detect
affixes within word forms rather than as independent
units. Therefore, it is methodologically appropriate to
analyze affixes that belong to a specific part of speech
by focusing on their use within a determined set of
high-frequency words. Such an approach not only
ensures greater statistical accuracy but also contributes
to the theoretical and practical development of Uzbek
language studies.
CONCLUSION
The identification and classification of verb
morphological forms based on their frequency in
spoken and written Uzbek speech represent a
foundational step toward modernizing Uzbek
linguistics and language education. The research
supports the idea that frequency-based analysis should
guide the creation of CEFR-aligned curricula, lexical-
grammatical corpora, and user-oriented language
tools. Applying corpus and statistical methods not only
strengthens linguistic theory but also ensures practical
utility for language learners, educators, and policy-
makers. Moreover, this study contributes to the
broader effort of creating a comprehensive,
standardized framework for teaching Uzbek
—
a
resource that reflects modern usage, aligns with
international standards, and is grounded in reliable
linguistic data.
REFERENCES
Sodiqova, M. (1975). Fe'l stilistikasi [Verb Stylistics].
Tashkent: Fan.
Mengliyev, B., et al. (2024). 80/20: Til, adabiyot, ta’lim
[80/20: Language, Literature, Education]. Tashkent:
Dimal.
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. (2020, October
20). Decree No. PF-6084: On measures to further
develop the Uzbek language and improve language
policy.
English Profile. (n.d.). English Grammar Profile Online.
Retrieved from https://www.englishprofile.org
Muhamedov, S. (1982). O‘zbek tilining alfavitli
-
chastotali lug‘ati [Alphabetical
-Frequency Dictionary of
Uzbek]. Tashkent: Fan.
Bennett, G. R. (2010). Using Corpora in the Language
Classroom: Corpus Linguistics for Teaching. Michigan
ELT.
Yo‘ldoshev, B., & O‘rinboyeva, D. (2008). O‘zbek xalq
dostonlarining chastotali izohli frazeologik lug‘ati
[Frequency-Based Explanatory Dictionary of Uzbek Folk
Epics]. Tashkent: National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan.
Hojiyev, A., Nurmonov, A., e
t al. (2001). Hozirgi o‘zbek
tili faol so‘zlarining izohli lug‘ati [Explanatory Dictionary
of Active Words in Modern Uzbek]. Tashkent: Sharq.
Brown, H. D. (1961). A Corpus of Present-Day American
English. Providence: Brown University.
Common European Framework of Reference for
Languages (CEFR). (2001). Council of Europe.
Mengliyev, B. (2002). Linguistic system integrity and
inter-level relations (Doctoral dissertation in Philology).
Tashkent. 248 pages.
