THE GENESIS, THE IDEALOGICAL AND MYSTICAL ESSENCE AND POETIC OF ALISHER NAVOY'S NAZMUL-JAVAHIR WORK

Volume 04 Issue 07-2024

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American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN

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2771-2273)

VOLUME

04

ISSUE

07

P

AGES

:

48-54

OCLC

–

1121105677

Publisher:

Oscar Publishing Services

Servi

ABSTRACT

Currently, significant work is being carried out in our country to study the rich literary and historical heritage left by

our ancestors, as well as manuscript sources. A collection of four poems by Alisher Navoi entitled “Nazmul

-

Javahir”

can be called “Poetic Masterpieces” or “Poetic Masterpieces”. These quatrains are dedicated to hadiths

- the wise

words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), transmitted by Hazrat Ali and expressed in verse.

Alisher Navoi highly appreciated the linguistic and literary abilities of Hazrat Ali. In his work Mahbubul-Kulub (Beloved

of Hearts), he mentioned Hazrat Ali in the first category when he spoke about the people of Nazm. This work by Navoi

is about education from head to toe. In “Nazmul

-

javahir” Navo

i elu widely propagates the ideas of goodness,

humanity, justice, and morality through his conclusions and generalizations based on the experience of village life. He

tries to raise people to spiritual heights, gives instructions on what material and spiritual harmony should be.

KEYWORDS

Nazmul-jawahir, linguistics, wisdom, literary skill, ideological and mystical essence, ethics, care.

INTRODUCTION

Our research shows that Alisher Navoi's work "Nazmul-

javohir" is in great need of deep and comprehensive

study in Uzbekistan. The text of "Nazm ul-javahir" was

later published in Tashkent in a fifteen-volume

collection of Navoi's works (1968) and twenty-volume

complete works (1999). The articles written by S.

Research Article

THE GENESIS, THE IDEALOGICAL AND MYSTICAL ESSENCE AND POETIC
OF ALISHER NAVOY'S NAZMUL-JAVAHIR WORK

Submission Date:

July 21, 2024,

Accepted Date:

July 26, 2024,

Published Date:

July 31, 2024

Crossref doi

:

https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume04Issue07-09

Abdullayeva Rukia Muhammatovna

Yangi asr universiteti, "Classical Eastern Philology", teacher of the department, Uzbekistan

Journal

Website:

https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajps

Copyright:

Original

content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons

attributes

4.0 licence.

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Ganiyeva, M. Mahmudova, T. Gafurjonova about

"Nazm ul-Javahir" are also noteworthy. In 1387 AH,

Hazrat Ali's wisdom and their translations into Uzbek,

Russian, and English languages were published as a

separate pamphlet under the title "Nazmu-l-javahir" in

Tehran.

(Compilers:

Bahman

Akbariy,

Suyima

G'aniyeva). This is Hazrat Ali's Nasru-l-la'ali (Prose of

the Lilies). Although this work was written many

centuries ago, it has not lost its essence even now. This

work of Navoi is about education from head to toe. In

"Nazm ul-Javahir" Navoi widely propagates the ideas

of goodness, humanity and justice through his

conclusions and generalizations derived from the

experience of country life. He tries to raise people to a

spiritual height, gives instructions on how material and

spiritual harmony should be. Alisher Navoi's work

"Nazmul-javohir" is currently of great interest in deep

and comprehensive study in Uzbekistan. In the article,

the genesis, ideological-mystical essence and poetics,

translational-analytical aspects of this work were

studied, and necessary scientific conclusions were

presented.

Navoi wrote in the introduction to "Nazm ul-Javahir":

Yo rab, bu javohirlarniki, manzum etdim,

Chekkanim anga har nuktaki, ma’lum etdim,

Har nuktaga bir tarona marqum etdim,

Ko‘p gavhar aning zimnida maktum etdim.

Means:

Ey xudo, bu javharlarni she’r

bilan yozib chiqdim,

Turli nozik ma’noli so‘zlarni terib ularning

(mazmunini) ma’lum qildim.

Har bir shunday so‘zga bir ohang berdim.

Ularning orasiga ko‘p gavharlarni berkitdim.

Now we are going to look at the quatrains in "Nazmul-

Javahir" and uncover the gems hidden in them.

It is known that we can't get any amount of advice

regarding the morals of raising children in the family.

Navoi, the Sultan of the Ghazal estate, wrote a

beautiful commentary on the following wisdom. "Ad-

dib ayolaka tanfa’uhum". Thi

s wisdom recommends

teaching manners to those under one's care (family,

children, wife) and benefiting them:

Topting chu ayol, yaxshiliq yetkurgil,

O‘rgat adabu yaxshi qiliq yetkurgil,

Har necha adab bo‘lsa qattig‘ yetkurgil,

Xaylingga adab qilib osig‘ (fo

yda) yetkurgil.

If you are married and have children under your care,

show them love and do good. Teach manners, teach

good behavior. Teach manners with strictness. If you

raise your family to be polite, you will benefit them. It

is known that the original wisdom is expressed in the

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Arabic language through a command verb. Therefore,

Navoi gives its meaning through strict and sharp

expressions.

"Birr ul volidayni salafun". This wisdom is translated as

"Kindness to parents is an inheritance" in the 15th

volume of Navoi's Complete Works (B. 230).

Navoiy sharhi esa bunday:

Ista ota yo‘lida jon fido qilmoq,

Qulluq onaga ham ulcha imkon qilmoq,

Zuhri abad istasang farovon qilmoq,

Bil oni ota-

onag‘a ehson qilmoq.

Means:

Ota yo‘lida joningni fido qilmoqni ista,

Onaga ham imkon boricha qulliq qilgin.

Agar yorug‘ kunlaring mo‘l bo‘lmog‘ini istasang

Doimo ota-

onaga ehson qilg‘il.

This quatrain talks about the need to honor parents,

past ancestors, and keep their honor high. Let a person

sacrifice his life for his father. Let him serve his mother

as much as possible, like a slave, and let him show her

respect and reverence. If, says the poet, you wish for

many and abundant bright days; you see it as a

donation to your father and mother. It is the highest

and noblest human duty to respect one's father and

mother and to serve them earnestly. Every boy and girl,

every child must fulfill this duty with honor.

Let's look at the commentary on the proverbs about

etiquette, "Adab ul mar’i xoyrun zahabihi". These four

also belong. - It is better than gold if it is clearly visible.

Navoi embellished this wisdom with his poetic skills.

Oltin-kumush etma kasb davlat kunidin,

Kim tortar adab ulusni mehnat tunidin,

Gar yo‘qtur adab ne sud oltun unidin,

Elning adabi xushroq erur oltunidin.

When State Day comes, do not force yourself to

acquire gold and silver. Because it is their manners that

save people (ulus) from the nights of hardship. If a

person has no manners, what is the use of adornment?

A man's manners are better than his gold.

Navoi elaborates on the idea that visible manners in the

original are better than gold. First, the poet calls

people not to be greedy for gold and silver on the day

when they are rich. Because the power that saves

people from the night of hardships is their manners. It

should not be forgotten. Day and night come together

here. When State Day comes, the advice not to be

greedy for gold and silver is aimed at those who have

reached that day. Because a person who does not

come to the state day will not have anything to do with

gold and silver. And those who face the night of work,

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their manners can save them from these burdens. Only

after such explanations, the poet announces the final

conclusion. He always says that manners are better

than gold.

Har mehnat aro daf’i balo izhori

Mol istasang et shukru sano izhori

Kim shukr demak qilur g‘ino izhori.

Means:

(Kimki)Og‘ir kunda

yaxshi umid bilan shukr qildi

Har bir qiyinchilikda balolardan qutula oldi.

Agar molu mulk tilasang, shukrona izhor qilgin

Kimki, shukr qilsa, o‘sha boylikka erishgan bo‘ladi.

It turns out that he is thankful for the wealth in the

literal sense. A person who does this does not strive for

more, he lives peacefully and gratefully. This wisdom

proclaims that this is real wealth.

Of these four, it encourages us to respond to evil with

good. "It turns out that he is thankful for the wealth in

the literal sense. A person who does this does not

strive for more, he lives peacefully and gratefully. This

wisdom proclaims that this is real wealth.

Of these four, it encourages us to respond to evil with

good. "Ahsin ilal musn'i tasudduhu". It literally

translates as: "Do good to evil, and you will lose it." It

literally translates as: "Do good to evil, and you will lose

it".

Navoiy bu o‘gitni odatdagidek kengroq sharhlagan

holda bayon etadi.

Gar xasm jafosidin sarandoz o‘lg‘ung,

Doim taabu alamga anboz o‘lg‘ung,

Sen

lutf etib agar navosoz o‘lg‘ung,

Bu vajh ila anga sarafroz o‘lg‘ung.

Means:

Agar dushmanning jafosidan g‘amgin bo‘lsangu

Doim qiyinchilik, alamga tushsangu

(Javoban) lutf etib agar yaxshilik qilsang

Shu sabab bo‘lib undan ustun chiqasan.

It turns out that the person who responds to evil with

good wins. And evil upon evil begets more evil. This

simple truth is encouraged and propagated by Navoi

Lutf, the Da'wah of Navozag. The subject of proverbs

is different. They reflect different aspects of life. If the

four that we just saw spoke about the need to return

evil for good, then the eighty-four that follow shows

disloyalty between people. The idea that "Ikhwanu"

means brothers, sisters, your close people are the ones

who are looking for your fault, is like this in Arabic:

"Ixvanu haza az zamani ba vasis ul uyubi".

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Dahr eliki, keldi ahli nomus bari,

Qardoshlar erur makr ila mahbus bari,

Olingda necha qilsa zaminbo‘s bari,

Lekin bordur aybinga josus bari.

Means:

Olam eli garchi o‘zlarini oru nomusli deb bilsalarda

Qardoshlaring

hammalari

makr

tuzog‘iga

tushgan,unga tutqun bo‘lganlardir.

Ular sening oldingda yer o‘pib ta’zim qilib tursalar

-

da

Barchasi sening aybingni poylovchi josuslardir.

The conclusion is that do not trust too much some of

your loved ones who are bowing before you. They are

scheming, looking for your fault. If so, hide your secrets

from them. And the best thing is to be blameless, not

to blame at all. This lesson urges a person to be alert,

not to over-trust anyone, to know the people around

him and to be aware of their disloyalty. The expression

"haza az zamani" in the original version means "people

of the present time".

The mental state of a person has different forms.

Sometimes a person is happy, cheerful, cheerful.

Sometimes he is in a thoughtful, quiet mood. Now the

wisdom is that depression is a pleasant state for a

person's mental state. "Relaxant and the soul of the

elephant."

Navoi expressed this opinion as follows:

Haqdin durur elga ahli ta’yid o‘lmoq,

Navmid o‘lub tolibi tajrid o‘lmoq,

Chun ya’s durur osudai jovid o‘lmoq,

Rohat yeturur nafsqa navmid o‘lmoq.

Means:

Elni biror ishda quvvatlovchi faqat haqdir,

Kishi noumid ham bo‘ladi, tinchlanmoqni ham t

ilaydi

Doimiy tinch, xotirjamlikni ma’yuslik keltiradi

Ruhga rohat yetkazuvchi ana shu ma’yuslikdir.

Among the various states and moods that are given to

a person by the truth, the most pleasant and pleasant

is sadness, joy, and sadness, which is the basic meaning

of this wisdom and the four created on its basis.

This factor occupies an important place among the

rules of education and upbringing of the East.

Disappointment should not be interpreted as sadness

or bitterness. It is as great a virtue as humility.

Dispondency means keeping quiet, modestly aloof,

refraining from unnecessary activities and talks, not

being too conspicuous, and quiet and gentle behavior.

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Navoi concludes that such a situation brings pleasure

to the human soul.

This wisdom is about the need to hide when difficulties

arise. If you do this, it will be from kindness (courage,

humanity, generosity), says this wisdom.

Navoi Review:

Olam tarki kishiga himmatdin erur-

Kim, ko‘p shiddat ul sari rag‘batdin erur,

Nafsingg‘a qayu alamki, shiddatdin erur,

Maxfiy tutmoq ani muruvvatdin erur.

Means:

Agar kishi olam ishidan bosh tortib chekinsa,bu uning

himmatidandir.

Chunki kimki bu ishlarga ko‘p rag‘bat ko‘rsatsa,

shuncha ko‘p og‘irchiliklarga uchraydi.

Agar senga q

ancha og‘irliklar tufayli alam

-iztirob yetsa,

Uni yashirsang shu mardlik, odamgarchilikdandir.

I read a wonderful inscription somewhere: "Min sabri

zafarun". That is, "Victory comes from patience." This

is the content of the twelfth wisdom. "Bashshir nafsika

biz zafari ba’d as sabri". "Tell yourself that through

patience you will win." So all success and victory comes

after patience. Patience is the key to success.Navoiy bu

to‘g‘rida yozadi:

Nafs uyiga sabr ila imorat angla,

Besabrlig‘in aning sharorat angl

a,

Ish sabr sori anga ishorat angla

Sabrni zafar sori bashorat angla.

Means:

O‘z uyingga sabr bilan imorat qilgin

Besabrlikni esa yomonlik deb bil.

Sabr bilan borishi kerakligini ko‘rsat

Sabr zafarga eltuvchi xushxabar ekanini angla.

It follows from this that a person should restore the

building of patience for his life. Success in any business

depends on patience. Impatience leads to evil, but

patience leads to victory.

The following wisdom is about the benefits of good

deeds: "Barakat-ul umri fi husnil-amali" ("good

deeds"). Fulfil Blessings of life Therefore, all human

activities should consist of good deeds. May his work

be beautiful. Then a person's life will be long.

Navoi explains this verse:

Haq yo‘lida har kimga ibodat bo‘lg‘ay,

Yaxshi amal asbobi s

aodat bo‘lg‘ay,

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Gar yaxshi amal kishiga odat bo‘lg‘ay,

Umri bu amal birla ziyodat bo‘lg‘ay.

Means:

Haq yo‘lida har kim ibodat qilgani singari

Yaxshi ish, amal baxtu saodatga sabab bo‘ladi.

Agar inson yaxshi ish qilmoqni o‘ziga odat qilsa

Bu yaxshi ish orqali uning umri ham uzun bo‘ladi.

So, a person should get used to doing good work. It

should become as necessary for him as it is necessary

to pray in the right way. Good work brings happiness.

A person lives long because of good work.

It is known that this wisdom encourages people to do

good deeds. A good deed means correctness, honesty,

helping the needy, lightening people's burdens,

cheering up the poor, and never doing harm to anyone.

The child of man should not show evil to anyone. He

should do well if he can, and if he cannot do good, he

should not do evil. This is the literal meaning of this

wisdom. This is a situation in which it is necessary to

pray for the truth as much as it is necessary.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, we can say that this work of Navoi is

about education from head to toe. In "Nazmul-javahir"

Navoi widely propagates the ideas of goodness,

humanity, justice, and morality through his conclusions

and generalizations derived from the experience of

country life. He tries to raise people to a spiritual

height, gives instructions on how material and spiritual

harmony should be. Although Navoi's commentary on

wisdom in Nazmul-Javahir was written many centuries

ago, it is no exaggeration to say that it is a topical issue

of our time.

REFERENCES

1.

Алишер Навоий. Ма

ҳ

буб

ул

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.

Муншаот

.

Ва

қ

фия

.

МАТ

. 20

жилдлик

.

–

Тошкент

:

Фан

, 1998.

Т

.14.

–

303

б

.

2.

Алишер Навоий. Сабъаи сайёр. МАТ. 20 жилдлик.

–

Тошкент: Фан, 1992. Т.10. –

448 б.

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Назмул

-

жавохдр [Матн] / А.Навоий.

--

Тошкент:

Akademnashr, 2019.-144

4.

https://kh-davron.uz/kutubxona/alisher-

navoiy/aziz-qayumov-sher-durdonalari.html

5.

http://library.navoiy-

uni.uz/files/navoiy_nazmul_javohir_lotin_ziyouz_c

om.pdf