Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
126
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
126-130
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The look of the listener in the direction of speaker indicates the attention of the listener. If the listener does not direct
his gaze from time to time in the direction of speaker, the latter may decide that they have stopped listening to him.
This may lead to termination of communication. On the other hand, if the speaker does not look at the listener, he
may assume that the speech is not addressed to him. It can also cause communication interruption. The glance usually
accompanies the change of communicative roles in the dialogue.
KEYWORDS
Masculine, signal, typology, visual, mimicry.
INTRODUCTION
In Uzbek culture, women show restraint of emotions,
they are characterized by hidden, embarrassed
laughter. “Khamidabonu’s eyes’ stars sparkled. She
smiled frankly and informed that she loved poem”. [1]
The gaze occupies a large place in the gender social
behaviour of a person, since it is not a means of
perceiving others, but also a non-verbal signal, for
example, it indicates interest in another and has the
intention of a signal [2]. In our opinion, a look is not
only a channel of a perception and a non-verbal signal,
but also a communicative non-verbal sign that
performs a communicative function. With the help of
the glance, you can transmit and receive certain social
information. In some countries, in particular in Japan,
the look considered even more important than the
spoken words themselves, so the difference between
Research Article
GENDER ANALYZE OF GAZE IN DIFFERENT CULTURES
Submission Date:
December 16, 2023,
Accepted Date:
December 21, 2023,
Published Date:
December 26, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume03Issue12-21
Rakhmatullayeva Umida Khomidovna
National University Named After Mirzo Ulugbek Faculty: Interfaculty Of English Language, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
127
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
126-130
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Europeans and representatives of the Eastern peoples
is interpreted as the difference between “people of
sight and people of voice”. And researcher V.V.
Bogdanov emphasizes that the Japanese convey much
more information through their eyes than Europeans.
[3].
The main function of the gaze is contract-setting and
contactor regulating. In the process of contact, the
speaker and listener repeatedly exchange glances,
which indicates active communication between the
speaker and listener. So, the look of the speaker in the
direction of the listener. So, the look of the speaker in
the direction of the listener means that the speech is
addressed to him. In this case, the look may be
accompanied by the gesture or a nod of the head [4].
Given the important role of gaze in the implementation
of communication, researchers have recently begun to
actively study this communicative tool, measuring the
longitude of the gaze, its direction and on the basis of
this make various classifications.
Features of the gaze were considered in the works of
such scientists as A.A. Leontiev, A. Pease, M.I. Stankin,
G. Wainwright, V.A. Labunskaya, S.S. Tatubaev, K.M.
Abishev. They contain information about the typology
and function of gaze in the process of communication,
but there are no works specifically devoted to the
study of gaze in the gender aspect. The typology of the
gaze is given by A. Pease, who singles out business,
social and intimate contacts [5].
M.I. Stankin characterizes such views as: bulging eyes,
closed eyes, direct look, side view, bottom view, top
down view, fixed look, hard look, wandering look [6].
This typology is based on the study of the direction of
gaze. K.M. Abisheva offers a typology of views based
on the study of views in the process of updating social
roles and social relations “superio
rity-
subordination”,
“reader
-
follower”. “agent
-
client”. At the same time,
she distinguishes such views as: socially-oriented, the
view of the boss, the view of the subordinate, the
trusting view etc. [7].
In our opinion, it is possible to differentiate the views
that are characteristic of male and female nonverbal
behaviour. We distinguish in the typology of male
views such as socially humane, direct, long, evaluating,
staring, cold, domineering, hard, prickly, sharp, as well
as the views inherent in women: expressive,
affectionate, trusting, indirect, absent look, lowered,
bulging eyes, etc.
The gender aspect of eyes research allows us to note
that discrepancies in non-verbal visual behavior arise
due to biological and social reasons. So, according to G.
E. Kreidlin biologically the eyes of a man and a woman
have certain differences. Noticeable discrepancies in
the eye behavior of women and men are due to various
reasons: 1) increased emotionality of women; 2) the
subconscious desire of a woman to keep the
“warmth”
of the conversation 3) a women’s search for attention
and participation from a man; 4) conscious or
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
128
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
126-130
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
unconscious desire to get his approval and
encouragement of actions; 5) the manifestation of a
more dependent position of women in society [8].
According to A Pease, a woman is a guardian of the
hearth, therefore women have a wider peripheral
vision than men, which allows her to see a sector of at
least 45 degrees on each side of the head left and right
up and down. The eyes of men, on the other hand, have
the ability to see directly at a distance, since a man, as
a hunter, needs to catch the target with his eye and not
let it out of sight. The eyes of men, on the other hand,
have the ability to see directly at a great distance, since
a man as a hunter needs to catch the target with his
eye and not left it out of sight. A woman’s eyes have
more protein which gives her more ability to perceive
and send a signal. Women have more cone cells in the
eyeball than men. This difference is reflected in the
amount of detail used in describing the color scheme.
Men usually talk about the basic elements of the
spectrum: red, blue, green. Women use terms such as
ivory, aqua, mauve, apple green [9].
E.A. Zemskaya believes that the frequency of views
depends on the specific conditions of communication
(so an increase in the distance between partners is
compensated by an increase in the frequency of views)
and the characteristic social roles performed. Women
use direct gaze much more than men-they look at the
interlocutor more often and their gaze is longer. This is
explained by the social role of a woman as a teacher of
the children-the look is used as a means of
communication to establish psychological contact with
a child who is not yet able to speak [10].
Researcher G.E. Kreidlin, analyzing eye behavior of
men and women, identifies the following gender
properties: a) women look more at the one they like
more b) although they usually don’t look more at the
one they like, men do not look less at the one they like
the
least; c) men most of all look at the “cold” male
interviewer that the one who talks little, smiles little d)
women look more at other women in friendly meetings
and men look more men in unfriendly contacts and
dialogues; e) in a situation of communication with
unfamiliar partners, as a role men consider those
women who look at them more attractive and women,
on the contrary, often believe that unfamiliar men who
stare at them behave impudently and less attractive; f)
women who need to learn something or get something
from another person, it does not matter whether it is a
woman or a man, look at their partner more, try to
catch his eye and at the same time talk more compared
to those women who have nothing from the
interlocutor. The behavior of the men in this kind of
context is exactly the opposite [11].
Each culture has its own typical patterns of ocular
behavior which are significantly influenced by gender
stereotypes. Eastern cultures, unlike European ones,
are aimed at the normative education of the individual,
at observing the religious and cultural traditions
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
129
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
126-130
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
accepted in a given society. Thus, the absence of gaze
when talking with elders is generally accepted sign of
respect. It is not customary for young women and girls
to look men in the eyes. It is not also customary for
men to pay much attention to girls and young women:
“The girl looked at down and opened, closed the book
on the table, the guy stared at her face, furrowed
brow. That’s why I got frustrated” [12].
If a man wants to demonstrate his attention to a
woman, he uses prolonged or repeated gaze as the
“falcon gaze”. Through their gaze, men express
negative emotions such as anger and rage. Men also
use a long gaze in case of hostility or dissatisfaction
with the interlocutor: “Shame on you for
accosting to
a Muslim’s wife!
-said the father and frowned. He left
the room silently” [13]. A man’s gaze can be sharp,
direct, intent: “His eyebrows are sick, eyes are blue, his
beard and mustache suit him very well. Sherkhan’s
eyes had an expression rem
iniscent of an eagle” [14].
Women’s eyes are more often used to express positive
emotions kindness, care, gratitude: “He made eye
contact with Gulbadanbegim slyly and replied with
joke”. Sir, we appreciate your generosity but we can
not take away this great ship to house. [14:42]
Staring (eyes wide open) occur with concern surprise
or an unexpected meeting. Thus, women often
express their curiosity with wide open eyes:
“Khonzodabegim felt the reason of her daughter’s
eyes surprise. I have got other horses-said, then he
presents the horse with golden tools” [14:11]. Women,
mostly young girls, show their modesty using
downcast gaze: “There are some guys who wrote a
poem devoting you, Khamidabonu! Khamida got
ashamed, laughed and looked down” [14:10].
So, gaze is one of the important communicative
methods of nonverbal communication. Analysis of it in
terms of gender shows a discrepancy between visual
nonverbal behavior of men and women.
REFERENCES
1.
Primqul Qodirov. Passage of generations. 2018. 9-
p.
2.
Begl
ova V. B. Field Vocabulary “kinetics”. AKD.
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1997.46-p.
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Functions of verbal and non-verbal components in
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communication
//
Language
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Clarc G., Karlson T. Listeners and the speech act //
New in foreign linguistics. Theory of speech acts.
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Pease A. Relationship language: man and woman. -
M.: ECSMO-PRESS, 2000.-p 169.
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Birdwistell R.L. Kinesics and context: Essays on
div-motion communication Philadelphia: Univ.of
Pennsylvania press, 1970.-p 5.
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
130
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
126-130
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
7.
Abisheva K.M. Socio-linguistic contactology,
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Kreidlin G. E. Non-verbal semiotics. Body language
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Пиз А. язык телодвижений. Как читать мысли
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