Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
78
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
P
AGES
:
78-82
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article discusses the text, it’s types and main features, the spefic features and characteristics of each type of text,
and focuses mainly on the narrative text. Examples are given of the stages of development of a narrative text, the
periods in which it is most often used, the types of text used, and the stylistic colors.
KEYWORDS
Text, text types, narrative text, argumentative text, descriptive text, didactic text, dialogic text.
INTRODUCTION
In many ways, language is not only a tool we master,
but a highly specialized tool that masters us. The same
language that gives us freedom in time and space limits
us with its own subtleties and shortcomings.
Therefore, previous generations have a significant
influence on our means of understanding and similarly
shape our use of language today and the thinking of
future generations. Therefore, all written texts are to
some extent governed by the language we use.
The text is a form of speech, a complete speech unit in
terms of its function. Each text has a complex structure
and content, and it is an example of oral and written
creativity. In linguistics, the text is interpreted as a
separate unit of language and the main object of the
field called text linguistics. Linguist E. Qilichev in his
Research Article
STRUCTURE AND MAIN LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
NARRATIVE TEXTS
Submission Date:
April 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
April 25, 2023,
Published Date:
April 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume03Issue04-13
Bonu Ashirova
Lecturer, French Language And Literature, Faculty Of Roman-Germanic Philology, Karshi State University,
Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
79
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
P
AGES
:
78-82
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
book "Linguistic analysis of the text" gives the
definition that "the text is a complex structure
expressing nominative-aesthetic information, all
elements of which are closely interconnected and
directed to a certain goal from the author's point of
view."
THE MAIN RESULTS AND FINDINGS
The origin of riddles goes back to the secret speech of
primitive society, taboo speech (that is, words
forbidden to be spoken aloud by some members of a
tribe or clan due to age, gender or social status in this
society). Riddles are common among all nations. In
addition, the origin of riddles is related to a person's
desire to scare and deceive an evil spirit, which, as
previously believed, can negatively affect the life and
fate of a person, child, cattle, etc. In order to ensure
the well-being of himself and his family, he had to be
cunning, so that the object or person was not called in
such a way that his name or name was not actually
mentioned. The riddle also played an important role in
initiation ceremonies (the ceremony of turning a boy
into a man), which was widespread among all ancient
peoples. The initiated boy was tested using riddles:
guessing them, he successfully passed this test and
went to the next stage of the initiation - without
knowing the secret speech, the young man could not
become a man. Riddles are found in the mythology of
ancient peoples (for example, in ancient Greek myths).
Linguo-cognitive and linguocultural approaches to the
concept are usually divided according to the
orientation of the research vector: if linguo-
cognitology goes from the concept in the individual
consciousness to its representation in the collective
consciousness (culture), then the linguistic culture
moves from collective ideas about the concept to
individual ones; linguoculturology is oriented rather
towards the study of the specific in the composition of
mental units and is aimed at describing the 2994| S D
Shavkatovna Linguocultural features of the symbols
distinctive semantic features of specific concepts.
From the standpoint of cognitive linguistics, we move
from person to culture, from the standpoint of cultural
linguistics from culture to person. The features of the
linguo concept include ethnocultural distinction,
heterogeneity
(heterogeneity,
diversity,
heterogeneity),
multi-character,
internal
fragmentation and, in contrast to the logical concept,
“experiencing”, semiotic (“nominative”) density
-
representation in terms of expressing a number of
linguistic synonyms, thematic series and fields,
proverbs, sayings, folklore and other plots and
synonymized symbols (works of art, rituals, behavioral
stereotypes, objects of material culture), focus on the
expression plan (inclusion of a name concept into
associative paradigmatic and syntagmatic connections
that have developed in the lexical system of the
language).
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
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American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
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2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
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P
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78-82
SJIF
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(2022:
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(2023:
6.
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OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
We don't always create a new text while
communicating, speaking or writing. We use different
types of text according to our needs. Sometimes we
tell someone about the events that happened or
witnessed. The purpose of our communication is
sometimes to convey some information to the listener.
At the same time, we give recommendations on how
to do something or order not to do something. A
person wants to express his feelings, emotions,
excitement, pain and sorrow, thereby impressing the
listener or reader. In such cases, sometimes we use
exaggeration, sometimes simile-comparison.
Based on this, we can study the text, especially the
artistic text, by dividing it into the following types (in
French):
1.
Narrative content text (Le texte narratif)
–
in such
a text, the author or the hero of the work narrates
an event that he experienced, heard, saw or
witnessed;
2.
Descriptive texts (Le texte decriptif
–
deskriptiv
matn)- such a text is composed in order to illustrate
a person, place, animal or plant creature or some
thing or event unknown to the listener. The
partonymic image is the most characteristic
feature of such a text. That is, the first, primary
feature of the described object is mentioned. Then
the features related to it will be discussed;
3.
Annotation is meaningful text (Le texte
argumentatif
–
argumentli matn )- various
arguments and explanations are given to express
the persuasiveness of the opinion expressed in
such a text. Reasoning, proving, trying to justify
oneself or giving various reasons for the purpose
of defense is one of the unique aspects of the
argumentative text type;
4.
Didactic texts (Le texte explicatif
–
eksplikativ
matn)
–
It is a text composed on the basis of the
desire to give advice to someone, to educate him
through various life events or to teach him to draw
conclusions from what was said;
5.
Poetic text (Le texte poetique) - expressing
feelings and emotions, playing with language,
creating a form are the main features of this text.
6.
Dialogue texts (Le texte dialogal) includes
questions and answers, interviews, chats,
improvisations.
This typology of texts is a pedagogical tool that allows
students to focus on some structural laws of texts and
linguistic and discursive features characteristic of many
texts. At the same time, there are few texts of the
same type. In fact, most texts present a dominant type
while combining aspects of other types; the novel is
undoubtedly the most striking example of this variety
of texts; although it is generally in the form of a short
story, the novel usually combines descriptive,
explanatory, evidential and, of course, dialogic
dimensions, even fragments. We will discuss with you
the types and features of narrative (story) text. In such
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
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American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
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2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
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P
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:
78-82
SJIF
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(2022:
5.
445
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(2023:
6.
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)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
a text, the author or the hero of the work narrates an
event that he experienced, heard, read or witnessed.
The event being narrated can be small or extensive. In
the formation of the text, the storyteller (narrator) is
the leading factor. In a narrative text, the speaker tells
a story in the first or third person. For example, j'ai
invite les copains à venir à la maison cet après-midi
pour jouer aux cow-boys.[I invited my friends to my
house to play cowboys today. Le Petit Nicola, les
cowboys ]; In the story, Nikola tells the story of his
experiences. In addition, there are the following forms
of narrative text: récit (story or short story); récit
d'aventures (adventure story); récit ou roman
fantastique (short story or fantasy novel); fable (tale);
novel (novel); legend ou mythe (legend or myth);
nouvelle (novella); memoirs etc.
The sequence is important in the text and it consists of
three or five stages: 1) en début (the beginning of
events); 2) un milieu (the middle, that is, the
development of events); 3) Une fin (the end of events);
In the five-stage period, the following will be
explained: 1) la situation initiale - the initial\initial
situation; 2) L'élément déclencheur - the cause of the
event (the problem or action that disrupts the balance
at the beginning of the event); 3) Le noeud
\développement - node, that is, development (events,
turns); 4) le dénouement
–
the end of events 5) la
situation finale
–
conclusion.
In narrative text we use the following tenses: le
present(hozirgi davomiy zamon); le passé simple
(oddiy o’tgan zamon); le conditionnel présent et le
conditionnel passé (hoziri va o’tgan zamon shat mayli);
le passé composé (o’tgan murakkab zamon ); imparfait
(o’tgan davomli zamon); futur simple (kelasi za
mon);
plus-que-
parfait (uzoq o’tgan zamon, tuallangan)
masalan, Ils sont arrives avec toutes leurs affaires.
Rufus avait mis la panoplie d’agent de police que lui
avait offerte son papa avec le kepi, les menottes, le
revolver, le baton blanc et le sifflet a roulette (Ular
barcha narsalarini olib kelishdi. Rufus ota- onasi unga
berkitib qo’ygan kiyimini qalpoqchalarini, qurollari, oq
tayog’i va rolik hushtagi bilan kiyib olgan edi ); At the
same time, to make the text more colorful, the writer
or the hero uses various stylistic colors, for example,
comparaison (qiyoslash), métaphore (metafora);
personnification
(personfikatsiya,
shaxslantirish);
oxymore (oksimoron); antithèse(antiteza); métonymie
(metonomiya); euphemism (evfimizm) etc.
CONCLUSION
Narrative text includes any type of writing that relates
a series of events and includes both fiction (novels,
short stories, poems) and nonfiction (memoirs,
biographies, news stories). Both forms tell stories that
use imaginative language and express emotion, often
through the use of imagery, metaphors, and symbols.
REFERENCES
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
82
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
P
AGES
:
78-82
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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Baratboyevna, N. M. (2021). Polysemantic features
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