American Journal Of Philological Sciences
129
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue05 2025
PAGE NO.
129-131
10.37547/ajps/Volume05Issue05-34
Reative Attitude to The Traditions of Uzbekistan
Classical Literature in The Poetry of Vasliy
Karimova Shakhlokhon Ganiyevna
Associate Professor of Oriental University, PhD., Uzbekistan
Received:
17 March 2025;
Accepted:
13 April 2025;
Published:
15 May 2025
Abstract:
This article provides Uzbek readers with the first information about the poetry of the Uzbek poet Vasliy,
who lived and worked in East Turkestan at the beginning of the 20th century. His poems, written under the
influence of the work of enlightened poets such as Mukimiy, are analyzed. Most of the poet's poems are in
harmony with the lyrical works of poets such as Furqat, Mukimiy, Xislat, and Zavqiy, imbued with nationalist and
enlightened ideas. The classification of lyrical poems in the collection "Xinjiang Uzbek Poets" indicates that Vasliy
wrote about themes that have been common to poets in Uzbek classical poetry and creatively followed them in
terms of artistic style. Getting acquainted with the work of such poets indicates the extent of creative cooperation
between Uyghur and Uzbek poets in East Turkestan of that period and their attitude to classical traditions.
Keywords:
Literary environment, socio-political life, literary communication, genre system, poetics, theme and
image, ghazal, muhammas, masnavi, creative style, folk oral art, takhmis-nazira, epic, followership.
Introduction:
The literary history of each nation has its
own specific historical periods and stages, formed on
the basis of the unity of several aspects: ideological
differences that arose due to the great socio-historical
events that occurred in the history of the development
of society of that nation, the methodological
uniqueness (methodological and thematic uniqueness)
of literature as a reflection of this social existence, and
the uniqueness of language, which is the main tool of
literature.
The 20th century AD, which made a great turning point
in the history of mankind and brought people into a
new era of self-recognition, innovation, and intellectual
thinking, also opened the prelude to a new historical
era in Uyghur literature. This historical period of
Uyghur literature, called "Uyghur contemporary
literature", is the continuation of the original traditions
of classical literature that have been consistently
continued in Uyghur literature for several centuries and
enriched it to a certain extent in terms of content and
desire, form and genre, language and style, in
accordance with the flow, demand and requirement of
the era. It serves as a bridge between classical and new
Uyghur literature, which opened a new historical era of
literature by acquiring renewal and the height of the
era. With a number of features of Uyghur
contemporary literature, it occupies an important place
not only in the history of Uyghur literature, but also in
the history of the development of Uyghur society,
philosophy, history of ideas and culture. The literary
environment of this period, which developed and
enriched not in its own shell, but by absorbing
important artistic criteria from the literature of
neighboring peoples, became the cradle of a number of
talented representatives. One of such poets is the
creative Vasliy, who was born into one of the Uzbek
intellectual families and lived in East Turkestan from his
youth.
Aziziddin Muhammad Qamariddin oglu Vasli was born
in Osh in 1919. He received his first education in an old-
style school in the neighborhood. After graduating from
primary school, he moved with his family to Xinjiang in
1933 and lived in the Qagalik district. In 1938, he
entered the "Khotan Dorulmuallimin" and after
graduating from this school, he worked as a teacher in
Qagalik until 1942. In addition to teaching, he was an
intellectual who was open to the technical innovations
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
130
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
of the time and was also engaged in the profession of
photography.
Vasli's literary work began in the late 1930s, when he
was studying at the local grammar school. Due to his
love for classical works of art, he began writing lyrical
poems that imitated the poetry of the first Uzbek
classics. Some of his poems were of a moral-didactic
nature and were also published in small newspapers in
Kashgar. The 1940s were considered a productive
period for the poet in his artistic work: he began writing
poems on various topics. After his father was executed
in Shissai prison in 1941, Vasli left the service and lived
a life of heavy wandering. He lived in extreme economic
hardship, working as a photographer and other
occupations in the cities of Qagalik, Yakan, and Khotan.
This is also evident in the poems of this period, where
the poet laments the social situation, the existing
order, and the motifs of "writing from a country that is
in turmoil." He consoles himself with lyrical poems that
are more about the hardships of society.
Azizuddin Wasli is a descendant of the poet Huvaydo.
Huvaydo's descendants have had great social
connections in Southern Xinjiang since the 2nd century.
Huvaydo's great-grandson, the poet and literary
translator Siddiq, lived in Yakan (Yorkent) in the 19th
century and was engaged in literary creativity
(Huwaydo's relatives Salahiddin Saqib and Sirojiddin
Siroji also spent a certain part of their lives in Yakan and
created a wide literary environment in Yakan in their
time.
The migration of the Vasli family from Osh to Yakan was
not without the above social relations. Vasli's literary
work is diverse in content. He glorified all areas, from
ordinary life events to political events, morality, and
natural landscapes, in poetic language. The poet's
poems have been passed down, memorized, and
preserved to this day among the Uzbek population of
cities such as Khotan, Kogalyk, Yakan, and Kashgar.
In 1985, we collected some of the poet's manuscripts,
and with the help of the Institute of Literature of
Nations of the Xinjiang Academy of Social Sciences,
leading local intellectuals Ehsonjon Khoji Ishaqjon
Yolkuz and Fayzullakhon, living in Yakan (Yorkent), are
engaged in collecting and comprehensively studying
the poet's works.
Aziziddin Muhammad Qamariddin oglu wrote poems
under the pseudonyms "Mavriy", "Nahfiy", "Ohiy" in
addition to "Vasliy". The Huvaydo style is clearly visible
in his poems. The poet died in Yakanda.
In the poet's works, traditional themes of Uzbek
classical literature are glorified: love, loyalty, loyalty to
a friend, love for the homeland, pure human love,
endurance of life's hardships, not wasting one's life,
and human qualities such as ignorance, lack of
enlightenment,
deceit
and
indifference,
and
indifference are condemned. Traditional images:
symbols such as lover, beloved, rival, sokiy, friend, and
religious concepts such as giant, fairy, and Khizr also
play an important role. The book "Xinjiang Uzbek
Poets" that we relied on also includes the poet's ghazals
and muhammas written in the style of poets such as
Huvaydo, Mukimiy, and Zavqiy.
-
Zulfu soching sunbuli tun kechadek ermish
qaro,
Ham yana erkan uzun solsang taroqing nozanin.
Your curly hair is as black as the night before,
And if you grow it long again, comb it gently.
- These verses are fo
und in the radifli ghazal “Nozanin”,
dedicated to the description of the beloved. In addition
to the traditionality of the image, the names of the
small details (the comb) he used indicate that the
Uzbek language has been preserved in the Uyghur land
and was used in the ghazals of these poets. In his verses
such as “I saw you on the smooth road of Ganji ravona
yolida”, he refers to the naming of rural areas of that
period, and it shows that toponyms have almost similar
variants in both languages.
Of the genres of lyric poetry, muhammad was also
considered an active poetic genre during this period,
and Vasli’s work “Man o`zum har joydaman, ko`nglum
sandadur” belongs to this genre. This, of course, was
created in harmony with the murabba of Mukimiy
“Ozum har
yodaman şeyt konglum sandadur” in the
first reading.
This indicates that even at that time, the sensitive
poet's ghazals and murabbas reached East Turkestan
and were well known to the representatives of the
literary school there. We notice that he creatively
mastered the unique tone and content of his works and
continued to change the genre in a new form, trying to
show the poet's unique voice and style. The beginning
of the poem is as follows:
Bog` aro raftor qilsang, g`unchalarda handadur,
Sarf ila shamshodi ar-ar sanga sir apkandadur
Shul sababdin borcha inson gul yuzinga bandadur
Haq ato qilmish sanga kim ushbu xislat sandadur
Man o`zum har joydaman, albatta ko`nglum
sandadur.
Vasliy's literary heritage is rich in content and ideology,
rich in images. He is a talented poet who was able to
demonstrate his talent in poetic style and artistic skill,
drawing inspiration and lessons from his predecessors
and contemporary poets. Also, although the poet's
work presents a gradual improvement of the genres
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
131
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
and themes of classical Uzbek literature, there are also
signs of his own innovation. From our research, we
have come to the following conclusions:
1.
Aziziddin Muhammad Qamariddin oglu, a poet,
calligrapher, and educator who wrote under the
pseudonym Vasli, was one of the Uzbek poets and one
of the talented artists who went to East Turkestan
during the most difficult but turbulent period of the last
century and lived and worked there until the end of his
life.
2.
Vasli's poetry focuses on Islamic enlightenment
and Sufi ethics, pure human love, the glorification of
moral values, and social issues. This literary heritage
reflects the level of development of Uyghur and Uzbek
literary relations and creative pursuits of that period.
3.
The poet's creative activity and literary
heritage are of particular importance in assessing the
literary environment in which Uzbek poets lived in East
Turkestan at the beginning of the 20th century.
4.
Studying the legacy of such creators can serve
as a basis for drawing important conclusions about the
extent of literary contacts between the two literary
environments - Uzbek and Uyghur - and the scope of
creative cooperation and literary style influence.
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