Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
13
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
13-17
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The relationship between man and the world is considered the main theme of epistemology. A person strives to know
himself, as well as the world around him. He studies the world around him in fragments and perceives it mentally. The
sense organs transmit certain information about the outside world to the brain. The brain summarizes and processes
this information. A person has the ability to think in his mind, distinguishing between general and particular signs of
things and events of the material world.
KEYWORDS
Cognitive activity, language structure, set of models, cognitive linguistics, communication systems, semiotics, essence
of communication.
INTRODUCTION
According to certain religious doctrines, the concept of
divine punishment posits that sinful individuals are cast
into the depths of hell as retribution for their
transgressions. When a condemned soul is consigned
to this infernal realm, they are said to undergo a
process of putrefaction, unable to endure the searing
flames of the underworld. Initially, the tormented cries
of the damned echo through the hellish domain, but
over time, they become acclimated to the unrelenting
agony. Folklore has even suggested that the eternally
Research Article
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN ENGLISH AND
UZBEK
Submission Date:
July 05, 2024,
Accepted Date:
July 10, 2024,
Published Date:
July 15, 2024
Crossref doi
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume04Issue07-03
Toshtonov Soyibjon Abdusami o‘g‘li
The department of Integrated course of English language teaching, Andijan State Institute of Foreign
Languages, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
14
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
13-17
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
tormented may eventually become desensitized to
their suffering, going so far as to engage in the
recreational discharge of hellfire for their own
amusement
This evocative legend of the damned in hell has been
metaphorically transposed onto the lived experiences
and familial dynamics of certain individuals. In the past,
some people have endured catastrophic misfortunes
that are akin to the torments of the underworld.
Initially, when confronted with such calamities, these
individuals may react with unrestrained anguish,
wailing and grieving profusely. However, over time,
they gradually become inured to their difficult
circumstances, adapting to the persistent hardships as
the eternally tormented souls are said to do in the fires
of hell.
Indeed, there are many in the world who have suffered
through trials analogous to this hellish narrative. After
witnessing such tribulations, the individual in question
eventually reconciles themselves to a particular
marriage or relationship, uniting with these fellow
sufferers and even becoming accustomed to their
shared plight. Like the legendary damned, this person
then becomes immersed in confronting their "enemy",
enduring their oppression without the previous
outward displays of distress. Instead, they now
retaliate with biting, vitriolic words, having grown
hardened to their circumstances.
Observing this transformation, the individual's
sympathetic friend laments the mistreatment of the
"poor person", to which another responds with a
resigned acceptance, stating that "they are used to
throwing fire at each other" - evoking the imagery of
the hellfire that the damned have grown inured to in
the legend.
“Kеsаkdаn оlоv chiqqаndеk” lit. Like fire coming out of
a lump of clay. This Uzbek phrase can be used in two
situations:
For people who do not speak pleasant words in their
life:
"Their speech reeks like a dirty old sock, it really caught
everyone off guard."
In this case, the metaphor "like fire coming out of a
lump of clay" effectively captures the harshness and
unexpectedness of their words. Their speech is as
unpleasant and surprising as if fire were to suddenly
burst forth from a simple lump of clay. For a person
whose spontaneous speech is meaningful and
impactful:
"When he starts speaking, his spontaneous speech
touches something deep within."
Here, the same metaphor can symbolize that this
person's words possess an unexpected power and
depth. It's as if a bright flame is erupting from what
Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
15
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
13-17
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
seems like an ordinary "lump of clay" in his speech,
captivating the listeners' souls.
So this vivid Uzbek expression can be applied both to
describe coarse and unpleasant speech, as well as to
convey the profundity and significance of someone's
impromptu remarks. The metaphor effectively
captures the surprising and striking nature of the
speech in both contexts.
In Uzbek culture and language, phrases and metaphors
involving fire and its burning process are frequently
employed to represent individuals grappling with
various difficult situations. For instance, the expression
O
ʻ
z yog
ʻ
ig
а
o
ʻ
zi q
о
vurilg
а
n "It is fried in its own oil"
evokes the imagery of someone suffering from their
own internal turmoil, akin to meat sizzling in its own
rendered fat. Drawing upon this analogy, a person
experiencing profound grief, suffering, or severe
anxiety may declare, "I will fry myself in my own oil" as
a means of expressing their overwhelming emotional
anguish.
Similarly, the phrase O
ʻ
t bil
а
n suv
о
r
а
sid
а
q
о
ldi "He
remained between the fire and the water" is used to
refer to an individual trapped in a state of trouble,
tribulation, and hardship.
O
ʻ
tsiz o
ʻ
rt
а
nib, o
ʻ
tinsiz tut
а
b yotibdi. For the deeply
despondent individual who has endured an arduous
and traumatic ordeal, the Uzbek idiom "without fire,
tortured, without firewood, smoldering" evokes a
profoundly sorrowful state of being. This evocative
linguistic device paints a vivid portrait of a person
whose emotional reserves have been utterly depleted,
leaving them in a state of utter destitution and inner
turmoil.
O
ʻ
ch
о
qning kulini t
о
rt
“
pull the ashes of the hearth
”
carries a dual meaning. Utilized both literally and
figuratively, this phrase can denote the act of salvaging
one's livelihood, as a husband might implore his wife to
"pull the ashes of the hearth" in order to preserve their
family's wellbeing.
Through these vivid linguistic representations of fire
and its associated processes, Uzbek speakers are able
to evocatively convey the emotional and experiential
dimensions of navigating life's most challenging
circumstances. The prevalence of such metaphorical
expressions underscores the cultural significance of
fire imagery in Uzbek discourse surrounding personal
hardship and resilience.
Phrases containing the word "fire" in English
encompass various themes. The phrase "dangerous" is
conveyed through expressions incorporating the word
"fire." For instance, "You are playing with fire" signifies
engaging in a risky activity. There is a proverb in Uzbek
that advises "Don't play with fire." The phrase "fire in
the belly" denotes strong determination and
motivation. In this context, the word "fire" is used in a
positive sense. Likewise, in Uzbek, there is an
Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
16
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
13-17
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
expression "fire burned inside" or "fire went inside."
The expression "light a fire under someone" means
motivating or urging someone to act quickly.
The phrase "where there's smoke, there's fire"
implies that rumors or signs often indicate the
presence of truth or a basis for them. Where there's
smoke, there's fire. Suggesting that if there are rumors
or signs of a problem, there's likely some truth to it.
The English phrase "fight fire with fire" conveys the
idea of responding to an attack or challenge with a
similar level of force or intensity. There are some
parallels of this phrase with the Uzbek expressions,
such as "life to life, blood to blood." Both linguistic
frameworks suggest a tit-for-tat approach, where one
matches the intensity or nature of the initial
provocation.
However, the Uzbek phrases also introduce an
additional layer of nuance and wisdom. Expressions
like "answer ignorance with knowledge, ignorance
with patience, immorality with silence" suggest a more
measured, thoughtful response to difficult situations.
Rather than simply meeting force with force, these
Uzbek idioms advocate for a more strategic, principled
approach. The implication is that responding to
ignorance with knowledge, or to immorality with
silence, can be a more effective and morally grounded
way of addressing challenges.
This reflects a cultural emphasis on restraint, wisdom
and moral fortitude - a perspective that contrasts
somewhat with the more visceral, retaliatory nature of
"fighting fire with fire." The Uzbek phrases counsel a
more contemplative, disciplined approach to conflict
resolution.
The Uzbek expressions point to a more sophisticated,
multi-faceted understanding of how to navigate
adversity - one that balances strength with wisdom,
and refuses to be drawn into a cycle of escalating
hostility.
Draw (or take) fire. Attract attention or criticism. When
a person is angry, he burns like a fire, the fact is that in
this case he cannot focus and, as a result, cannot
criticize properly.
Hold someone's feet to the fire. Putting pressure on
someone to fulfill their promises or obligations.
Walking on hot coals. Facing a challenging or difficult
situation. As difficult and painful as it is to walk on hot
coals, the same is true for difficult situations.
A baptism of fire. A challenging initiation or
introduction to a new experience. In this phrase, fire
represents newness (and newness is always difficult to
accept). So, phrases with the fire component are used
in a positive sense.
In the phraseological units with the naturogen
technonym components, the phrases with the primary
Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
17
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
13-17
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
elements of the world, water, air, earth, fire, are used
in positive and negative meanings, and each of them
creates its own associations.
Phrases with a water component include the sign of
water's solubility, the sign of water's non-infectivity,
the sign of water's clarity, the state of water (hot and
cold), the sign of water's fluidity; in phrases with a
earth component, such as size sign, trace sign, security
sign; in phrases with the sky component, praise, a sign
of suspension, a sign of newness, a sign of
refreshment, etc.; Phrases with a fire component are
marked as a sign of hell, a sign of difficulty, a sign of
danger, a sign of pressure, a sign of difficulty.
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Iskandarova, Sh. (2007). Til sistemasiga ma
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