American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
151
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajsshr
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue05 2025
PAGE NO.
151-153
10.37547/ajsshr/Volume05Issue05-37
Tactics for Using Modern Materials to Treat Erosion
Yakubova Sarvinoz Rakhmonkulovna
Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan
Received:
28 March 2025;
Accepted:
24 April 2025;
Published:
26 May 2025
Abstract:
The first sign of tooth decay is a chalky white spot on the tooth. At this stage, the decay process can be
reversed. If you think you might have early stage tooth decay, make an appointment to see your oral health
professional.
Keywords:
Risk of tooth, tooth decay, acids attack, food and drinks.
Introduction:
Erosive defects should also be
differentiated from increased tooth abrasion, in which
the defects are often flat, have smooth shiny areas with
clear boundaries, and, as a rule, there are
corresponding signs on the antagonist teeth.
Interestingly, in most obvious cases of erosion of an
exogenous nature, there is always a connection with
behavioral and lifestyle factors. Thus, a relationship has
been established between erosion and excessive
consumption of specific foods such as citrus fruits,
lemon and orange juice, fruit purees or fruit juices with
pulp, soft drinks with cola additives and drinks with
citrus additives. Frequent consumption of herbal teas,
popular among the population and considered
“healthy” drinks, may have a high erosive potential.
Typical clinical signs of erosion are the presence of a
smooth, silk-glazed, sometimes dull surface with an
intact enamel zone along the gingival margin. In later
stages, further changes in morphology can be detected,
resulting in the formation of a depression in the enamel
that is wider than it is deep. Erosion on the vestibular
surface of the teeth should be distinguished from
wedge-shaped defects, which are located at the
cemento-enamel junction or apical to it. The coronal
part of wedge-shaped defects, as a rule, has a sharp
border and is located at a right angle to the surface of
the enamel, and the “bottom” of the apical part
reaches the surface of the root. Thus, the depth of the
wedge-shaped defect exceeds its width. Other
researchers have noted that adding calcium to a sports
drink reduces its erosive potential [85]. Additionally, a
significant reduction in the erosive potential of a sports
drink was shown when adding phosphopeptide-
stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate, resulting in
an increase in pH and a decrease in titratable acidity.
Thus, it was noted that diluting drinks containing
organic acids with high buffer capacity with water does
not reduce the pH level, but reduces the titratable
acidity. This seems important because the higher the
buffer capacity of the drink, the longer it will take for
saliva to neutralize the acid. However, dilution with
water also reduces the concentration of calcium and
phosphate (if present), which have a protective effect.
METHODS
All methods of treating damage to tooth enamel and,
as a result, hyperesthesia can be divided into 4 groups
1. Use of hygiene products designed for teeth with
hyperesthesia.
2. Use of professional products to reduce tooth
sensitivity by sealing dentinal tubules (adhesives,
desensitizers,
remineralizing
therapy,
deep
fluoridation, surface sealants).
3. Filling defects.
4. Depulpation of teeth with increased sensitivity.
Modern
technologies
for
treating
dental
hypersensitivity do not always have a long-lasting
effect. Innovative technology for the prevention and
treatment
of
dentin
hypersensitivity
during
professional oral hygiene in patients with periodontal
diseases. The most widespread are toothpastes
containing argenine. To treat dentin hyperesthesia,
Pro-
Argin™ technology is used based on the formation
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
152
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajsshr
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research (ISSN: 2771-2141)
of a complex of arginine and calcium carbonate.
Domestic researchers have proven the effectiveness of
using Sensodyne F toothpastes.
One of the latest developments from Glaxo Smith Kline
Health care is a toothpaste containing 8% strontium
acetate - Sensodyne Instant Effect. Strontium can
influence the properties of dental tissues by entering
isomorphically into the Ca position in the crystal
structure of apatite, if there are free spaces. Using
electron microscopy, it was found that a single
treatment of a tooth section with Sensodyne
toothpaste Instant effect in vitro leads to obturation of
93% of the dentinal tubules. Clinical trials have found
that a single application of this toothpaste for 60
seconds leads to a significant reduction in the pain
response to temperature stimuli, in particular to cold
water. Remineralization therapy is one of the methods
for treating caries at the spot stage. A number of
studies have obtained long-term results confirming
that this technique makes it possible to stop the
development of the carious process at the spot stage
by impregnating pathologically altered tissues with a
methacrylate-based preparation, which stabilizes the
development of caries and creates conditions for the
restoration of damaged areas. Evaluation of the
effectiveness of treatment of focal demineralization of
enamel in the defect stage using the infiltration
method in combination with various restoration
technologies based on the results of the study. For
remineralization therapy, professional fluoride and
calcium-containing products are widely used, the
action of which is aimed at reducing the sensitivity of
dentin due to the precipitation of calcium fluoride
crystals on the tooth surface. Comparative assessment
of the clinical effectiveness of modern drugs for
remineralization therapy. These complexes, by
blocking dentinal tubules, reduce their permeability.
However, the effect is short-lived since calcium fluoride
crystals quickly disappear from the surface with chronic
abrasion. A preparation has been developed that can
be used for the production of toothpastes and
powders. It represents an aqueous suspension of nano-
sized material with a hydroxyapatite structure,
including carbonate, fluorine groups and tricalcium
phosphate:
(Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 -x-y(Ca3)x/2Fy)0.9×(Ca3(PO4)2)0.1
where x=0.01-0.3; y=0.01-0.4 (2)
Particle sizes with a maximum in the region of 10-25
nm. To obtain the product, calcium hydroxide (at 2-5°C)
is neutralized in an inert atmosphere of an aqueous-
alcohol solution with a mixture of orthophosphoric and
hydrofluoric acids, and at the last stage the
neutralization rate is sharply increased. The resulting
substance is close in chemical composition to tooth
enamel and is completely biocompatible with human
tissues. Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite is synthesized
by various methods, including: wet (precipitation from
solutions), dry (solid-phase synthesis), hydrothermal
and sol-gel methods. There is a method for neutralizing
calcium oxide with acid in an aqueous solution, in which
hydroxyapatite is obtained by precipitating the product
with orthophosphoric and hydrofluoric acids. The
concentration of carbonate ions in the solution is
maintained constant by introducing Ca(HCO3)2. The
synthesis is carried out at a temperature of 8-10°C,
which ensures a particle size of the order of 35-60 nm
[Pat. No. 2179437 RU. IPC A 61 K 7/16, A 61 K 33/06.
Using scanning electron microscopy, a tight fixation of
the Nanofluor varnish layer on the tooth surface was
established, while the drug penetrates into the dentinal
tubules and causes their obturation. The results of a
study of the effectiveness of remineralization therapy
using the drug “Apadent” containing nano
-
hydroxyapatite have appeared. It has been established
that a course of remineralizing therapy with the drug
"Apadent Professional®", which includes nano-sized
hydroxyapatite particles, has a pronounced therapeutic
effect in restoring the integrity of the enamel. The
effectiveness of using a drug based on nanocrystalline
medical hydroxyapatite to restore the integrity of the
enamel after the end of treatment using fixed
orthodontic equipment. The effectiveness of using
Apadent Total Care toothpaste containing medical
nano-hydroxyapatite has been confirmed. In the
experiment, the Bass brushing method was used for 3
months with a brushing duration of at least 3.5 minutes
[Evaluation of the effectiveness of long-term use of
toothpaste.
“Amorphous,
carbonated
and
fluorinated
hydroxyapatite for toothpastes” is proposed, the
composition of which includes a synthesized inorganic
material with the structure of hydroxyapatite,
containing, as can be seen from the formula, carbonate
and fluorine groups:
Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2-x-y(CO3)x/2Fy, where x=0.01-0.3;
y=0.01-0.4 (1)
According to the authors, the resulting material is close
in chemical composition to tooth enamel and is
completely compatible with the human div, and
therefore can be used in toothpastes. However, this
material has low adhesion and mineralizing ability.
A preparation has been developed that can be used for
the production of toothpastes and powders. It
represents an aqueous suspension of nano-sized
material with a hydroxyapatite structure, including
carbonate, fluorine groups and tricalcium phosphate:
(Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 -x-y(Ca3)x/2Fy)0.9×(Ca3(PO4)2)0.1
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
153
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajsshr
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research (ISSN: 2771-2141)
where x=0.01-0.3; y=0.01-0.4 (2). Particle sizes with a
maximum in the region of 10-25 nm. To obtain the
product, calcium hydroxide (at 2-5°C) is neutralized in
an inert atmosphere of an aqueous-alcohol solution
with a mixture of orthophosphoric and hydrofluoric
acids, and at the last stage the neutralization rate is
sharply increased. The resulting substance is close in
chemical composition to tooth enamel and is
completely biocompatible with human tissue.
Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite is synthesized by
various methods, including: wet (precipitation from
solutions), dry (solid-phase synthesis), hydrothermal
and sol-gel methods. There is a method for neutralizing
calcium oxide with acid in an aqueous solution, in which
hydroxyapatite is obtained by precipitating the product
with orthophosphoric and hydrofluoric acids. The
concentration of carbonate ions in the solution is
maintained constant by introducing Ca(HCO3)2. The
synthesis is carried out at a temperature of 8-10°C,
which ensures a particle size of the order of 35-60 nm
[Pat. No. 2179437 RU. IPC A 61 K 7/16, A 61 K 33/06.
Amorphous,
carbonated
and
fluorinated
hydroxyapmite for toothpastes and a method for its
preparation. Today in our country there is a known
method for producing medical nanocrystalline silicon-
containing hydroxyapatite with an average crystal size
of 3-30 nm, with a specific surface of 20-130 m2/g,
which has high biocompatibility and bioresorbability. It
has been established that the introduction of silicate
ions into the crystal lattice of HAP leads to a decrease
in the crystal size by almost 3-6 times [Pat. No. 2500840
RU. IPC C 30 B 29/14, C 01 B 25/32, C 01 B 33/24, A 61
L 27/12, B 82 B 3/00, B 82 Y 30/00. Method for
producing nanocrystalline silicon-substituted It has
been established that “Si
-
HAP”, being a biocompatible
material, does not cause changes in surrounding
tissues. A tendency has also been established to
increase the bioresorbability of “Si
-
HAP” in the case of
increasing the degree of substitution of phosphate ions
with silicate ions. Colloidal chemical aspects of the
synthesis of hydroxyapatite modified with silicate ions.
REFERENCES
ИНДИАМИНОВА Г. Н. АҚЛИ ЗАИФ БОЛАЛАР МАХСУС
МАКТАБ ИНТЕРНАТЛАРИ ТАРБИЯЛАНУВЧИЛАРИГА
СТОМАТОЛОГИК ЁРДАМ КЎРСАТИШДА МАХСУС IT
-
ДАСТУРЛАРНИ ИШЛАБ ЧИҚИШ ХАМДА УНИНГ
САМАРАДОРЛИГИНИ
БАХОЛАШ
//ЖУРНАЛ
БИОМЕДИЦИНЫ
И ПРАКТИКИ. –
2022.
–
Т. 7. –
№. 6.
ИНДИАМИНОВА Г. Н. ЯКУБОВА СР ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ
МЕСТНЫХ
ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫХ
МЕТОДОВ
ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ КАРИЕСА ПОСТОЯННЫХ ЗУБОВ У
ДЕТЕЙ
С
УМСТВЕННЫМИ
ОТКЛОНЕНИЯМИ
//ЖУРНАЛ БИОМЕДИЦИНЫ И ПРАКТИКИ. –
2022.
–
Т. 7. –
№. 6.Ризаев Ж. А., Назарова Н. Ш., Кубаев А.
С. Особенности течения заболеваний полости рта у
работников
производства
стеклопластиковых
конструкций //Вестник науки и образования. –
2020.
–
№. 21
-1 (99).
–
С. 79
-82.
Ризаев
Ж.,
Шомуродов
К.,
Агзамова
С.
МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ
РЕАБИЛИТАЦИЯ
БОЛЬНЫХ
С
ПЕРЕЛОМАМИ СКУЛО
-
ОРБИТАЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА
//Журнал стоматологии и краниофациальных
исследований. –
2020.
–
Т. 1. –
№. 2. –
С. 8
-11.
Ризаев Э., Бекжанова О. Современные подходы к
организации лечения заболеваний пародонта
//Stomatologiya.
–
2019.
–
Т. 1. –
№. 3 (76). –
С. 70
-76.
Индиаминова Г., Зоиров Т. MAXSUS YORDAMCHI
MAKTABLARDA
TARBIYALANUVCHI
AQLI
ZAIF
BOLALARGA STOMATOLOGIK YORDAM KO’RSATISHNI
OPTIMALLASHTIRISH //Журнал стоматологии и
краниофациальных исследований. –
2020.
–
Т. 1. –
№
. 1.
–
С. 12
-14.
Abduvakilov J. et al. EVALUATION OF EARLY
INFLAMMATORY CHANGES IN THE PERIODON OF THE
BASIC TEETH //European journal of molecular
medicine.
–
2022.
–
Т. 2. –
№. 1.
Abduvakilov J. et al. EFFECTS OF NON-METAL NON-
CERAMIC DENTAL PROSTHETICS ON SALIC ACID
BALANCE AND MINERAL HOMEOSTASIS //European
journal of molecular medicine.
–
2022.
–
Т. 2. –
№. 1.
Abduvakilov J. et al. EFFECTS OF NON-METAL NON-
CERAMIC DENTAL PROSTHETICS ON SALIC ACID
BALANCE AND MINERAL HOMEOSTASIS //European
journal of molecular medicine.
–
2022.
–
Т. 2. –
№. 1.
