Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
19
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
19-22
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article describes the Khorezm School of Pottery, its master-apprentice system, and the traditions associated with
the master-apprentice.
KEYWORDS
Buried, pottery, master, types of patterns, S.P. Tolstov, V.V. Bartold.
INTRODUCTION
The wheel must rotate smoothly and the hand
movement must be smooth, otherwise the dish or
other item may not come out as expected. It used to
take 6-8 years of training for this. They diligently
studied the master's every move, and only after
receiving the white blessing did they become masters
and produce their own products. Folk crafts were
passed down from generation to generation, and only
the owners of the generation knew the subtle secrets
of this profession. In particular, there must be some
secrets in cooking and decorating tiles, and those tiles
have not lost their color, brightness and luster to this
day. Unfortunately, the efforts of our scientists and
skilled potters are now in vain. The tile becomes dull
and discolored over the years. This is related to efforts
to eliminate the craft as an old fashioned thing in the
time of the former Shura. In the second half of the 20th
century, the proper Shura government tried to restore
Research Article
MASTER-DISCIPLE TRADITIONS IN POTTERY AND RITUALS RELATED TO
POTTERY
Submission Date:
July 05, 2024,
Accepted Date:
July 10, 2024,
Published Date:
July 15, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume04Issue07-04
Allayarov Nuraddin
Student of Urgench innovation university, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
20
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
19-22
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
the artistic craft with a series of decisions, but in the
meantime there was a generation gap and the secrets
were "buried". After gaining independence, great
attention is being paid to restoring ancient traditions
and preserving monuments.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Khiva and Kattabog pottery is one of the less studied
subjects. The scientific study of the history of Khorezm
crafts began in the second half of the 19th century.
After conquering Central Asia, Czarist Russia began to
study the history, culture, and natural possibilities of
Central Asia for various purposes.
During the Soviet period, in 1920-1950, V. V. Bartold,
S.P. Tolstov, Weimarn, Denike, Y. Gulomov studied the
history, archeology, ethnography and architecture of
Khorezm. Although this topic is not specifically studied
in the works of these authors, important information is
found that serves to reveal the topic. Here is S.P.
Tolstov.[1] It is necessary to highlight the services of
Khorezm archeology and ethnography expedition led
by The materials of the expedition and the works of
Tolstov provide valuable information about the ancient
period of Khorezm applied art.
RESULTS
It is not for nothing that it is said in our people that "A
master without a disciple is a tree without fruit". Based
on this, below we present a narration from the
language of master potters:[2] "Once upon a time, a
father gave his son an apprenticeship, saying, "The
condition is this: the potter's bread is sweet, but the
work is hard. He will be with me for exactly two years.
That's when he thoroughly learns the secrets of this
profession. You need to be patient and resilient,
pottery is not an easy profession. It is necessary to
create an item from ordinary clay. So two years! Do you
agree?" "We agree!" said father and son. The father left
with a blessing on his face. A son remained. He started
to learn the trade by walking next to the master, and it
seems that it is a "normal job" that he learns in two
months, not two years. "I'm leaving," said the
apprentice shortly after, "I'm done studying, I'll open a
shop myself!" "Okay - said the master - but I can't give
you a blessing, you haven't learned anything yet, you
can leave!" Thus, the apprentice left before the
contract expired. He went and built a workshop,
opened a shop, and sold the items he worked on.
However, it is unlikely that anyone will buy it, let alone
go near it. What's up? How was this oil? The son is
surprised, the father's face is blue. "Didn't I tell you not
to come without the master's blessing!" Where is your
learned trade, where is the buyer, where is the trade?!"
After rubbing, father and son went to the teacher
again. "Okay," said the master, "respecting your age
and the whiteness of your beard, I will take your son."
But this is the condition - it has to go for two years!"
Agreed. The boy is no longer paying attention to
Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
21
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
19-22
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
anything and has begun to learn a trade with the
master.
Mixing clay, making a bowl or other dishes, cooking in
a steam room, familiar things. But this time he
endured. Two years later, he asked his master, "Can I
leave now?" he asked. The master said, "Here's a good
repairman!" said, the student immediately corrected it.
"No!" said the master - it won't happen. You haven't
learned to walk by my side for so long. Look, this is the
last time I teach. I will not repeat it again." The master
has started work. The disciple began to observe his
every action very carefully and attentively. Once,
before putting the finished dish in the oven to cook,
the master shouted "Poof!" said. Eh! The disciple did
not do just that. He understood that if the dish is not
blown and dusted when it is put in the bathroom, it will
not look good, it will be dirty, and nodiv wants to buy
an ugly dish. When the young man understood this, the
master gave him a white blessing. After that, his work
went away!
Ollanazar brother and his relatives keep the tradition of
"master-disciple" in order to continue the profession.
- I, Bahadir Otajonov, Odilbek Rahimov, and Irodakhon
Sadullayeva have achieved the status of masters and
are teaching the secrets of the craft to our children.
Our nephews Yashinbek and Zufarbek Otajonov,
Sherzodbek Sadullayev, Otabek Rahimov, Madiyor
Otajonov are the representatives of the eighth
generation of potters.[3] Ollanazar Sadullayev never
gets tired of talking proudly about his dynasty. Tries to
be a worthy successor of the dynasty. The master
participated in a number of international seminars and
exhibitions organized by UNESCO. As a member of the
Academy of Arts of Uzbekistan, the Union of
Craftsmen of Uzbekistan, he always shares his
experience in creating masterpieces of folk art. His
pamphlet "Kattabog Blue Pottery School" is one of the
best works on the history of pottery.
Currently, the master-apprentice tradition continues in
Khorezm, especially in the Khiva and Kattabog pottery
schools. Skilled masters teach their profession to their
enthusiastic students without leaving all their secrets.
Masters take students who come to learn from their
heart. Disciples follow the master until they receive his
mastery blessing. Apprentices work for 2-3 years to
become skilled craftsmen. Sometimes it lasted up to 5-
6 years. Pupils studied hard and patiently. To become a
master, you need to receive blessings from 7 different
master craftsmen. This tradition is one of the oldest.
CONCLUSION
The development of the Khorezm Pottery School
during the years of independence, the condition and
social position of one of the types of crafts in the
conditions of the new market economy, and the
formation and development of non-traditional types
were studied within the scope of this qualification
Volume 04 Issue 07-2024
22
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
07
P
AGES
:
19-22
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
graduation work. In 1990-2016, the adaptation of
applied decorative art of Uzbekistan to the conditions
of the market economy, the aspects of artistic
processes, the stylistic directions of folk masters and
creators of non-traditional decorative art were studied.
Among the pottery schools and centers in the territory
of the republic, the Khorezm Pottery School and its
Khiva and Kattabog Pottery Centers, which have their
own unique traditions, have a special place. It is
distinguished from other schools by its style of work,
color and types of patterns.
REFERENCES
1.
Tolstov S.P. My work Khorezm archaeological-
ethnographic expedition of the USSR in 1949-1953.
//TXAEE. T. 2. -M., "Nauka". 1958. -S. 143-163.
2.
Bobojonov D., Abdullaev M. Khorezm masters of
applied arts. Khiva: "Khorazm Ma'mun Academy
Publishing House", 2010. 17 18 p.
3.
Field notes. Ollanazar Sadullayev, a member of the
Academy of Arts of Uzbekistan. The seventh
generation of the pottery dynasty of Kattabog.
Kattabog village, Yangiariq district, Khorezm
region. 2016 year.
