Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
34
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
34-41
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The digital economy is an economic activity in which the main factor in production and service is information in the
form of numbers, and with the help of processing a large amount of information and analyzing the result of this
processing, various types of production, service, technologies, devices, is to implement solutions that are more
efficient than the previous system in storage, delivery of products. In other words, the digital economy is an activity
connected with the development of digital computer technologies in the provision of online services, electronic
payments, Internet trade, crowdfunding and other types of industries. The article, in the study of the place of digital
platforms in the world economy, comparative historical analysis, market capitalization of top and bottom companies,
transnational in the analysis of development trends of companies based on digital platforms, statistical mathematical,
statistical grouping and comparison of Internet coverage in regions methods were used. Also, the Internet is based
on the development of the digital economy traffic usage situation is explained on the basis of dynamic analysis.
KEYWORDS
Online services, electronic payments, Internet trade, crowdfunding, production of robots, 3D printers, driverless cars,
electronic government, digital city.
INTRODUCTION
Research Article
STRATEGIES OF DIFFERENT COUNTRIES IN THE FIELD OF DIGITAL
ECONOMY
Submission Date:
May 12, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 17, 2023,
Published Date:
May 22, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume03Issue05-08
Murotjonova Mubina Dilshod Qizi
Jizzakh Branch Of The National University Of Uzbekistan Named After Mirzo Ulugbek, Faculty Of
“
Psychology
”, 5230100
- Economy (By Industries And Sectors), Student Of Group 140-20, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
35
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
34-41
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Many developed countries, realizing the inevitability of
the changes that must take place, are consciously
starting a rapid movement towards the digitization of
the economy. The USA, Japan, Korea and China, which
were among the first to announce this direction, are
today unofficial leaders in the digital race. Great
Britain, the countries of the European Union, Canada,
Australia, Belarus and others are in the next place.
However, if we pay attention to their strategic
documents and development programs, it turns out
that they do not include:
1. The development of the digital economy is expressed
in the concept and its tactical and strategic view;
2. Definition or digital economy paradigm that clearly
and clearly reflects all aspects of the digital economy;
3. Describe how the digital economy affects the
existing economy (in addition to increasing labor
productivity);
4. It may happen in other areas under the influence of
the digital economy describe the main quantitative and
qualitative changes.
Combining these facts, we are obliged to note that any,
including even in the leading countries, there is no
complete philosophical understanding of what the
digital economy is and what consequences it may have
in the future. It seems that many countries do not
mean new forms of economic relations and
management by the term digital economy, but rather
new digital forms of communication and payments
with consumers. It seems that most countries do not
consciously organize a digital economy, but only
engage in the process of digitizing existing economic
relations. This activity is not considered a goal-directed
process of creating a digital economy, despite the
obvious degree of obsolescence.
Some of the leading countries in the digitalization of
the economy have chosen opposite approaches. For
example, the USA has chosen a market orientation,
and China has chosen a planned economy. The rest of
the countries follow certain intermediate options. It is
worth noting that, just like China, from the point of
view of the US program, we see a new stage of
globalization in the process of digitalization of the
economy. As the two most powerful economies in the
world, globalization is beneficial for the United States
and China, because the economically stronger player
will always have the opportunity to demonstrate its
superiority. If we look more closely at the strategy of
the United States in this area, digital It becomes known
that the process of organizing the economy can be
divided into four main blocks:
1. Creation of conditions for the development of the
digital economy (organization of the regulatory and
legal framework);
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
36
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
34-41
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
2. Creation of digital economy platforms in economic
entities that are most ready to be transformed into this
field;
3. Realization of mutual competition of digital
economy platforms and their gradual integration;
4. All the most promising solutions in the field of digital
economy introducing into the economy.
This strategy has justified itself for the United States
for the following reasons
appears to be: the US has significant economic and
technological advantages over the rest of the world
due to having; in building the infrastructure of the
digital economy, the United States uses Google,
Facebook, because Amazon can rely on high-tech
multinational corporations like Intel; it is possible to
develop the digital economy in order to benefit the
country and the company from the potential of the
USA, and for this there should be a sufficient number
of private companies. However, this strategy has
obvious shortcomings, one of the main of which is the
considerable length of the process of forming a mature
digital economy. Another unofficial leader, China, has
largely chosen the opposite strategy, the planned
development of the digital economy. A closer look at
this phenomenon reveals that China’s announce
d
strategy consists of two parallel and unrelated
directions:
1. Digitization of production due to introduction of
industrial Internet;
2. Using Internet opportunities to further expand the
sales market;
3. The selected strategy includes the following four
main components: total digitization of logistics and
production;
4. Development of a legal framework for the digital
economy;
5. Digitization of management systems, creation of
digital platforms;
6. Optimally integrate digital platforms and
ecosystems into the common space integration.
It is one of the issues of strategic importance that
determines its global competitiveness. It should be
recognized that the most acceptable measure for
Uzbekistan today is to get rid of technological
backwardness in a short period of time. Currently, due
to the lack of the required number of economic entities
in our country, there are no conditions for the
formation of a mature and full-fledged digital economy
by itself. This means that it is necessary to create
conditions for the development of the digital economy
in our country, to direct it to the most necessary areas,
and to stimulate this process to the extent possible.
Another important distinguishing feature of the
national economy is that the main part of GDP is
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
37
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
34-41
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
created by state corporations (or companies with a
large share of state participation). In many sectors of
production, players with state participation can make
up to 80% of the market. In such conditions, the
creation of industrial digital platforms under the
leadership of relevant ministries or state corporations
is considered the most reasonable step. Such
platforms create the necessary infrastructure base for
the rapid development of the digital economy and the
wide spread of technologies compatible with it. In the
development of digital economy platforms, it is
necessary to focus on the following areas: transport,
telecommunications, energy, data processing, health
care, medicine pharmaceutical logistics, tourism,
foreign
economic
activity,
real
estate
and
manufacturing. It is the development of these areas
that
will
allow
creating
infrastructure
and
technological base, transferring them to other areas,
Uzbekistan can develop a mature digital economy as
quickly as possible. Such an approach seems to be the
most appropriate for our republic today, but it is not
without flaws, of course. In order to form a concept of
the digital economy on which a suitable strategy
should be based, it is necessary to take into account
both the estimated road risks and the risks of the
digital economy.
As a conclusion to this chapter, we would like to say
that many programs of the digital economy of
developed countries (USA, Austria, Australia, Great
Britain, Korea, etc.) focused on the social directions of
“digital medicine” and “smart city”. The direction of
development of such projects does not have a serious
economic effect, but this situation can be justified by a
number of arguments:
Firstly, any large-scale development program must be
approved and supported by the public in an open,
Western-style society. Therefore, the development of
the digital economy goes under the sign of such social
projects;
Secondly, the introduction of digital technologies in
large industries will happen sooner or later due to
economic expediency. And social projects need
support from the state (that is, what is reasonable is
reasonable, and what is reasonable is reasonable);
Thirdly, most developed countries will have significant
technological foundations that will enable the
implementation of the digital economy in a certain
form. As a result of the implementation of large-scale
social projects, feedback from a large number of non-
specialist users is obtained, which allows to improve
technologies from the user’s point of view and make
them accessible to wide segments of the population;
Fourthly, the implementation of digital technologies in
industry (for example, the Internet of Things in
production, large-scale introduction of 3D printers in
production) is expected to solve a rather narrow range
of
tasks. Implementation of “Digital Medicine” and
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
38
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
34-41
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
“Smart City” social projects requires more complexity
and diversity, and such projects are appreciated by the
general public. Such a “social stress test” is necessary
for all modern technologies, especially from the point
of view of the management system. Thanks to the
above-mentioned ideas and ideas, the importance of
these social directions for the social environment is, in
our opinion, much clearer to the reader. But their
digital economy remains unclear what place it should
have in the republican program. At an early stage, due
to limited resources, it is likely that decisions will need
to be made about where efforts should be directed,
that is, we have two paths: one is to engage in the
social adaptation of technologies, and the second is
the way to increase the local technological base.
According to the predictions of the international
development community, in the coming years, a third
of the companies currently ranked among the top
twenty countries in most sectors will use its e-
platforms to create new services and business models,
reconstructed “old” companies and new contenders.
feels serious competition. It is estimated that in a few
decades, the industrial stage of the growth of the
world economy will end, and its future development
will be more influenced by production based on the
principles
of
"lean
production",
additive,
nanotechnologies, and biotechnology. begins to be
implemented. Accordingly, the volume of information
required for the development and adoption of
management decisions will increase further, the
management structure for the production of goods
and services will be reformatted, and major changes
will occur in the system of interactions between the
population and business with state bodies will give. In
this case, the following are the main factors at the
stage of transition to a positive direction of social and
economic development:
•
implementation of the electronic government
concept;
•
complex transport, housing and communal
servi
ces and others to implement the idea of “digital
city” based on informatization implementation;
•
mass appearance of new technological
generation goods on the market to be (for example,
production of robots, 3D printers, driverless cars, etc.);
•
increasing the scope of use of 3D printers in
production and household;
•
implementation of the idea of building “smart”
and extremely ecological housing, which requires a
large amount of new finishing and building materials;
•
increase in demand for innovative medical
drugs related to div rejuvenation and treatment;
•
various forms of alternative and free
employment, including the spread of outsourcing
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
39
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
34-41
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
(accounting services, programming, translation,
banking services, free creative activities, etc.);
•
creation of a large number of professional
networks where potential employe
rs’ various orders.
The listed factors are related to the reduction of costs
in management and production through the use of
digital economy platforms, which can be considered as
a set of products and electronic services.
First of all, we are talking about the ordering of
services, joint use of resources, selection of
counterparties, e-commerce, payments and similar
platforms. Technologically, the digital economy
represents an environment in which legal entities and
individuals can interact in joint activities. In the field of
services, digital technologies are able to perform
exemplary tasks with large-scale operations cheaply,
conveniently and without intermediaries, such as Uber
taxi ordering (“Uberization” of business), e
-
commerce, internet banking, etc. In many areas of the
economy, middlemen can be replaced with automatic
network services (a website or mobile application that
works well enough) to increase the level of
profitability. In addition to allowing for a significant
reduction in the cost of services, this type of business
organization can lead to a new economic structure
dominated by underemployment and various forms of
individual
production.
Crowdfunding
and
crowdsourcing technologies to be considered as digital
economy technologies elimination of intermediaries,
the development of the Internet and the creation of
“smart” automated services
- these are also the
transition from an economy based on obtaining added
value to an economy based on cooperation and
exchange of benefits (including the “sh
aring
economy”). Therefore, competition gives way to
mutually beneficial cooperation and mutual relations,
and is based not on vertical relations, but on equal
relations, providing complementary services. This
leads to an increase in the volume and volume of
electronic trade and services. According to experts of
the World Bank, a 10% increase in the number of high-
speed Internet users can increase the annual GDP
growth from 0.4% to 1.4%. The share of the country’s
GDP in the form of e-economy increases by almost 20%
per year, which is a recognition of the importance of
such an economy. In developed countries, this
indicator is seven percent on average. According to
forecasts, the share of such an economy in the world
GDP may reach 30-40% after 10-15 years with the
growth rate maintained. New social models for
organizing interactions based on the integration of
modern
information
platforms
lead
to
the
embodiment of economic technologies in the example
of NET. We can state that the main principles of NET
are as follows:
•
emergence of completely new business models;
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
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American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
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VOLUME
03
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SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
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)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
•
various information technologies and from them in
the real sector of the economy optimal use in
organizational and technological processes;
•
transaction costs and capital used in development
minimization of resources.
Digital economy is based on modern information
technologies and real economic develops according to
the conditions. If previously the technologies of
production, trade and finance developed consistently,
by now, they mainly depend on horizontal interactions
(self-organization
and
singularity),
innovative
entrepreneurship (self-development), information
engineering (self-NET, which is the basis of modern
information economy based on auto-formalization
(auto-structuring) of economic processes, appeared.
The material basis of NET is data centers and modern
IT-platforms designed for information systematization
and analytical processing. The development of
“providing” services for business analysis and
management consulting is also of urgent importance in
the digital economy. Bund is the organizational basis
for improving the business environment of new
organizations - information-consulting services and
state development agencies.
According to a survey conducted by IHTT in 2016 in 32
member countries and 6 other partner countries, only
some of them have a strategy, plan or program for the
development of the digital economy. Since September
2017, the Australian government has announced the
launch of the Digital Economy Strategy. In the USA, it
was announced about the formation of the digital
economy agenda in 2015 (digital economy agenda), in
2016, the Council of Advisors on the Digital Economy
was established under the Ministry of Commerce,
which performs the development of the Internet,
information security, promotion of innovations and
other functions carried out by private businesses. The
IHTT countries have developed a system of indicators
that describe the following directions in order to
estimate the level of development of the digital
economy:
•
development of the high-tech sector of the
economy, its weight in the products and services of
the processing industry;
•
investments in scientific developments, software
development, education and additional retraining
costs;
•
production of information and communication
equipment, creation of signs in the field of science
and high technologies, indicators of cooperation
between corporations, venture firms, universities
and research organizations;
•
international knowledge flows, international
cooperation in the field of science and innovation;
mobility of scientists, engineers, students;
•
dynamics of the spread of the Internet;
•
the share of high-tech products in international
trade.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
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American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
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2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
34-41
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Growing information flows to economic and social
development. The universality of their influence allows
us to talk about them as the leading resource of
economic growth of modern society. We can
distinguish four criteria of the analysis of the digital
economy that are considered by different researchers
to one degree or another:
•
criteria related to the field of employment;
•
macongaoid criterion;
•
technological criteria;
•
economic criteria.
In this case, although researchers often put forward
one or another definition that fits their imagination,
there may be criteria that complement each other.
However, most definitions are based on the belief that
quantitative changes in the field of data processing will
lead to qualitatively new socio-economic relations.
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