Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
1
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
01-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the article is to show the importance of toys in the development of a preschool child's personality and
to clarify the basic requirements for the selection and placement of play equipment in kindergarten. It should be noted
that a toy is not often considered as a subject of scientific research, since it is perceived mainly as an integral part of
the game reality, as an element of the game. Quite often, adults do not attach serious importance to a children's toy,
and in fact it is intended not only for leisure and entertainment. It should be noted that the toy contributes to the
socialization of a person in society, allows the formation of a child's personality, conveys socio-cultural historical
experience.
KEYWORDS
Games, toys, children's toys, personality development, preschool age, play environment.
INTRODUCTION
A toy is an indispensable companion of any child's life,
not only develops and brings
up positive qualities in him, but also is a good friend
and partner in the game. The toy has a huge impact on
the personality of the child, especially on his psyche, is
a source of joy, causing a different emotional attitude.
The toy not only gives knowledge about the
surrounding reality, but also introduces to the cultural
Research Article
THE VALUE OF TOYS IN THE GAME OF A PRESCHOOLER
Submission Date:
April 01, 2023,
Accepted Date:
April 05, 2023,
Published Date:
April 10, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume03Issue04-01
Ibragimova Gulchekhra Anvarovna
Gulistan State University Faculty Of Pedagogy 2nd Year Student, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
2
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
01-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
traditions of the people engaged in the manufacture of
children's toys. The importance of toys as an important
means of mental development of a preschool child is
recognized by many researchers, educators and
psychologists. We emphasize that folk pedagogy also
used a toy to introduce children to the environment
and introduce them to the world of adults. A game and
a toy are obligatory companions of childhood. As
indicated N.K. Krupskaya, every child needs a game,
this need can be explained by the fact that in this way
the child seeks to get to know others, imitating adults
and showing active actions.
MАTЕRIАLS АND MЕTHОDS
In preschool age, play is the leading activity of children.
The child spends a lot of time in the game. It causes
significant changes in his psyche. “Play is important in
a child's life, it has the same meaning as an adult has
activity, work, service. What a child is like in the game,
so in many ways he will be at work when he grows up.
Therefore, the upbringing of a future adult takes place
primarily in the game ...”
A game and a toy are inseparable concepts. A toy is an
object specially created for children's games. But this is
not a reduced copy of a real object, but a conditional
image of it, an extremely generalized artistic image.
Expressive
form,
mobility,
brightness
and
conventionality of coloring
—
all this attracts the child
to the toy, causes a desire to play with it. A toy is a
source of joy for a child. According to the definition of
L. S. Makarenko, a toy is the material basis of the game.
Playing, the child realizes his thoughts, feelings in
action, and therefore, the direction of his thoughts,
feelings, and actions largely depends on what he plays,
what toys fall into his hands. Toys are of particular
importance in the life of children of younger preschool
age, as they are an incentive to play, its organizing
principle: a doll encourages them to play mother-
daughter, a car
—
a chauffeur. The content of the
game depends on toys; they serve as a support for the
development of creative imagination. Recognizing
familiar objects in toys, the child gets the opportunity
to combine his ideas, process and actively assimilate
new impressions. The repetition of these impressions
in different combinations with the help of toys helps to
form general ideas and makes it easier for the child to
understand the connection between different
phenomena of life. A toy, an object intended for play.
Recreating real and imaginary objects, images, the toy
serves the purposes of mental, moral, aesthetic and
physical education. The toy helps the child to learn
about the world around him, teaches him to
purposeful, meaningful activity, promotes the
development of thinking, memory, speech, emotions.
The toy is widely used in educational work with
children, in particular for the development of
children's, technical and artistic creativity. The types,
nature, content and design of toys are determined by
specific educational tasks in relation to the age of
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
3
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
01-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
children, taking into account their development and
interests.
By the age of 3, the baby begins to assimilate the
functional purpose of objects. And where, if not in the
game, can he most sensitively learn that they are
sitting on a chair and eating from a plate? Therefore, it
is necessary to expand the set of children's toys with
dishes and furniture. It should be close to the size of a
child, but be lighter. The child strives to live an adult
life, so help him. A toy representation of real life will
allow the child to easily get used to further in the team
of peers and fully develop both emotionally and
intellectually. By the age of 3, the toys living with the
child should increase in size: a large doll, a large car, a
large toy animal. The set of toys must include all kinds
of pyramids, constructors. These toys themselves tell
the child how to act with them.
By the age of 4-5, all kinds of sets of families, soldiers,
and animals begin to arouse the child's lively interest.
The child begins to come up with different versions of
games with them. Gaming preferences begin to be
divided by gender: boys choose cars and weapons, and
girls dolls and everything related to them. But both of
them continue to develop an interest in various types
of mosaics and lotto. By the age of 6, the child awakens
an interest in modeling, designing. How does the game
affect the development of a child's personality?
- In the game, the child learns to communicate and
interact with peers, acquires new qualities that are
needed for successful communication;
- The ability to invent various games yourself is
influenced by the child's imagination. The better the
imagination is developed; the more interesting games
the child will come up with. Other children are
attracted to those who can compose interesting
games, and this develops a child's sociability and
sociability, makes him a leader among a certain group
of kids;
- The game is the most interesting thing in the life of
every child, so it is in the form of a game that the most
necessary qualities for later life develop: obedience to
the rules, compliance with the role assumed, memory
development, purposefulness;
- In the game, we often note the reflection of our adult
relationships, because even playing "shop", one child
will behave in a measured, polite manner, and the
other will quarrel and sort things out. A preschooler
cannot come up with such tactics of behavior himself
—
surely this is a projection of your relationship with
other people. Perhaps you do not notice many nuances
in your behavior, but by the way the child behaves in
the game, you can note some deviations in the
negative side. Change your behavior and the style of
play will also change;
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
4
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
01-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
- The game is extremely important as a means of
developing responsibility, comparing thoughts with
actions,
calculating
possible
consequences,
mindfulness, and developing arbitrary perception.
Through the game, the child learns to control his
emotions, behavior, compare them with the behavior
of other children;
-The child will quickly understand this truth: to play
with other children, you need to obey the rules of the
game. Due to his zeal for communicating with peers,
the child learns to be disciplined, which requires a lot
of effort from him;
- The role of the game is especially important in the
development of the personality of the leader and the
personality of the slave, because these qualities are
one of the most important in life. If your child is a
leader, he will immediately take the initiative, offer a
lot of options for a variety of games, take "command"
into his own hands. If your baby is a slave, then he will
perfectly obey the rules that others have come up with.
If you don't like your child's statement, teach him to be
a leader, and you can see the results of your efforts
during the game;
- If a child is playing with toys, then this is the most
successful case in order to teach the baby to share
them, eradicate greed, and also teach him to clean up
after himself;
- In the game, the child develops the best thinking, the
ability to calculate his next step, to anticipate the
behavior of another person.
RЕSULTS АND DISСUSSIОN
Thus, a toy is an attribute for children's play and at the
same time, an important pedagogical tool that has a
huge educational and developmental value [1]. In a
children's game, the toy plays a key role: it allows you
to simulate, display real actions of adults (the driver
needs a car, the pilot needs an airplane). This is its main
purpose: performing active actions, self-realization,
expressing one's own thoughts and feelings [10]. A
good toy motivates a child to think, setting him a
variety of game tasks, and thereby developing initiative
and cognitive abilities. For example, a technical toy
demonstrates the device of a particular car or bicycle,
a way to set it in motion, i.e. introduces the elements
of mechanics. Building materials and constructors,
models for making homemade toys develop creative
constructive abilities, stimulate the development of
spatial orientation and logical thinking. A special place
in this sense belongs to Lego construction and
robotics, the development of which significantly
expands the technical knowledge of preschoolers and,
due to their huge developing potential, today
represents one of the promising areas of preschool
education. The main feature of any toy is that it
contains in a generalized form typical features,
properties of the object, according to which a child in a
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
5
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
01-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
game can reproduce certain actions (a doll is a
generalized image of a person; a bus, a tram are
generalized images of transport; bear, wolf -
generalized images of animals). Toys are thus able to
expand children's horizons, stimulate interest in the
objects and phenomena of reality reflected in it,
develop independence, creativity, dexterity, cultivate
communication skills, friendly relationships, the ability
to coordinate actions with a peer, the ability to manage
them behavior. So, the toy is the subject of children's
fun and entertainment, serves to develop mental,
moral, physical and aesthetic abilities, that is,
contributes to the versatile development of the child.
It helps the child to know the surrounding reality,
promotes the development of his thinking and speech,
awakening of creative initiative. Therefore, a toy
together with a children's book are the first works of
art that enter the lives of children. A toy as a part of
universal culture is the most pedagogically valuable, as
it allows you to develop a comprehensively
harmonious personality of a preschooler.
СОNСLUSIОN
Of course, you can play without toys, but this is the
same as eating immediately from a frying pan, without
a plate, fork and spoon
—
the process is the same, but
with additional elements it is much easier, and in the
case of toys it is much more interesting and exciting. It
is worth giving the child toys of different purposes
every time, so that his inner world is enriched, and
childhood becomes more interesting every time.
RЕFЕRЕNСЕS
1.
"Kindergarten. A book for managers", edited by
L.P.Tarasova. M., 1982.
2.
The game of a preschooler / edited by
S.L.Novoselova - M.: Enlightenment, 1989.
3.
Education
of
children
in
the
game
/
ed.Menzheritskaya D.V. - M.:Enlightenment, 1979.
4.
Linkova N.V. Games, toys and the education of
abilities. M.: Enlightenment, 1969.
5.
A toy in the life of a child / ed. Kossakovskaya E.A.
–
M.: Enlightenment, 1980.
6.
Menzheritskaya D.V. "To the educator about
children's play" / Edited by T.A. Markova - M.:
Enlightenment, 1982
