Volume 03 Issue 01-2023
56
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
56-61
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The present article analyzes hermeneutics through the prism of the linguistic turn that unfolded in the history of the
philosophical tradition in the 20th century, which anticipated the process of rethinking the concept and role of
language in the system of social sciences and humanities.
KEYWORDS
Philosophy, linguistics, philosophical text, hermeneutics, interpretation, language, meaning, meaning, narrative
INTRODUCTION
Throughout
the
historical
and
philosophical
retrospective, the coordinates of all philosophical
questions were reduced to the sole and exclusive goal
of knowledge - the achievement of truth in building an
objectively reliable picture of the world, which is an
extremely complex mechanism of ontological
organization. The formulation of questions focused on
solving eternal philosophical problems encountered
certain difficulties, consisting in the growth of linguistic
bifurcations and dead ends, unable not only to reliably
reflect the truth in all its guises, but also to adequately
express the wording of questions due to the error of
the language itself as a means of explicating abstract
constructions. In this regard, of particular importance
are the aspirations of representatives of analytical
philosophy to reform the language as a means of
organizing and expressing thoughts,
Research Article
HERMENEUTICS THROUGH THE PRISM OF A LINGUISTIC TURN
Submission Date:
January 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
January 25, 2023,
Published Date:
January 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume03Issue01-08
Tyukmaeva Aida Maratovna
Researcher And Lecturer At The Department Of Philosophy And Fundamentals Of Spirituality, National
University Of Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 01-2023
57
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
56-61
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
To date, the problem of understanding the results of
the linguistic turn in the hermeneutical corpus of the
social sciences and humanities is becoming most
relevant due to the growing interest in the structural
organization of the language, its role in the designation
and meaning of concepts clothed in specific forms of
linguistic constructions. The problem of understanding
the correlation of linguistics and philosophical
hermeneutics as sciences focused on comprehending a
huge variety of correlations of thinking, language and
speech in the context of a textual form of narration is
found in the works of G. G. Gadamer, F.
Schleiermacher, R. Rorty, G. Bergman, B. Rssel, L.
Wittgenstein, J. Moore, P. Ricoeur, E. Husserl, W.
Dilthey, J. Derrida, E. Betty, G.G. Shpet, D. Pellauer, E.
Tilson. Among Uzbek scientists, the works of N.A.
Shermukhamedova.
Turning to the philosophical hermeneutic tradition
requires redirecting the focus of attention to
understanding the phenomenon of the linguistic turn,
which had a significant impact on the system of
language procedures. The colossal nature of the
consequences of the linguistic turn, according to
modern researchers of philosophy and science, is
comparable to the revolutionary breakthroughs of the
Cartesian revolution - a decisive methodological
breakthrough, characterized by the rejection of the old
scholastic tools of knowledge. The issues of the
relationship between thinking and language, which
were reflected in the formation of the hypothesis of
linguistic relativity by Edward Sapir and Benjamin
Whorf, have been of great interest since Antiquity, as a
result of the emergence of the first paradoxes - the
aporias of Zeno of Elea and Eubulides of Miletus,
regarding the reliability of understanding concepts,
which are a means of designating objects of objective
reality. Particular attention to the problems of
language in the framework of hermeneutic reflection
arises with the advent of the New Age, which
characterizes the emergence of more and more new
paradoxes, the most striking of which was the
diametrically opposite position regarding the specifics
of the consideration of light, called corpuscular-wave
dualism. The popularization of the ideas of Einstein's
theory of Relativity, which discredited the main
provisions of Newtonian mechanics about the
absolutization of such ontological categories as space
and time, contributed to the collapse of the former
type of scientific rationality based on the ideas of the
indivisibility of the atom. The rapid nature of scientific
discoveries in natural science, associated with the
discovery of the electromagnetic field by Michael
Faraday and James Maxwell, demanded a revision of
the scientific methodology prevailing at that time and
a reassessment of the language of science. The change
in the philosophical prism in relation to the analysis of
the semantic expressions of the language anticipated
the growth of the linguistic turn, the prominent
Volume 03 Issue 01-2023
58
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
56-61
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
representatives of which were both philosophers and
natural scientists.
The term "linguistic turn" was first used by one of the
representatives of the linguo-philosophical tradition,
Gustav von Bergman, but became widely used thanks
to the American philosopher, supporter of analytical
philosophy - Richard Rorty. Bergman considers the
linguistic turn within the framework of a specific type
of rationality oriented towards an ideal language, the
structural organization of which explicates the logical
form of the real world. The wording "turn" contains
the installation of the transformation and deviation of
the language from the normative meaning,
characterized by the loss of its constancy and stability
in favor of a state of uncertainty. The "ideal language"
in this case should be understood as a special
ontological tool that allows you to fully understand the
language used in ordinary speech through the
language reflecting universal categorical structures,
not involved in the system of interpersonal
communication. [1]. The ideality of a language,
according to Bergman, lies in the potential possibility
of expressing non-philosophical descriptive sentences
with its tools, as well as the possibility of
reconstructing philosophical sentences into a system
of propositions of a specific language through their
syntax and interpretation. [2].
The vector of the analytical philosophical tradition,
being one of the most influential trends in Western
European philosophical thought, which became
widespread in the 20th century, sets itself the goal of
analyzing ordinary language from the position of
solving philosophical problems or fundamentally
rejecting the latter in the context of creating a new and
alternative - "ideal language". language." [3] To solve
this problem, it is necessary to clarify the specifics of
the logic and categorical apparatus of philosophy and
philosophical language, which is synthetic and original,
since it incorporates a diverse etymology and a
symbiosis of different styles of narration: artistic,
scientific, official business and journalistic. Of
particular interest is the position of G. Frege, who
admits the existence of an “ideal language” solely f
rom
the standpoint of logic, opposing pragmatics as the
possibility of its applied application. [4] This approach
emphasizes the refusal to create a new “ideal
language”, as well as the position and status of the
ordinary language used at different levels of the
organization by representatives of various directions
and depending on the size and nature of the
questioning: from trivial everyday (everyday) to
philosophical.
The differentiation of different approaches within
analytic philosophy reflects diametrically opposed
lines, anticipating, in the first case, the triumph of
symbolic logic in the person of Bolzano, Frege and
Russell, and the analysis of ordinary language by
Moore, Wittgenstein and Austin. The call to consider
Volume 03 Issue 01-2023
59
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
56-61
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
science from the standpoint of its logic, as opposed to
the search for philosophical problems from the
standpoint of the adequacy of the language used, is
found in the philosophical views of R. Carnap, in which
philosophy acquires the character of a logical analysis
of concepts, patterns, arguments and epistemological
foundations of science. [5] L. Wittgenstein is in
solidarity with this position, discrediting the basis of
the speculative-metaphysical manner of philosophical
practice in the context of its logically meaningful
meaninglessness, abstractness and contemplation,
leading to the emergence of philosophical pseudo-
problems. [6] In this regard, R. Carnap seeks to analyze
statements for their correspondence to meaning and
content - connotations and extrapolation of sentences
to abstractions - formal statements that do not have a
direct pointer to the meaning of symbols (lack of
ostensibility).
Formal
statements,
therefore,
correspond to the specifics of philosophical
knowledge, which causes a lot of problems regarding
their reliable understanding and the search for
appropriate solutions.
The search for universal categories that determine the
process of the unfolding linguistic turn, according to R.
Carnap, focuses on the fact that language as a tool of
explication has a direct correlation with philosophy and
the entire corpus of social sciences and humanities.
The discrediting of the fundamental conceptual
attitudes incorporated into the mainstream of
philosophical reflection in the Renaissance, and the
anticipation of the ascent of new onto-epistemological
foundations of ideological constructs of the 20th
century, marked a reassessment of the theoretical
methodological basis of traditional philosophy, which
has a categorical monopoly on truth. [7]. This position
means the recognition of the reducibility of all
ontological,
epistemological,
anthropological
problems to the linguistic plane containing the
attribute of substantiality in relation to conscious
structures and ways of comprehending the world.
The results of the linguistic turn can be clearly seen in
the trend of rethinking new horizons for
understanding philosophy, history, anthropology,
philology, ethnography and psychology that directly
function within the framework of linguistic reality. This
circumstance contributed to the strengthening of
positions
regarding
the
application
of
an
interdisciplinary approach to the study of reality and
adherence to the principle of "synergy" in building a
scientific picture of the world. According to R. Rorty,
the phenomenon of the linguistic turn was not an
attempt to rethink the content of the meanings and
meanings of metaphilosophical concepts, but a sharp
shift in the coordinates of considering experience from
the standpoint of the quality of meanshis expression
towards his descriptive problematic. [8]
Revealing the dynamics of the consistent development
of the problem of language within the framework of
Volume 03 Issue 01-2023
60
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
56-61
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
the social and humanitarian corpus of reality, the
philosopherdevelops forecasts that characterize the
potential for interaction between the concepts of
hermeneutics and post-structuralism, formed in the
spirit of the Western European philosophical tradition.
The search for answers to questions concerning the
space of measuring the logical and semantic
congruence of language anticipated the process of
popularization of a specific author's vision, which
consists in finding a correlation between the space of
linguistic reality and the dynamics of the historical
process. [9] Combining the methodological div of
the analytical philosophical tradition with hermeneutic
ideological guidelines, R. Rorty discovers the
intersubjective aspect of recreating the conditions of
reality in the process of a communication act of
building conceptual connections in the context of a
certain narrative paradigm.
Summing up, it should be emphasized that the aspects
that reflect the philosophical and hermeneutic
potential of the linguistic turn in the subject field of
ongoing humanitarian research make it possible to
identify significant structural and methodological
changes that anticipate the formulation of a
completely new language problem. Language, being
an extremely complex and multifaceted phenomenon
and a source of a formal sign-symbolic image of a text
as a subject of philosophical hermeneutics, becomes a
source that absorbs the specifics of constructing
philosophical questions that are unsolvable today.
Being at the same time a transfer and peremptory
leader of the expression of the theoretical narrative
tradition,
philosophical
hermeneutics
turns
understanding into the main category of the
intellectual tradition,
Understanding, thus, becomes the center of the
intersection of the dominant intellectual paradigm of
modernity,
adjusting
the
conceptual
and
terminological apparatus of the humanities to the
denominator of hermeneutic methodology. The
mechanism of the impact of linguistic means on the
adequate perception of philosophical, artistic and
scientific texts as a special form of reflection of reality
directly depends on the inventory of hermeneutic
techniques and techniques used. The process of
reconstruction of hermeneutic methods, accompanied
by reflection on the research of topical problems of
interpretation, makes it possible to extrapolate
hermeneutics to almost all spheres of reality, where
there is a need to come into contact with meaning as
the core of human understanding.
In connection with the presented generalizations, it is
possible to formulate a number of recommendations
aimed at increasing attention to the issues of
hermeneutic discourse from the standpoint of
philosophy and linguistics, which consist in a total
revision of the conceptual provisions underlying
classical hermeneutic procedures. The implementation
Volume 03 Issue 01-2023
61
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
56-61
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
of research in the field of hermeneutic issues can be
carried out in the conditions of organizing relevant
scientific events: international scientific and practical
conferences, congresses, scientific projects and
research programs. The use of an interdisciplinary
approach in the research of the hermeneutic corpus of
social sciences and humanities will allow a
comprehensive and universal consideration of their
internal
specifics,
revealing
the
fundamental
determinants that determine the strategies of
hermeneutic procedures.
REFERENCES
1.
Bergmann G. Meaning and existence. Madison,
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2.
Bergmann G. The metaphysics of logical
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3.
Ayer A.D. Language, Truth and Logic (Chapter
6).
—
In the book: Analytical Philosophy.
Selected texts. Moscow: 1993. - 46-p.
4.
Kulabukhova
L.V.
Actual
problems
of
spirituality. // Krivoy Rog, 2006. - 155-164-s
5.
Rudolf Carnap. On the Character of
Philosophical Problems. // Philosophy of
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—
5-19 p.m.
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Wittgenstein L. Philosophical research. -
Moscow: Publishing house: "Gnosis", 1994. -
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Koopman C. Rorty's Linguistic Turn: Why (More
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Contemporary Pragmatism. 2011. - P. 61-84-p.
8.
Rorty R. Chance, irony and solidarity. - Moscow:
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Rorty R. Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. -
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