“Arab tili globallashuv
davrida: innovatsion yondoshuvlar
va
o‘qitish metodikasi”
mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman
430
LINGUOCULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC TRANSLATION ASPECTS OF
PROPER NAMES AND THEIR TRANSLATION FROM ENGLISH INTO
KARAKALPAK LANGUAGE
Najimova Perizad Arslanbay qizi
Uzbekistan State world languages University Assistant teacher
at Translation faculty
perizadnajimova95@gmail.com
Annotatsiya.
Ushbu maqolada turli atoqli otlarni, ayniqsa, geosiyosiy
atamalar va antroponimlarni ingliz tilidan qoraqalpoq tiliga tarjima qilishdagi
dolzarb muammolar hamda bu atamalarni qoraqalpoq tilining oʻziga xos
xususiya
tiga eʼtibor qaratgan holda tarjima qilishning ayrim usullari va yo‘
llari
koʻrib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, transkripsiya, transliteratsiya va milliy moslashuvdan
foydalangan holda tegishli atoqli otlarni tarjima qilishda foydali maslahatlar va
takliflar muhokama qilinadi.
Kalit s
o‘
zlar:
siyosiy tadbirlar, tarjima muammolari, madaniy xususiyatlar,
milliy moslashuv, transkripsiya, transliteratsiya.
Аннотация
.
В данной статье рассматриваются современные
проблемы перевода различных терминов, особенно геополитических терминов
и антропонимов, с английского языка на каракалпакский язык, а также
некоторые методы и способы перевода этих терминов, обращая внимание на
особенность каракалпакского языка. Также обсуждаются полезные советы и
предложения по переводу имен собственных с использованием
транскрипции,
транслитерации и национальной адаптации.
Ключевые
c
лова:
политические события, проблемы перевода,
культурные особенности, национальная адаптация, транскрипция,
транслитерация.
Annotation.
This thesis examines the current problems in translating
different terms, especially in terms of geopolitical terms and antroponyms from
English into Karakalpak language and some methods and ways of translating these
terms paying attention to the peculiar feature of Karakalpak language. It also
discusses useful tips and suggestions in translating proper names using
transcription, transliteration and national adaptation.
Key words:
political events, translation problems, cultural peculiarities,
national adaptation, transcription, transliteration.
Translating geopolitical terms and antroponyms is not a simple process as
it has its own peculiar features and special norms in their translation since it has
a huge political importance as well. It is closely connected not only with political
matters, but also with cultural contents, national understandings and
background.
“Arab tili globallashuv davrida: innova
tsion yondoshuvlar
va
o‘qitish metodikasi”
mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman
431
Translating these types of terms, matters even in diplomatic relations between two
languages, two cultures, two nations and two countries.
The main concern of translation theory is to determine appropriate translation
methods for the widest possible range of texts and to give insight into the translation
process, into the relations between thought and language, culture and speech.
There are several aspects of this branch of linguistics:
•
General theory of translation, whose object is general notions typical of
translation from any language.
•
Specific (or partial, in terms of Holmes) theory of translation that deals with
the regularities of translation characteristic of particular languages
–
for example,
translation from English into Russian and vice versa.
•
Special (partial) theory of translation that pays attention to texts of various
registers and genres. This article explores some suitable strategies and practices for
written translators engaged in political and tourism fields, as well as in translating
at political events, tourism meetings, social events with the nuances of this
demanding profession.
Translating geopolitical terms and antroponyms can be a real challenge for a
translator. Sometimes there
’
s a lack of some letters, some changes in word structure.
Even changes in alphabet plays a huge role in using some methods such as
transcription and transliteration. Let us take an example in terms of antroponyms
(people
’s names) “Joachim Fritz”. When we translate it into Karakalpak language, we
cannot use transcription method since it becomes absolutely different and wrong.
Moreover, it is impossible to translate this name without knowing the meaning and
finding out to which nation this name belongs to. An alternative and more
conventional way to express t
his meaning would be “Yoaxim Fritc?” with the newest
Karakalpak alphabet. In this translation of this word, transcription method suits the
best of all other methods of translation. In some cases we are required to learn the
person specifically who the person is, what kind of position he has etc.
Written translation methods: In these kinds of situations, translators are mostly
expected to use transcription or transliteration methods according to the case and
according to the pronunciation of the terms. Active translating, doing research in some
dictionaries of people
’
s names, dictionaries of geological and geopolitical terms or
toponyms are key strategies for translating such kind of documents, especially in
political events. It is helpful not only in written translation, but also in consecutive and
simultaneous interpretation
.
The terminological systems of many fields of knowledge such as mathematics,
physics, chemistry, biology, geology, medicine, technology contain so-called
eponymic units. Those are terms the structure of which includes the proper names
of outstanding scientists, inventors, doctors, etc. For example: watt
–
ватт,
Weierstrass theorem
–
теорема Вейерштрасса, Marfan syndrome –
синдром
Марфана. If there is a proper name in preposition, it is
translated by an adjective, a
noun in the Genitive case, or a noun with a preposition: Kirchhoff
’
s first law
–
первый
закон Кирхгофа;
“Arab tili globallashuv
davrida: innovatsion yondoshuvlar
va
o‘qitish metodikasi”
mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman
432
London Air Traffic Control Centre
–
Лондонский центр управления
воздушным движением
.
3
In conclusion, the multifaceted nature of interpreting at political events
demands a comprehensive set of skills and strategies. By synthesizing adaptability,
linguistic proficiency, and cultural awareness, interpreters can effectively navigate
the complexities of political discourse. This article aims to contribute to the div of
knowledge in the field of language interpretation, providing practical insights for
interpreters and researchers engaged in interpreting at political events.
Another example: The word “yurt” literally means the
place to live. However,
sometimes we are to translate this realia as “qara úy” (national old type of
Karakalpak house made of wood) into Karakalpak language if the context is about
historical places or cultural peculiarities of Karakalpakstan. In this case, we cannot
use transcription or transliteration method, but we should use national adaptation.
The places such as Ellikkala District (Ellikqala), Akchakol lake (Aqshak
ól). In
karakalpak language they are one single word. But in English it is word collocation.
Because there is an addition to describe what those things actually are so that our
target audience can understand that Ellikqala is the name of district, Akchakol is the
name of a lake in Karakalpakstan.
In conclusion, if the above mentioned methods are not used, the target
audience would not understand their true literal meaning. Because, the translator
’
s
main role is to transfer the original meaning of source language text into target
audience keeping every single detail in source language.
References:
1.
L. Venuti, The Translator
’
s Invisibility: A History of Translation
(Routledge, 2008).
2.
Прошина З.Г. ТЕОРИЯ ПЕРЕВОДА (с английского языка на русский и
с русского языка на английский): Уч. на англ. яз. –
Владивосток: Изд
-
во
Дальневост. ун
-
та, 2008
(3-
е изд., перераб.), 2002 (2
-
е изд., испр. и перераб.),
1999 (1-
е изд.) стр 7.
3.
“STRATEGY FOR THE SUSTAINABLE GROWTH OF TOURISM IN THE
REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN” by GIZ, branch of Nukus. 2023–
2026. p
4.
ФГАОУ ВПО «КАЗАНСКИЙ (ПРИВОЛЖСКИЙ) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫЙ
УНИВЕРСИТЕТ» “Translation of Texts for Special Purposes”. p 25.
5.
Рахмонов, Азизхон Боситхонович. "Функции и этапы организации
самостоятельных работ в языковых вузах."
Образование, воспитание и
педагогика: традиции, опыт, инновации. 2020.
6.
Рахмонов, Азизхон Боситхонович. "ОСНОВНЫЕ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ
ВЗГЛЯДЫ ЯНА АМОСА КОМЕНСКОГО."
Universum: психология и
образование
4 (106) (2023): 19-21.
7.
Rakhmonov, A. B. "IMPORTANT FACTS, DISADVANTAGES AND
NECESSARY FACTORS IN DISTANCE LEARNING METHODOLOGY."
Вопросы
педагогики
8-2 (2020): 7-9.
