World Bulletin of Social Sciences (WBSS)
Available Online at:
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Vol. 15, October,2022
ISSN:
2749-361X
31
PRINCIPLES OF CREATING AN IDEOFRAPHIC DICTIONARY OF
MAKING UP THE SEMANTIC FIELD OF LEXEMES “ORGANIC
WORLD” AND “FOOTBALL” IN UZBEK, ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN
LANGAUGES
Sodikova Sevinch Aliyevna
PhD of Philological sciences, Uzbekistan National University
Article history:
Abstract:
Received:
4
th
August 2022 Since the semantic field is considered to be the representation of images of
language divided into meaningful categories in our mind, it is effective to
interpret the words in the ideographic dictionary into smaller microfields within
the fields. According to the theories of ideographic vocabulary, interpreting
words on the basis of relatedness helps to quickly develop an idea about
something. The basis of ideography is onomasiology, that is, the theory of
form to content, therefore, in the article of the ideographic dictionary, verb
lexemes are analyzed as having the same level of use as noun lexemes.
Accepted:
3
rd
September 2022
Published:
8
th
October 2022
Keywords:
Organic world, ideographic vocabulary, verb lexemes
Our observations show that in most studies
related to ideographic dictionaries, the macrofield
"Nature" is interpreted on the basis of the concept of
existence. This macrofield is divided into organic and
inorganic fields. Scientist Yo. Hamroeva in her scientific
article considers these two natural divisions to be the
same, but if the movement concerns only living
organisms, then it is permissible to use the concept of
state for the organic and inorganic world.
1
Since the semantic field is considered to be the
representation of language images in our mind divided
into meaningful categories, it is effective to interpret the
words in the ideographic dictionary into smaller
microfields within the fields. According to the theories
of ideographic vocabulary, interpreting words on the
basis of relatedness helps to quickly develop an idea
about something. In the ideographic interpretation of
organic and inorganic world semantic fields, it is
necessary to rely on field theory. As a result of the
grouping of words in this division of the concept of
nature, the semantic field “
The world of animal
s”
is
formed, and the
microfields are “wild animals”,
“domestic animals”, “aquatic animals”, “wild birds”,
“birds of prey”, “
domestic birds
”, “insects”, “reptiles”
are
divided into 8 sections.
As we mentioned above, the basis of ideography
consists of onomasiology, that is, the theory of form to
content, therefore, in the article of the ideographic
dictionary, verb lexemes are analyzed as having the
same level of usage as noun lexemes.
Scientist Yo. Hamroeva systematically researches
the semantic field of "Animal World" along with its
microfields, and before this field, she considers it
1
Hamraeva Yo. Compilation of ideographic vocabulary on
desirable to have a systematic analysis of the lexical-
semantic field of “
The world of plant
”
.
Before creating an ideographic dictionary of the
units that make up the “Organic world”
macrofield in
the languages under study, it is necessary to create a
system of their microfields. The variety of words
belonging to this category requires their in-depth
research, because different paradigmatic and
syntagmatic relationships of lexemes belonging to the
“Organic world”
macrofield can be revealed only with
the help of ideographic dictionaries.
It's no secret to all of us that today sport is an
important component of modern world culture.
Modern researchers emphasize the existence of the
concept of
“sport”
in all languages of the world.
One of the most popular sports nowadays is
football. In the language space, in our opinion, the
concept of football acts as a lexical culture concept and
it has a multi-meaning lexical content.
Determining the composition of lexicography,
including the lexical means (lexemes) representing this
part of ideography, shows us that almost football is
little studied, and even if it is studied, some research
works are carried out at the level of one language.
Modern dictionaries dedicated to sports lexemes
mainly contain sports terminology, special ideographic
dictionaries covering its ideographic aspects do not
exist yet.
In general, sport, as well as its individual types,
has a special terminological feature that is
characteristic of this special field. Autonomy, internal
complexity, as well as the popularity of a particular
sport contribute to the development and branching of
the example of verbs. Tashkent, 2014, - P. 52
World Bulletin of Social Sciences (WBSS)
Available Online at:
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Vol. 15, October,2022
ISSN:
2749-361X
32
the terminological system. Sports terminology has a
number of features: sports terms are used not only in
scientific and educational fields, but also as a popular
component of modern mass media. The language of
modern sports publications, sports television
programs, as well as live broadcasts of football
matches, of course, in addition to its special use, also
indicates that it is one of the most dynamic layers of
modern language.
A separate component of the football language
is sports terms, which are partially fixed by modern
dictionaries. Today, the football lexicon has a special
status. In general, we can express many thoughts and
opinions about the hierarchical structure of the general
football lexeme, the different levels of its
representation. Thus, we will consider the problem of
creating ideographic dictionaries of lexemes related to
football terms that are most convenient for the
listener.
Today, several authors have published
dictionaries dedicated to the most popular sports.
There are several soccer-related dictionaries (both
print and electronic) that focus on its specific language.
At the same time, when we analyze dictionaries of this
type, it is no secret that the lexemes given in these
dictionaries are not implemented in a certain order,
both in terms of structure and in terms of the
organization and description of the material.
In this regard, at the current stage of
development of languages, including Uzbek, English
and Russian, it seems most urgent to create highly
specialized lexicographic publications that take into
account the language of individual sports.
As we know, an ideographic dictionary is a type
of dictionary, which is placed in a dictionary
representing lexical-semantic systems in the form of
semantic fields based on the value of lexical units.
Today`s researchers distinguish three types of
dictionaries of this type: thesaurus, synonym and
thematic dictionaries. The selection of these subtypes
requires specificity. Among such dictionaries, for
example, O.S. Baranov`s “
Ideographic dictionary of
the Russian language”
(1990, 1995), edited by L. G.
Babenko (2001) “
Explanatory dictionary of nouns in
the Russian language: ideographic description. English
equivalents. Synonyms. Antonyms”
and others.
An ideographic dictionary of football terms should
include extended lexical information. At the same time,
2
Karaulov Yu.N. General and Russian ideography. – M.:
Nauka, 1976. – P.252
3
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
4
Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language / Ed. D.N.
Ushakov. – M.: State. in-t "Sov. entsikl."; OGIZ; State.
it is necessary to create a more vivid image of the term
football. It is no exaggeration to say that a more
comprehensive description of a certain football term, as
well as a systematic reflection of all lexicographic
(ideographic) parameters, taking into account the most
important information for a clearer perception of the
word, will fully satisfy the communicative needs of this
type of dictionary reader.
2
In this place, for example, Yu.N. Karaulov's on
the theory of terminology, combining football lexemes
on a thematic basis takes on an ideographic character.
We explained the language units related to football as
follows: first of all, it is appropriate to give the
definitions of the word "football" in the compared
languages.
1.
So, “football”
is defined in the English language
“Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English”
as
follows:
“a game played by two teams of el
even players
who try to kick a ground ball into the other team`s
goal
”
3
.
In t
he Russian language dictionary “
Explanatory
dictionary of the Russian language
” by D.N.
Ushakov,
the word football is defined as follows:
ФУТБОЛ
,
а,
мн.
нет,
м.
[англ. football].
Игра, состоящая в том,
что две команды, по 11 игроков в каждой, стараются
ударами ноги загнать мяч в ворота противника
4
.
The field (stadium) is a semantic field, which
includes the following field systems:
a small field where
players practice, running lanes, seating for spectators,
special places for team members, rest rooms, dressing
rooms rooms, medical care rooms, special rooms for
commentators, etc.
Field (stadium) is defined in English and
Russian dictionaries as follows: in Russian,
СТАДИО́Н
-
[От греч. στάδιον
—
место для состязания в
беге]
Сооружение для спортивных занятий и игр,
состоящее из футбольного поля, площадок и
беговых дорожек, окруженное трибунами для
зрителей
5
.
The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary
English
defines
the
stadium
as
follows:
”
A
stadium
(plural
stadiums
or
stadia
) is a place or
venue for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts, or other
events and consists of a field or stage either partly or
completely surrounded by a tiered structure designed to
allow spectators to stand or sit and view the event.
The Uzbek language has the following definition
for “field”
(stadium):
“Футбол ва бошқа спорт
foreign publishing house and national words., 1935-1940. (4
volumes)
5
Dictionary of the Russian language: In 4 volumes / RAS,
Institute of Linguistics. research; Ed. A. P. Evgenieva. - 4th
ed., Sr. – M.: Rus. lang.; Polygraphic resources, 1999. -670 p.
World Bulletin of Social Sciences (WBSS)
Available Online at:
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Vol. 15, October,2022
ISSN:
2749-361X
33
ўйинлари
майдони,
югуриш
йўллари
ва
томошабинлар учун трибуналари бўлган катта спорт
даргоҳи”
6
.
From the given definitions, it can be seen that
the meaning of the lexeme field has expanded not only
as a playground, but also as a space intended for
holding various events, and in linguistics, it is also used
as a scientific term, such as a semantic field.
2.
“
Tea
m”
includes the following lexemes in all
three compared languages:
team leader (president),
team management leader (manager), coach, assistant
coaches, players, team doctor, team driver, team cook,
etc.
1) "Football game" consists of 2 parts. In
addition,
the semantic field “football game”
is included:
ўйинчи,
дарвозабон, ҳимоячи, марказий ҳимоячи,
плеймейкер, ҳужумчи, ҳужум, ҳимоя, ўйин ҳолати
(ўйиндан ташқари ҳолат), аут, офсайд, бурчак тўпи,
ўйин бузилиши ҳолати (штраф), карточкалар (сариқ.
қизил), судьялар: асосий судья, қанот судьялари and
etc
.
As can be seen from the above, some lexemes
related to the semantic field “Football game”
are divided
into several microfields within the system according to
the principle of the system. In addition, there is a
semantic field of rule violations, which is also divided
into two parts: a) powers and decisions of the judge; b)
actions of players. The regions of the semantic field
proposed to be distinguished from each other may
intersect in certain functional areas, but such an
int
ersection does not violate the “personal”
space of
each separately considered region.
In order to develop the terminology of the field
of sports, it is important to create its microfield system,
ideographic dictionaries that cover the scope of the
training program, and ideographic dictionaries in the
macrofield system of the whole field. The creation of
micro-ideographic dictionaries containing football lexical
units, a popular type of sport, is important not only for
representatives of the football field, but also for all
football fans.
USED LITERATURES
1.
Hamraeva Yo. Compilation of ideographic
vocabulary on the example of verbs. Tashkent,
2014, - P. 52
2.
Karaulov
Yu.N.
General
and
Russian
ideography.
–
M.: Nauka, 1976.
–
P.252
3.
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
4.
Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language
/ Ed. D.N. Ushakov.
–
M.: State. in-t "Sov.
6
Ўзбек тилининг изохли лугати. Иккинчи жилд. (E-Tvf) -
entsikl."; OGIZ; State. foreign publishing house
and national words., 1935-1940. (4 volumes)
5.
Dictionary of the Russian language: In 4
volumes / RAS, Institute of Linguistics.
research; Ed. A. P. Evgenieva. - 4th ed., Sr.
–
M.: Rus. lang.; Polygraphic resources, 1999. -
670 p.
6.
Annotated dictionary of the Uzbek language.
The second volume. (E-TVF) - TashkentUzME
State National Publishing House, 2006
ТошкентУзМЭ Давлат миллий нашриёти, 2006
