ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
193
TYPES OF MEDICAL DISEASES SUCH AS “ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE”
Turaqulova Nasiba
Teacher of the 1
st
Republican Specialized college
of Public Health named after Abu Ali Ibn Sina
Rustamova Mohlaroyim
Teacher of the 1st Republican Specialized college
of Public Health named after Abu Ali Ibn Sina
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14216293
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia.
Alzheimer’s disease is the biological process that begins with the appearance of
a buildup of proteins in the form of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
in the brain. This causes brain cells to die over time and the brain to shrink.
Key words
Symptoms, memory, condition, activities, severe, Dementia,
Alzheimer’s disease,
and the United States.
There are four main types of disease: infectious diseases, deficiency
diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic and non-genetic hereditary
diseases), and physiological diseases. Diseases can also be classified in other
ways, such as communicable versus non-communicable diseases.
About 6.9 million people in the United States age 65 and older live with
Alzheimer's disease. Among them, more than 70% are age 75 and older. Of the
more than 55 million people in the world with dementia, 60% to 70% are
estimated to have Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia. Alzheimer's
disease is the biological process that begins with the appearance of a buildup of
proteins in the form of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
This causes brain cells to die over time and the brain to shrink.
is an umbrella term for a range of conditions that affect different
brain functions, including memory. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common
type of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is most common in people over 65. But,
people under 65 can also develop it. Alzheimer’s affects slightly more women
than men.
Early symptoms of Alzheimer's disease include forgetting recent events or
conversations. Over time, Alzheimer's disease leads to serious memory loss and
affects a person's ability to do everyday tasks.
There is no cure for Alzheimer's disease. In advanced stages, loss of brain
function can cause dehydration, poor nutrition or infection. These complications
can result in death.
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
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But medicines may improve symptoms or slow the decline in thinking.
Programs and services can help support people with the disease and their
caregivers.
Symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease
Memory loss is the key symptom of Alzheimer's disease. Early in the
disease, people may have trouble remembering recent events or conversations.
Over time, memory gets worse and other symptoms occur.
At first, someone with the disease may be aware of having trouble
remembering things and thinking clearly. As signs and symptoms get worse, a
family member or friend may be more likely to notice the issues.
Brain changes from Alzheimer's disease lead to the following symptoms
that get worse over time.
Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive condition. This means the symptoms
develop gradually and become more severe over time.
The first sign of Alzheimer’s disease is usually minor memory problems. For
example, a loss of interest and enjoyment in day-to-day activities. It’s also
common to forget about recent conversations, events or the names of places.
As the condition develops, memory problems become more severe.
Other symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease
Other changes caused by Alzheimer’s disease that could cause you concern
include:
confusion, disorientation and getting lost in familiar places
difficulty planning or making decisions
problems with speech and language
problems moving around without help
difficulty performing self-care tasks
stress and distress
hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren’t there)
delusions (believing things that are untrue)
low mood or anxiety
Causes of Alzheimer’s disease
Alzheimer’s disease is thought to be caused by the buildup of amyloid and
tau. These are substances found inside the brain.
Amyloid and tau build up and form tiny structures called plaques and
tangles. These make it harder for the brain to work properly.
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Over time, Alzheimer’s disease causes parts of the brain to get smaller. It
also reduces chemicals in the brain that are used to send messages around the
brain.
Eventually, the brain struggles to cope with the damage. This can lead to
problems with memory and thinking.
Over time, damage also spreads to different areas of the brain. The first
areas affected are the ones that are responsible for memories.
Risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease
The exact cause of Alzheimer’s disease is unknown. But, many things could
increase your risk of developing the condition. These include:
increasing age
in the past
in very rare cases, a family history of the condition
When to speak to a healthcare professional
If you’re worried about your memory or think you may have dementia, you
should speak to your GP.
If you’re worried about someone else, you should encourage them to make
an appointment at their GP practice. You could suggest that you’ll go with them.
More advice if you’re worried about dementia
Diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease
Memory problems are not only caused by dementia. They can also be
caused by depression, stress, medications or other health problems.
Your GP can carry out some simple checks to try to find out what the cause
may be. They can refer you to a specialist for more tests, if necessary.
Treatment for Alzheimer’s disease
There’s currently no cure for Alzheimer’s disease. But, there are treatments
that can help manage the symptoms. Your GP or healthcare professional can
discuss the best treatment options for you.
There are things you can do to live well for as long as possible with
dementia.
Your future health and social care needs will need to be assessed and a care
plan drawn up.
This is a way of ensuring you receive the right treatment for your needs. It
involves identifying areas where you may need some help, like:
what support you or your career need for you to remain as independent
as possible
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whether there are any changes that need to be made to your home to
make it easier to live in
whether you need any financial assistance
It's also important to treat vision loss and hearing loss. Studies have found
that vision loss that isn't treated is a risk factor for cognitive impairment and
dementia. Studies also have found that people who have hearing loss are at
higher risk of dementia. But wearing hearing aids made people less likely to get
dementia.
Other studies have shown that staying engaged mentally and socially is
linked to preserve thinking skills later in life and a lower risk of Alzheimer's
disease. This includes going to social events, reading, dancing playing board
games, creating art, playing an instrument and other activities.
The list of used literature:
1.
Бухарова, Н. Г., & Файзуллаев, С. И. У. (2021). ДИСКУРС-АНАЛИЗ КАК
СРЕДСТВО ВОСПРИЯТИЯ УСТНОЙ РЕЧИ. Вестник науки и образования, (2-3
(105)), 17-19.
2.
Israilova, I., Gulfura, T., Patima, T., Gulbakhor, M., & Sarvar, F. (2021).
Medical english learning through authentic movies: extra-linguistic factors
contributing to the study of medical terminology. Berlin Studies Transnational
Journal of Science and Humanities, 1(1.5 Pedagogical sciences).
3.
Файзуллаев, С. И. (2024). ОБЩАЯ ИСТОРИЯ ЛАТИНСКОГО ЯЗЫКА И
МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ТЕРМИНОЛОГИИ И ЕЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ. Academic research in
educational sciences, (1), 445-454.
4.
Fayzullaev, S. (2023). Improving the methodology of teaching foreign
languages based on the competence approach in the higher medical education
system. Новости образования: исследование в XXI веке, 1(9), 697-700.
