ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
42
PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN LYMPH NODES UNDER THE
INFLUENCE OF MEASLES.
D.S.Turdimatov
I.H.Kholmatov
Fergana Public Health Medical Institute
Pathologoanatomy of Fergana Region
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12683325
Abstract:
An analysis of the pathomorphological changes developed in the
main morphofunctional areas of the lymph nodes of children who died from
measles and its complications was carried out, in which morphological data on
the pathomorphological changes detected in the lymph nodes in measles and its
complicated forms were analyzed. the specificity of changes in the immune
system is shown.
Key words:
virus, measles, lymph nodes, follicle, paracortical, hyperplasia,
morphofunctional, sinuses, capsule, infiltration.
Severity:
The causative agent of measles is an RNA virus of the
Morbillivirus belonging to the family of paramyxoviruses, which has a spherical
shape and a diameter of 120-230 nm. The virus consists of a nucleocapsid - the
minus strand of RNA, three proteins and an outer shell formed by matrix
proteins and two surface glycoproteins: one of them is hemagglutinin, and the
other is a "coupling" protein. Most cases of measles are observed in the winter-
spring period (December-May), the incidence increases every 2-4 years [1][2].
The measles virus has a very high negative effect on the immune system, causing
the destruction of immune cells: from the first days of the appearance of the rash
to the 30th day, a sharp decrease in T-lymphocytes is observed. The measles
virus weakens the div's immunity for several years because it causes the death
of immune cells that produce antibodies to various infections [3][4][5].
The goals and objectives of the work: to study the specificity of the
pathomorphological changes that occur in the general morphological macro and
microscopic examinations of the tissues of the lymph nodes of patients who died
from measles.
Materials and methods: the medical history and autopsy data of 26 patients who
died from measles in the winter and spring of 2024 and were examined at the
Fergana Regional Pathology and Anatomy Bureau were analyzed. Autopsy
pieces from lymph nodes were fixed in formaldehyde solution (prepared in 10%
phosphate buffer) for 72 hours and examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining.
Result: in the study of the autopsy materials of the patients, the capsule of the
lymph node is thickened due to the rubella virus, swelling in the subcapsular
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
43
zone, fullness in all blood vessels, the germinal centers of the outer cortical
lymph nodes are basophilized, the boundaries with the deep cortical layer are
unclear, there are also T lymphocytes along with B lymphocytes, and monocytes
in all parts. , the presence of inflammatory infiltration consisting of leukocytes,
tissue detritus and fibrin threads was determined.
In the next case, in addition to the thickening of the capsule of the lymph node,
the increase of large macrophage cells, uneven filling of the blood vessels, the
border of the lymph nodes of the outer cortex is unclear, the germinal centers
are poorly expressed, and the proliferation of lymphocytes in the trabecular
sinuses and the corpuscles of the brain. In some examined micropreparations,
the afferent lymphatic channels were destructively changed, infiltrated with
leukocytes, swelling in the subcapsular zone, proliferation of large macrophage
cells, uneven filling of blood vessels, swelling
Conclusion: due to the influence of the measles virus, the capsule of the lymph
nodes is thickened, swollen, lost follicles, diffuse necrosis foci, infiltrated with a
large amount of leukocytes, lymphocytes and fibrin in the capsule of the node
and between the follicular spaces, and acute lymphadenitis, and in some cases
reactive centers of the lymph node. chronic lymphadenitis with hyperplasia,
swelling in the capsule and intercellular substance, inflammatory infiltration
consisting of many lymphocytes, leukocytes and fibrin in all branches of the
lymph node.
List of references:
1. Kasabekova L.K., Smagul M.A., Alekesheva L.J. K voprosu eliminatsii kori //
Vestnik
Kazakhskogo
Natsionalnogo
meditsinskogo
universiteta,
2020.https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/k-voprosu-eliminatsii-kori.
2. Sijenkova L.P., Vinogradov A.F., Kostyukova T.L. A blind child: a clinical case //
Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii, 2019. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/kor-u-
rebenka-klinicheskiy-sluchay)
3. Mina M. J., Kula T., Leng Y., Li M., de Vries R. D., Knip M., Siljander H., Rewers
M., Choi D. F., Wilson M. S., Larman H. B., Nelson A. N., Griffin D. E., de Swart. R. L.,
Elledge S. J. Measles virus infection diminishes preexisting antibodies that offer
protection from other pathogens. (eng.) // Science (New York, N.Y.). — 2019. —
November 1 (vol. 366, no. 6465). — P. 599-606. — doi:10.1126/science.aay
6485. — PMID 31672891.
4. Petrova V.N., Sawatsky B., Han A.X., Laksono B.M., Walz L., Parker E., Pieper K.,
Anderson C.A., de Vries R.D., Lanzavecchia A., Kellam P., von Messling V., de
Swart R.L. , Russell C. A. Incomplete genetic reconstitution of B cell pools
contributes to prolonged immunosuppression after measles. (eng.) // Science
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
44
Immunology. — 2019. — November 1 (vol. 4, no. 41). —
doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.aay 6125. — PMID 31672862.
5. Mina M. J., Metcalf C. J., de Swart R. L., Osterhaus A. D., Grenfell B. T. Long-term
measles-induced immunomodulation increases overall childhood infectious
disease mortality. (eng.) // Science (New York, N.Y.). — 2015. — May 8 (vol.
348, no. 6235). — P. 694-699. — doi:10.1126/science.aaa3662. — PMID
25954009
