ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
92
EMPLOYMENT IN THE PRODUCTION SECTOR IN THE CONDITIONS
OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT AND DIGITALIZATION OF
ECONOMY
Dusboev Rakhim Ramazonovich
Tashkent Institute of Economics and pedagogy, teacher of economic sciences,
PhD
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12624747
ABSTRACT
The active impact of innovative processes and the digitalization of the
economy on the labor market as a whole and the structure of production in
particular, entails a change in the structure of employment of the population.
The article discusses the structure of employment in the manufacturing sector in
the context of innovative development. The tendency of a stable decline in
employment in the manufacturing sector is analyzed, with an increase in job
creation mainly in the service sector. When developing programs to transfer
enterprises to an innovative development model, their social consequences must
be taken into account, taking into account the strengthening of the country's
economic security.
Key words:
employment, production sector, innovation, digitalization,
development.
In the industrialized countries of the world, the factors of economic
growth have recently changed. The main growth factors are those that ensure
the innovative development of a particular country. One of the main factors of
innovative development is: compliance of the quality of the labor force with the
needs of enterprises. At the present stage in the system of market structures, a
significant role is assigned to the labor market, which coordinates the demand
and supply of labor force, provides the economy with the necessary labor force,
and mediates the process of employment of the population [1]. The labor market
as an integral part of the market economy is a system of social relations in
agreement interests of employers and hired labor.
The labor market in the conditions of innovative development is being
formed under the influence of a number of factors that ensure the unity of both
the economy of the country as a whole and its individual subsystems. Special
Role here it is given to technical progress, informatization and computerization
of production and services [2].
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
93
The effective result of the interaction of innovative technologies and
employment in practice depends on macroeconomic trends, the ongoing
economic policy and sociopolitical factors [3].
Technological innovations and the strengthening of the service nature of
the economy are changing the nature of industrial relations in the field of
employment. Innovations actively influence the structure of production, and
from here - the structure of employment.
Employment in the manufacturing sector of most of the developed and
many developing countries, since the mid-1990s, has steadily declined, and new
jobs have been created predominantly especially in the service sector. Note that,
in turn, for the service sector the instability of jobs is characteristic - here both
the creation and fewer jobs than in industry how service businesses are more
volatile. However, in general. The service sector creates more jobs than it loses.
This influence is especially noticeable in single-industry towns, since the vast
majority of their population is employed in one or more two enterprises.
Technical modernization of these enterprises, their reprofiling not only changes
the structure of production personnel, but also contributes to the growth of
structural unemployment.
After all, during the technical renovation of an enterprise or its reprofiling,
there arises an objective need to stop for a while. During this period, a small
number of highly qualified workers can actually be involved, who are able to set
up and adjust new equipment, re-profiling it for the production of new products.
Another part of the workers is either in a state of unemployment or is in
retraining.
Based on this, when developing a program to transfer an enterprise, and
even more so the entire economy of the country, to an innovative development
model, it is imperative to take into account its social consequences in order to
prevent the mass dismissal of workers and the duration of their stay in a state of
forced labor.
The organization and functioning of the labor market, as an important
component of a market economy, should focus on solving such important
problems as ensuring the effective use of labor potential, it requires taking into
account a whole range of factors.
First, the realization of individual ability to work should orientate
employers towards obtaining maximum returns from each worker and stimulate
payment to the hired employee wages in accordance with his qualifications and
completed work.
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
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Secondly, an important role in improving the efficiency of labor activities
of an employee belongs to the introduction of preferential taxation and lending
for those industries and regions in which it is advisable to increase the number
of jobs and the use of direct payments to enterprises for each hired worker.
Thirdly, through the regulated labor market, the economic interests of the
subjects of labor relations are coordinated, a competitive environment is
provided for each of the parties to market interaction, and a balance is
maintained between the demand for labor and its supply. It is indisputable that
the low level of innovation activity in industry does not contribute to increasing
its competitiveness in the world market, including the European one.
The area of active innovation activity should be covered:
creation of new energy and resource saving technologies;
development of information communications and technologies;
expansion of domestic information and computer networks, digitalization
of the economy;
development of domestic import-substituting technologies with high level
of competitiveness;
the revival of the rocket and space industry, aircraft construction;
conversion of the military-industrial complex;
development of social infrastructure, especially in rural terrain.
This problem requires special attention and careful research, especially in the
context of the digitalization of the economy. In the process of introducing new
technologies, some workers will be forced out of their jobs. are in the most
vulnerable position workers performing routine and amenable to "Codification"
operations.
Only if existing standards are achieved in all spheres of public life of our state,
inherent in economically developed countries, it is possible to reduce economic,
in fifty investment, social and other risks of weakening the economic security of
the country.
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