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GERKON RELAY IS FIXED WITH NMP 69 M IN RAILWAY STATIONS
Azizov Assadulla Rahimovich
Mislibaev Dilshod Abdumalikovich
Hakimov Paxlavon Qaxramon o’g’li
Tashkent state transport university (Tashkent, Uzbekistan)
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14500204
Annotation:
In this article, what is a reed relay and nmp 69. How it works,
in what areas this technology is currently used and its effectiveness. The
functions of nmp 69 relays are explained in detail based on gerkon relays
technology.
Key words
: nmp 69, reed relay, electromagnetic field, features and
characteristics.
Introduction
In modern production technologies, reed relays are used in
all market segments, including test and measurement equipment, medical
electronics, telecommunications equipment, automation, security systems, and
others. Consumption is growing, and the global production of reed relays cannot
meet the growing demand for them. Being hermetically sealed, they can be used
in almost any environmental conditions. Very simple in their design, they
combine a variety of production technologies. A critical indicator of quality and
reliability is tightness at the point of contact between the glass of the housing
and the metal of the contact terminal. These materials must have exactly the
same temperature coefficient of linear expansion. Otherwise, cracks and poor
tightness of the flask may occur. Regardless of the sputtering or electroplating
technology, the process of applying contact materials (usually rhodium or
ruthenium) requires high precision and special cleanliness of the production
facilities, similar in requirements to semiconductor production. Similar to the
production of semiconductors, any foreign particles present during production
will result in increased losses, quality and reliability of the products. external
magnetic field . Issues such as the automation of transportation process control
systems in the world, the introduction of systems implemented on the basis of
microprocessor technologies in the continuous control of the state of train traffic
control devices, the improvement of methods and technologies of control are
taking one of the leading places. Therefore, in the process of ensuring security, it
is necessary to introduce into practice diagnostic systems that increase the
operational reliability of automation and telemechanics devices at railway
stations, which are implemented on the basis of microelectronics technologies.
In developed countries of the world, such as the United States, Germany, Japan,
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England, China and Spain, it is important to design and create railway
automation and telemechanics systems, to ensure their stability, reliability and
self-control, as well as to develop sophisticated microprocessor systems that
give the necessary information about their technical condition.
In this article, research on the implementation of NPM-69 block with the help of
gerkon relay is carried out. The functional function of this block is to control and
control the condition of the railway traffic lights on the road site, which are
located at the entrance to the train and manyovr traffic lights. Let's consider the
Compatibility scheme of the NPM-69 block (picture 1). The fourth scheme of the
(BRRC) dialing group is the compliance scheme (SCH), which checks whether
the steering rails are in the correct position and their actual position after the
arrows are held.
figure.1
Gerkon reley install instead of OP and PP reley with PVG in the
NMP 69 block
Figure. 1 can be seen from the picture, when the contacts of the OP Relay are in a
current state, the Manba current goes to the PP relay through the NKN contacts,
if the contacts of the PP Relay are in a current state, the train confirms that the
traffic light relay is in a current state. Or the contacts of the PP relay in the non-
toxic state confirm that the relay of the magnifying glass passes through the
contacts of the KN relay in a non-toxic state. If the contacts of the OP relay sine
are in a non-toxic state, then the Manba current through the contacts of the
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relays with the VK or VKM button, the electric chain of the comparison scheme
goes to the minus library
Relay unit NPM-69-M is a specialized electrical product for completing railway
electrical circuits. It is available in several modifications, differing in the number
of relays included in the relay and the mounting scheme. It is characterized by
an increased service life, compact design and ease of maintenance. The unit is
powered by a DC source with a rated voltage of 24.0 V. Relay units of NPM-69-M
type provide route dialing in modular railway systems of electrical interlocking
of control of actuators.Device and operation The device consists of a mounting
plate on which relays and auxiliary components are fixed.The top of the device is
closed with a transparent plastic cover. Characteristics ,specifications ,value
name are the units of powered by a 24 V DC power supplyDimensions:
340x380x427 mm and Weight 6.3 kg
Figure 2. Diagram of the NPM-69 type unit
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DESIGN, TYPES AND PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
The design of the reed relay is simple. The element is based on an
electromagnetic coil, on top of which there is a protective shield that protects
the contact group from moisture, oxidation, dust and magnetic fields. In a sealed
glass tubular case, in a vacuum or argon environment, there are two flexible
ferromagnetic conductors with flat metal contacts made of permalloy coated
with precious metals with high conductivity (silver and platinum group metals).
Parts are produced by stamping, and connections are made by welding or
soldering. The entire structure can be enclosed in a casing.
Figure 3.Reed relay device
The principle of operation of a reed relay is based on the interaction of forces
arising between magnetic bodies. When the contact cores are exposed to a
magnetic field, the contacts inside the glass cylinder are opened or closed. Gaps
make it much easier for the field to pass between the elements of the device. In
this way, the cores cope with the functions of a conductive element, a spring and
a part that responds to a magnetic field, the source of which, as a rule, is an
electric or permanent magnet.
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Figure 4. Reed switches
are divided into
several groups according to the type of contact
used:
High-density matrix relays
Our high-density reed matrix relays have been
designed specifically for large and densely
packed switching arrays.
Switch matrices are commonly used in functional PCB test systems. Internal
magnetic shielding eliminates the effects of magnetic coupling between reed
relays mounted very close together.
The CRF series is our smallest and most versatile tool-grade reed relay series.
What's more, the CRF can transmit radio signals from DC to 7GHz. As well as fast
digital pulses with a distortion rate of <20 picoseconds in an environment with
an impedance of 50 ohms. In addition, the CRF series is our lowest profile reed
relay with a height of only 3.6mm. Low displacement thermal stress. In fact, less
than 1 μV. Finally, the CRF series can operate reliably in a wide range of
temperatures. First of all, this series of relays will perform billions of high-speed
signal switching operations in a cost-effective way. Series Coil Voltage, (V) Coil
Resistance (Ω) Contact Type Max. Power (W)
HF 5V, 12V, 24V 250 – 1000 1A (N.O.), 1B (N.O.) 25
MRE – High Frequency 5V, 6V, 12V, 24V 70 – 2000 1-2A (N.O.), 1E (Latching)
O. – Normally open
C. – Normally Closed
switchable or combined (one group actuates for opening, the other for closing).
Working Principle of a Reed Relay
Depending on the design, a distinction is made between dry (a cone with an
inert gas or vacuum) and wet (the presence of mercury at the point of contact of
the cores) varieties. A drop of mercury eliminates the rattling of the
ferromagnetic cores.
The operation of a reed relay largely depends on the materials from which it is
made. Four groups of magnets are used in the production of reed relays:
neodymium plants are characterized by the highest coercivity and residual
magnetization, but do not tolerate operation in environments with a high oxygen
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content; ferrite magnets are very resistant to corrosion and the most affordable,
but at the same time brittle magnets;
Samarium – have excellent thermal stability and resistance to demagnetization,
but are distinguished by a high price and even greater brittleness than ferrite
analogues;
Made of alnico alloy (aluminum, nickel, cobalt) – have better heat resistance and
a relatively affordable price, but are endowed with low coercivity.
PROS AND CONS OF REED RELAYS
Among the advantages of the components: complete sealing of the contact
group;
Significant electrical strength of the gap between the contactsefficiency of
functioning; compact, light weight and simple design; galvanic isolation of
circuits;
functionality and lack of power requirements;
Efficient operation in different temperature environments (-60 to +120 °C).
The breakdown voltage of reed relays can reach several tens of kilovolts. The
service life of such products can reach up to 4-5 billion actuations. High
reliability is one of the main reasons for the wide range of reed switches.
References:
1. Fedoseev A. M. Relaynaya zashchita elektricheskikh sistem [Relay protection
of electrical systems]. Moscow, Energiya Publ., 1976. 559 p.
2. Berkovich M. A., Molchanov V. V., Semenov V. A. Osnovy tekhniki relaynykh
zashchita [Fundamentals of relay protection techniques]. Moscow,
Energoatomizdat Publ., 1984. 232 p.
3. Nikitin K. I., Novozhilov A. N., Kudabaev D. A., Novozhilov T. A., Sidorov O. A.
Sensitive protection from closures of TTNP with reed switch. 2013. № 2 (120).
Pp. 210–213.
4. Novozhilov A. N., Nikitin K. I., Kudabaev D. A., Novozhilov T. A., Sidorov O. A.
Maksimaya tokovaya zashchita na gerkone reakon [Maximum current protection
on a reed switch]. 2013. № 2 (120). Pp. 210–213.
5. Sadikov A.N. Analysis of promising systems for monitoring the state of rail
lines for the railways of the Republic of Uzbekistan. European Scholar Journal
(ESJ). Vol. 2 No. 8, August 2021.
