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SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES USING THE
PRINCIPLE OF COOPERATION BASED ON INTERNATIONAL
EXPERIENCE IN ENGLISH TEACHING
Kenjayeva Shahnoza Shomurodovna
Teacher of English at secondary school № 3 of Kogon, Bukhara region
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14498575
Abstract:
This article discusses scientific and pedagogical approaches to
the use of cooperation in teaching English lessons based on international
experience, and methods incorporating modern pedagogical technologies.
Keywords:
Pedagogy, education, upbringing, approach, psychology,
adaptation, approach, integration, classification, methodology, statistics,
pedagogical technology.
In the world experience, the successful organization of effective teaching of
English and the educational process, the study of the experience of the
international universities of Cambridge, Georgia (Georgia State University),
Algiers and Albania in teaching foreign languages for special purposes, the
effectiveness of speech movement in the phenomenon of pragmatic
presupposition, the principle of cooperation in the development of languages,
pragmatic linguistics, research is carried out on the development and
popularization of the language of importance. At the same time, the creation of
educational and methodological support of the use of the principle of
cooperation in English lessons and the development of proposals and
recommendations for determining the level of effectiveness and application in
practice, creating methodological manuals that meet the standards and
requirements of modern educational standards, improving the didactic
possibilities of using the principle of cooperation in the study of foreign
experience and English in higher education institutions.
To put it more precisely, the principle of cooperation allows students to
learn together in small groups or in pairs, and through this cooperation to
effectively master a particular subject or topic. Students are shown in the
process of working in a group with a sense of responsibility based on the task
assigned to them, to contribute to the success of the group, and thus manifest
themselves. When using the "principle of cooperation" in teaching a foreign
language, it is necessary to understand the purpose of this principle. In
particular:
1. Students' activity in the learning process increases. In the center of the
educational process of reciprocal learning, it is possible to create a student-
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centered learning environment that ensures the active participation of students
from the educational environment based on the provision of information by the
teacher or only in the form of lectures. Because, unlike traditional educational
technology, which allows you to work only with a small number of students,
with the help of this technology you can.
4. Interest in learning a language increases through group achievements.
Collaborative language learning technology, working in small groups or pairs, a
healthy group competition environment will increase students' interest in
language learning. The use of the principle of cooperation in the educational
process is based on the following target areas: - the organization of relations
based on educational cooperation, with the rejection of pedagogical
requirements; - an individual approach to students based on humanistic ideas; -
achieving the determination of professional and spiritual unity in the
educational process. The expected result of teaching a foreign language on the
basis of the principle of cooperation is not only the study of a foreign language
by language learners, but also the formation and development of their friendly
relations with each other, communicative skills and competencies. The use of the
cooperative principle in English lessons is organized within the English
language.
Most importantly, they contribute to the development of knowledge,
abilities and competencies in the subject of English in students. For example: 1.
Taking turns in lessons — during the implementation of the teaching structure,
students tell the answers to the question in a circle. 2. One-on-one writing of
short answers in a team learning structure – in which students take turns doing
writing work. 3. The learning structure used to develop English speaking skills
serves to develop critical and creative thinking. At the same time, students will
increase their vocabulary and learn from each other in critical and creative
thinking or support in expressing ideas that are not similar to each other.
4. During the implementation of the educational structure "Inner and Outer
Circle", students form inner and outer circles and share ideas with their
colleagues, i.e. classmates. 5. Thinking aloud is a collaborative thinking
technique in which teachers and students participate, and is used to solve
problems, answer questions, repeat the thought process aloud, and express
ideas aloud to each other. These tasks are always taken by students with
pleasure and contribute to the development of "learning skills". The principle of
cooperatives promotes student interest in English language learning.
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As a result of the principle of cooperation, the opportunities for intensifying
the educational process will be even wider. The principle of cooperation is a
modern person-centered educational approach that allows implementing the
requirements of the new generation standards. In the process of teaching
English, you need methods that are focused not only on logical thinking, but also
on non-standard problem solving. Mastering specific areas of thinking leads to a
decrease in brain energy expenditure and an increase in thinking efficiency.
Although these disciplines are not currently used, there are methods that can be
justified by the principles of cooperation, listed below: – not looking for a
solution until you fundamentally study the essence of the problem posed; –
teaching to search for solutions of non-standard situations; – preparation of
questions that will help to find an answer to the problem for which you are
looking for a solution; – search for different ways to achieve the goal, and then
choose the optimal one; – draw up an approximate plan for a solution to the
problem; – not to be discouraged by bad luck and to convince you that diligence
is important; – determination of ideas creativity based on results; – Pay
attention to the formation of mental satisfaction from the result of creative
activity. There are many possibilities for the use of sound recording tools in
comparing language phenomena, comparing similarities and differences, and in
the cultivation of speech. Sound recording can be done by both the teacher and
the student. A student can read and write a text and hear it without an instructor
in order to learn what his/her speech is like. Can quickly distinguish defects in
speech during the hearing. Sound recording tools can be widely used in working
with all sections of the language – phonetics, lexicology, orthoepy, phraseology,
morphology, syntax, punctuation, methodology. Speech exercises with the help
of a tape recorder are performed. The use of such methods develops listening,
comprehension and speaking skills. The scientific and methodological literature
on new pedagogical technology considers the originality of teaching methods.
These methods are presented as innovative methods. Below we recommend
some of the techniques that can be applied in education:- Cooperative teaching
technology. This way not only does the learning tasks work together, but
students are taught to study in cooperation. The process of cooperation, mutual
assistance and exchange of ideas between students is established; - Technology
of didactic games. In it, an active movement is organized in the lesson through
the use of various didactic games. The lesson is lively, and students' interest
grows; - Problem-Based Educational Technology. Creating problem situations,
throwing problematic questions, organizing discussion aimed at solving a
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problem situation and confirming the correctness of conclusions by the teacher;
-Check – test lessons. These are classes designed to test and test students'
knowledge and skills, where test tasks and other forms of testing are organized.
- Collaboration across local and global networks. Information about changes in
science and technology around the world, contacts with 14-year-olds from
another country, access to necessary information in a data complex located on
the territory of another country can be used in cooperation with Internet
systems. Therefore, the introduction of the technology of training on the basis of
the cooperative principle into the educational process is a requirement of the
time. The teacher must thoroughly know the technology and be able to choose it
correctly based on the specifics of the language materials being studied. The
more often effective forms of tutoring are used, the higher the interest students
will have in English subjects. Learning a language is a process that can last a life.
Effective use of cooperative teaching technology will equip students to learn in
cooperative learning. There will be a process of cooperation, mutual assistance
and exchange of ideas between young people. To improve the quality and
effectiveness of education, the study of foreign leading methods and the
introduction of international standards is important. When studying the
teaching methods of foreign countries, we will need to examine everything they
do in the educational process. In the process of studying abroad, several foreign
methodologies are conducted. These methodologies provide students with an
understanding of the knowledge they have entered. 1. Active education. These
methods follow students' activities and develop their skills of job management,
problem solving, suggestions and advice. The student engages himself and
learns to consolidate his past knowledge by applying it to new tasks. 2. Local
education. This methodology is used to help students understand information
related to the characteristics and history of a region or country in which they are
located. Research works are carried out using local history, use of available
resources (museums, Tashkents, archaeological sites), acquaintance of local
culture, assistance and written libraries. 3. Cooperative education. In this way,
group work, cooperation and mutual suggestion are very important. Students
work in a group and help each other to gain additional knowledge. This method
develops the student's physical, educational and social support. 4. Technological
education. The widespread use of technology in America is very important in the
educational process. Computers, tablets, internet, and other technological tools
make the process of students understanding and learning knowledge even
easier. 5. Vacation education. Vacation programs are one of the most modern
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ways to learn students. Develops students' creativity through extracurricular
peer and sporting activities. Test exercises are tasks to complete to learn a new
topic. Mock exercises can be used in the following two ways: - Students are
given several exercises within a new topic in order to encourage the students to
grasp the self-awareness of the topic rather than the topic explained to the
instructor. After completing these assignments and receiving feedback from the
teacher about their mistakes, students will come up with a new topic on their
own; - Or test assignments can be given after the teacher has explained a new
topic, so that the concept can be put into practice and better understood. In the
process of cooperation, it is desirable for the two subjects to act together, to be
partners, to form an alliance with the older and more experienced with the
inexperienced. Neither of them is necessarily superior to the other. Cooperation
takes many forms: commonwealth, partnership, empathy, co-creation, co-
governance. The cooperation solves problems related to the process of
implementation of the national idea and is directly related to the restoration,
development and implementation of advanced national moral values and
criteria in our modern life, educational and educational process, and is divided
into four areas: - human-personal approach; - didactic activating and developing
complex; - the concept of education; - Improvement of environmental culture is
expedient.
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