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GENDER EQUALITY: EQUAL RIGHTS FOR WOMEN AND MEN
Rakhmonova Raykhona Nabijon kizi
Termez State University the faculty of law 1- course student
Tursunov Behruz Normurod o’g’li
Scientific supervisor:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603292
Annotation:
This article covers the scientific basis of the concept of gender
equality and analyzes its content in the cultural, social and political context.
Gender equality is defined as a concept that ensures that men and women have
equal rights. The article examines the principles of gender equality, the need to
eliminate social barriers to their implementation, and the importance of
achieving political, social and economic equality. is emphasized and sheds light
on the conditions created for women in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Issues of
gender equality are not limited only to women's rights, but also cover a wide
range of relations between men and women.
Annotatsiya:
Ushbu maqola gender tengligi tushunchasining ilmiy
asoslarini keng yoritib, madaniy, ijtimoiy va siyosiy kontekstda uning
mazmunini tahlil qiladi. Gender tengligi erkaklar va ayollarning teng huquqlarga
ega bo‘lishini ta'minlaydigan tushuncha sifatida bayon etiladi.Maqolada gender
tengligi tamoyillarini o‘rganish, ularni amalga oshirish yo‘lidagi ijtimoiy
to‘siqlarni bartaraf etish zarurati va siyosiy, ijtimoiy hamda iqtisodiy tenglikka
erishish muhimligi ta'kidlanadi va O’zbekiston Respublikasida ayollarga qanday
sharoit yaratilayotganligi haqida yoritib o’tadi. Gender tengligi masalalari
faqatgina ayollar huquqlari bilan cheklanmay, erkaklar va ayollar o‘rtasidagi
o‘zaro munosabatlarni ham keng qamrab oladi.
Аннотация:
В данной статье рассматриваются научные основы концепции
гендерного равенства и анализируется ее содержание в культурном,
социальном
и
политическом
контексте.
Гендерное
равенство
определяется как концепция, обеспечивающая равные права мужчин и
женщин. В статье рассматриваются принципы гендерного равенства,
необходимость устранения социальных барьеров для их реализации,
важность достижения политического, социального и экономического
равенства. Подчеркивается и освещается условия, созданные для женщин
в Республике Узбекистан. Вопросы гендерного равенства не
ограничиваются только правами женщин, но и охватывают широкий
спектр отношений между мужчинами и женщинами.
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Key words:
gender equality, society, family, social equality, lifestyle,conditions,
vital needs. the rights of women and men. United Nations Human Rights
Kalit so’zlar:
gender tenglik, jamiyat, oila, ijtimoiy tenglik, turmush tarzi, shart-
sharoitlar, hayotiy ehtiyoj. ayollar va erkaklarni huqulari ,BMT
Ключевые слова:
гендерное равенство, общество, семья, социальное
равенство, образ жизни, условия, жизненные потребности. права женщин
и мужчин. Организация Объединенных Наций по правам человека
Gender equality (equality between men and women) is a concept that implies
the achievement of equal rights between men and women in the family and
other legal relationships. The principle of gender equality is the removal of all
social barriers that prevent a person from emerging as an individual. learning
and elimination, as well as creating equal social opportunities for the realization
of the personality of men and women in all spheres of life. At present, the level of
equality of political and economic institutions is the country's democracy and
this information is included in many international indexes. Globally, men are
more likely to participate and hold office than women in politics. According to
experts, among all other professions, gender is especially important in the field
of politics , it is very difficult to achieve equality. Thus, according to the Global
Report on the Gender Gap, if the rate of change in gender equality in political
representation is maintained at the current level, it will take an average of 95
years to achieve gender equality in the world, and 12 years to achieve gender
equality in education. will be needed.
The issue of women is manifested in an integral relationship with society, social
relations, nations, states, culture and civilizations. The emergence and
development of this idea is also related to the transition of social processes from
one stage to another. Moreover , the issue of equal rights of women and men has
been the cause of intense debate since ancient times. Also, compared to global
indicators, many strengths and weaknesses are identified in Uzbekistan's
activities on gender equality in recent years. Uzbekistan ranked 106th out of 189
countries in the 2022 Global Gender Development Index, which measures
differences in human development achievements in terms of health, education
and living standards.
However , our country creates so many opportunities for both men and women:
especially for women. ” Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
the decision is about approving the strategy of achieving gender equality in the
Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030 in the last four years, achieving equal rights
and opportunities for women and men, ensuring their equal participation in the
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management of society and state affairs, supporting women in social and legal
terms, as well as women wide-ranging reforms aimed at protecting against
harassment and violence have been implemented.The issue of gender equality
has been raised to the level of state policy, and 25 legislative documents have
been adopted.
For the first time in the history of Uzbekistan, the number of women in the
parliament has reached a level consistent with the recommendations set by the
UN, the number of women in the parliament has reached 32% and has risen to
the 37th place among 190 parliaments in the world.The share of women in
management positions reached 27%, in parties 44%, in higher education 40%,
in entrepreneurship 35%.”
In addition, The main directions of the activities of the United Nations Human
Rights Council are indicated in paragraphs 3-12 of the UN General Assembly
Resolution No. 60/251 of March 15, 2006, according to which:
investigates situations related to women and men rights violations, including
gross and systematic violations, and makes recommendations on them,
promotes effective coordination and integration of women and men rights
activities within the system. UN; adheres to the principles of universality,
impartiality, impartiality and non-selectivity, constructive international dialogue
and cooperation in order to contribute to the promotion and protection of all
human rights - civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the
right to development:
a) Promotes education and training activities in the field of women and men
rights, as well as the provision of advisory services, technical assistance and
capacity building activities. in consultation with and with the consent of the
Member States concerned;
b) serves as a forum for discussion of all women and men rights thematic
issues;
c) makes recommendations to the UN General Assembly on the further
development of international law in the field of human rights;
d) helps in the full implementation of the obligations accepted by the states on
human rights and the monitoring of the achievement of goals and obligations
related to the promotion and protection of women and men rights; Formed in
the decisions of high-level conferences and meetings of the United Nations;
f) Comprehensive periodic analysis of each state's compliance with its
obligations and responsibilities in the field of human rights, based on objective
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and reliable information. ensures universality of coverage and equal treatment
of all countries;
the review is a cooperation mechanism based on interactive dialogue with the
interested country, taking into account the needs of active participation and
capacity building;
the mechanism complements, not duplicates, the work of treaty bodies;
determines the forms and necessary periods of universal periodic inspections;
f) promote the prevention of human rights violations and prompt response to
human rights emergencies through dialogue and cooperation;
g) Assumes the roles and responsibilities of the Commission on Human Rights
as defined in the Office of the United Nations High Commission on Human Rights
20 resolution 48/141. December 1993;
h) works in the field of women and men rights in close cooperation with
governments, regional organizations, national human rights protection
institutions and civil society;
i) make recommendations on the promotion and protection of human rights;
j) submits an annual report to UNGA;
On September 30, 2019, the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan
adopted a decision "On the program of political and diplomatic measures to
promote the candidacy of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the UN Human Rights
Council in 2019-2023". In 2017-2021, Uzbekistan's intentions to become a
member of the UN Human Rights Council were determined for the first time in
the State Program for the Implementation of the Strategy of Actions in Five
Priority Areas of Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 2021-2023 - in
paragraph 267, which provides for the nomination of candidates for the years, it
should be designated as the year "Active investments and social development".
After that, Uzbekistan made official statements about its intentions at more than
20 major events dedicated to human rights issues, as well as at bilateral
meetings with heads of representative offices. UN member states in New York
and Geneva.
On February 17, 2019, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs developed a plan of
measures to promote the candidacy of Uzbekistan in the elections to the UN
Human Rights Council for 2021-2023, and later, on February 26, 2018, it was
held in Geneva In the 37th session, he first announced his intention to be elected
to its membership.
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On July 12, 2019, the government of Uzbekistan presented the project
"Voluntary obligations of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of human rights"
for nomination.
At the 75th anniversary session of the United Nations held on October 13, 2020,
Uzbekistan was elected to the UN Human Rights Council for the first time in its
history (out of 193 countries) for 2021-2023. voted - 169).
We remind you that on the eve of this event, on October 5, 2020, at a meeting
organized by the national movement "Yuksalish" in the format of a ZOOM
conference, the "Yuksalish" project openly supported the candidacy of the
Republic of Uzbekistan for membership of the UN Human Rights Council.
applications for support were supported by 147 non-governmental non-profit
organizations.
The election of Uzbekistan to the UN Human Rights Council was a clear
confirmation and recognition of the support of the international community for
the wide-scale reforms in the field of protection and provision of rights. people,
as well as evidence of our country's commitment to the goals and principles of
the UN Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and strict
compliance with international obligations in this regard.
February 21, 2021 President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoyev
made a speech for the first time at the 46th session of the UN Human Rights
Council. It should be noted that since the establishment of the UN Human Rights
Council in 2006, 20 heads of state have addressed its annual sessions. Due to the
coronavirus pandemic, the next meeting of the segment was held in the format
of a video conference.
In his speech, the head of state touched upon in detail the priority directions of
our country's activities for further deepening of democratic reforms, and for this
purpose, he defined 7 of their main directions. implementation:
"First. Ensuring basic human rights and freedoms will continue to occupy a
central place in the reforms in Uzbekistan.
Second. In terms of gender policy, we intend to radically increase the role of
women in the social, political and business life of the country.
Third. Special attention is paid to ensuring the rights of persons with special
needs.
The fourth. Protecting the rights of young people, who make up more than half
of the population of Uzbekistan, is in the center of our constant attention.
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Fifth. In cooperation with the International Labor Organization and the World
Bank, we have done great work to end forced and child labor. This is one of the
main achievements of our reforms.
Sixth. Together with the Office of the High Commissioner, we offer to hold a
Global Forum dedicated to the 10th anniversary of the UN Declaration on
Human Rights Education and Training.
We intend to contribute to the UN Voluntary Fund for Human Rights in order to
develop the personnel training system.
Seventh. We support the UN Secretary-General Mr. Antonio Guterres'
proposal to take decisive measures to reduce the number of stateless persons.
Also in the speech of the President of Uzbekistan Sh.M “I think a lot about the
stereotype that has appeared in the minds of our people. Usually, we respect
women first of all as mothers, guardians of the family fortress. This is
undoubtedly true, but today every woman should be an active and proactive
participant in the democratic changes taking place in the country, not just an
observer.
Also, let's mention a few articles on ensuring equal rights for women and men in
the Republic of Uzbekistan. Article 19 of the Constitution of the Republic of
Uzbekistan establishes the equality of citizens before the law regardless of
gender. “ As stated in Article 58 of the Constitution, women and men have equal
rights, provides equal rights and opportunities in other spheres of life”.
Used literature:
1.
A/RES/60/251 ot 15 times 2006 g. (170 votes - yes, 4 - against (USA,
Israel, Marshall Islands, Palau), 3 - against (Belarus, Venezuela, Iran).
2.
Constitutional right, Husanov .O.T , 2023
3.
SQ-297-IV-No. 28.05.2021.About the approval of the strategy of
achieving gender equality in the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030
Used websites
4.
lex.uz.
