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IMPROVING THE GRATE BLADES OF A FIBER CLEANING DEVICE.
Arafatali Dadajanov
Ph.D.
Technical University of Namangan State.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15362887
Abstract
The development of textile enterprises and the organization of clusters in our
republic are aimed mainly at increasing the competitiveness of their products. To
achieve this, it is essential that the raw materials are of good quality and that the
ginners supply high quality fiber to ensure its availability. The quality of fiber
supplied affects the cost and quality of the fabric.
The final fiber cleaning device, that is, the working parts of fiber cleaners,
play an important role in removing impurities from the fiber, maintaining fiber
length and physical and mechanical properties. Mainly with the aim of improving
the impact on the fiber during the fiber cleaning process, this article presents the
designs of knife drum grate bars of a new design and determines their parameters
by calculation.
Key words:
Cotton, fabric, apparatus, quality, design, cleaning, grate, drum,
defects, impurities.
Introduction
Cotton clusters have been created in our country; manufacturers have
covered all processes from growing cotton to its production in the form of finished
products. The quality of raw materials is of great importance in the positive
development of the process of obtaining quality products from quality raw
materials.
One such process is the cotton processing process, where it is important to
maintain the original quality of the fiber. One of the main devices at cotton
processing enterprises is the cotton gin. The ginning device ensures high-quality
separation of cotton fiber from seeds. After this process is completed, fiber
purification is carried out after the ginning process, since the fiber contains many
defects and impurities. In this case, the main working parts of the device are saw
drums and grate bars. The saw drum, which suspends the fiber, makes a circular
motion and strikes the grates arranged in a row below it, and separates impurities
and defects in the fiber. However, as a result of the impact on the grate of the
fibers, the total length of the fiber is reduced as a result of the mechanical impact
of the grate. According to this number of grates and the shape of their surfaces in
contact with the fiber, affect the efficiency of the process. If the fiber is poorly
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cleaned, the number of drums should be increased. This leads to the appearance
of defective fibers and a decrease in their total length.
Literature Analysis
Many scientists have worked to solve the above problems. Does increasing
the number of saw drums and the number of grates improve the efficiency and
productivity of the fiber cleaning device? In such cases, domestic equipment
achieves good results by increasing saw drums and grate bars. In the US, vacuum
cleaners are sometimes used instead of saws. From a theoretical and practical
point of view, the scientific research of the Russian scientist E.A. was studied.
Korobelnikov on fiber cleaning devices; national scientists Tursunov,
Mireshnicheko, Akhmadkhodzhaev and many other scientists of Uzbekistan also
worked on this [3,4,5].
Result
[1,2] From the above, we can say that the function and role of grate bars in
the cleaning device is great. In order to improve the efficiency of the grate, a drum
grate cleaning has been developed, described in the following Figure-1. To
increase the efficiency of this purifier, a drum grate was installed instead of one
column of rows. In this case, the drum is equipped with a 4-slat grate, and since
the rotation speed of the drum is several times higher than that of the saw drum,
the drum with the grate affects the fiber 4 times more. As a result, it becomes
possible to clean contaminated fibers of different fiber grades in one drum. This
prevents additional costs and increased fiber defects.
As a result of studying the process presented in Figure 1, it became clear that
the various compounds in the fiber are divided into active and inactive. To
activate inactive ones, you need to move them from the inside of the fiber to the
outside. To do this, a tuning drum is installed under the device.
Because fiber scourers are unable to agitate the fiber sufficiently when it is
hit by the grate, the amount of impurities in the fiber can be high. Currently, by
improving the fiber cleaning device, possibilities have been developed to increase
the efficiency of its cleaning. [2,3,4,9]
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For this reason, holes were opened in part of the new fiber grate, plates were
installed in the holes that agitate the fiber, a pegging drum was placed under the
saw drum, the pegs were located at an angle relative to the movement of the fiber,
the pegs were located in different sizes depending on the height of the rows.
In this case, the saw-tooth drum brings the fiber to the splitter with the help
of a blade; as a result of the impact, impurities in the fiber are separated and fall
under a row of grate bars. In addition, a pegging drum is installed under the saw
drum, which ensures and improves the separation of impurities contained in it.
The speed of the peg drum is twice the speed of the saw drum, which provides
double action of the fiber on the grate.
Purpose.
Separation of various large and small impurities in the fiber.
Fulfillment of the task: In order to increase the efficiency of cleaning fiber
from various impurities, in the proposed fiber cleaning device, a plate is installed
at the end of each bladed grate, fixed to the end of the grate. To increase the
efficiency of separating impurities from the fiber, a pegging drum is installed after
the grate with sprayers, with pegs of different heights, and it separates various
impurities in the fiber and cleans the fiber. The cleaned and well-plucked fiber is
transferred to the next stage after the last atomized air stream has reached it.
Discussion
Fig.-1. Cleaning fiber
with a peg drum. 1-serrated drum, 2-kolosniki,
3-serrated drum.
1
2
3
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The increase in the number of grate bars was achieved by installing a tuning
drum in place of the grate bar. By increasing the speed of impact of the grate on
the fiber in this state, the force of action increases.
As a result, the separation of
mixtures from the fiber is accelerated, and by increasing the speed of action on
the drum pegs, the frequency of the forced harmonic effect of vibration increases
due to a decrease in its phase difference. This, in turn, speeds up the separation
time of the various compounds in the fiber.
Conclusion
Applying the above design to a process improves the quality of the process
as well as its productivity. Due to the fact that the separation of impurities in the
fiber depends on the grates, the use of the above design in this process may lead
to better results in the future. Currently, due to the lack of funds for the complete
modernization of enterprises, the development and introduction into production
of simple and effective designs of the main working bodies will significantly
reduce the cost of production and will make it possible to significantly increase
the efficiency and productivity of labor in a short time.
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