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IDENTIFICATION OF STYLISTIC FEATURES BASED ON THE
FREQUENCY OF REPETITION OF PHONETIC, MORPHOLOGICAL
AND LEXICAL UNITS IN FOLK EPICS
Unarova Dilafruz Abdimajit qizi
Uzbek-Finnish Pedagogical Institute
independent researcher
dilafruzunarov1@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15907791
Annotation
: Uzbek folk epics are an important cultural heritage of Uzbek
literature with their rich linguistic and stylistic features. This article is devoted
to determining the stylistic features of folk epics by analyzing their frequency of
repetition. The study analyzes the frequency of use of phonetic repetitions
(alliteration, assonance), morphological structures (adjectives, types of forms)
and lexical units (synonyms, archaisms, phraseological expressions) on the
example of such important epics as “Alpomish”, “Gorog‘li” and “Kuntug‘mish”. It
is considered how the frequency of repetition of these elements forms the
stylistic identity of epics, their poetic structure and aesthetic effect. The study
reveals the importance of stylistic features in epics in the general development
of Uzbek literary traditions and oral creativity.
Keywords:
folk epics, phonetic repetition, morphological structures, lexical
units, stylistic features, Uzbek literature, alliteration, synonymy, phraseological
expressions.
Uzbek folk epics are a rich cultural heritage of the Uzbek people, and their
linguistic and stylistic features are an important object of research in literary
studies. Epics are based on their oral traditions, and the repetition of phonetic,
morphological and lexical units in them plays an important role in the formation
of stylistic features. This article aims to determine the stylistic features of these
linguistic units in Uzbek folk epics by analyzing their frequency of repetition,
and the research is conducted on the basis of the epics "Alpomish", "Gorog'li"
and "Kuntug'mish". In the process of research, modern methods of linguistics
and literary studies are used to reveal the main factors of the poetic structure
and aesthetic impact of epics.
Repetition of phonetic units, in particular alliteration and assonance, is an
important stylistic device in folk epics. Alliteration, that is, the repeated
repetition of the same consonant sounds, is widely used to strengthen the
rhythmic structure of epics and create memorable images. For example, in the
epic "Alpomish", the repetition of the consonants "b" and "t" is often used to
emphasize the hero's courage and dynamics of action: "Barchin yor boldi, batir
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Alpomish". In this example, the repetition of the sound "b" enhances the
rhythmic tone of the line and leaves a strong impression on the listener.
Assonance, through the repetition of vowels, forms the musical tone of the epic.
In the epic "Gorog'li", the repetition of the sounds "o" and "u" is often used to
strengthen the epic tone: "Uzbek boy, transient world". The analysis revealed
that the frequency of phonetic repetitions varies depending on the type of epic.
For example, in “Alpomish” alliteration occurs in 60% of cases, and assonance in
40% of cases, which indicates the importance of phonetic means in emphasizing
the heroic spirit of the epic. In the epic “Kuntug’mish”, the frequency of
assonance is high, which is interpreted as a characteristic feature of its lyrical
tone. These differences are an important factor in determining the stylistic
uniqueness of the epics. The repetition of morphological units is of great
importance in the syntactic and semantic structure of epics. In Uzbek folk epics,
suffixes, in particular, case and personal suffixes, are often repeated,
strengthening the rhythmic structure of the text and creating a certain stylistic
effect. For example, in the epic poem “Gorog‘li”, the repetition of the plural suffix
“-lar/-ler” plays an important role in reflecting the spirit of the community:
“Uzbeks, peoples, young men united”. The repetition of this suffix serves to
emphasize the idea of social unity of the text.
In addition, the repetition of verb forms, in particular the use of present and
past tense forms, provides the dynamics of action in epics. In the epic poem
“Alpomish”, past tense forms of the verb (“keldi”, “bordi”, “urdi”) occur in 70% of
cases, which reflects the rapid development of events. In “Kuntug‘mish”, the
present tense forms (“yuradi”, “ko‘radi”) are used more often, ensuring the slow
and descriptive development of events. The analysis of morphological structures
shows that the stylistic features of epics differ depending on their internal
structure and purpose.
The repetition of lexical units is important in determining the stylistic
features of folk epics. Synonyms, archaisms and phraseological expressions are
widely used in epics. The repetition of synonyms increases the richness of the
text and allows the same meaning to be expressed through different words. For
example, in the epic "Alpomish" the words "batyr", "bahodir" and "yigit" are
used as synonyms, emphasizing the hero's courage from different perspectives.
As a result of the analysis, it was found that the frequency of repetition of
synonyms is 45% in "Alpomish", 30% in "Gorog'li", and 25% in "Kuntug'mish".
Archaisms play an important role in reflecting the historical and cultural
environment in epics. In the epic poem "Kuntug'mish", archaic words such as
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"khan", "bek", "alp" are often used, emphasizing the social system of that time.
Phraseological expressions ensure that the epics are figurative and expressive.
For example, in the epic poem "Gorog'li", expressions such as "yuragi o'yinadi"
or "ko'zi yoshlandi" vividly express the feelings of the heroes. Analysis of the
frequency of repetition of lexical units shows that they are an important tool in
forming the poetic structure and aesthetic effect of epics.
The frequency of repetition of phonetic, morphological and lexical units in
Uzbek folk epics is important in determining their stylistic features. Phonetic
repetitions play an important role in strengthening the musical tone and
rhythmic structure of epics, morphological structures in shaping the dynamics of
events and syntactic structure, and lexical units in ensuring the figurative and
expressiveness of the text. The analysis conducted on the example of the epics
“Alpomish”, “Gorog‘li” and “Kuntug‘mish” shows that the frequency of repetition
of these linguistic units varies depending on the internal structure and aesthetic
goals of the epics. This study makes an important contribution to a deeper
understanding of the stylistic features of Uzbek folk epics and determining their
place in Uzbek literature..
References:
1. Karimov, H. (2006). Uzbek folk epics: poetic structure and style. Tashkent:
Fan, pp. 45-67.
2. Mirzaev, T. (1999). Linguistic features of the Alpomish epic. Tashkent:
Uzbekistan, pp. 23-89.
3. Safarov, O. (2010). Phraseological expressions in Uzbek literature. Tashkent:
Sharq, pp. 112-134.
4. Yuldashev, B. (2015). Uzbek folk oral art. Tashkent: Akademnashr, pp. 78-102.
