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SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF DEVIANT
BEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS
Turayeva Gulchekhra Uraimovna
Researcher at Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14214316
Abstract:
the study of theoretical and scientific sources related to the
study of the problem of deviant behavior in adolescents allows us to make more
detailed observations about the factors underlying the occurrence of deviant
behavior occurring in them. This possibility requires studying the dynamics of
aggressive behavior, addictive behavior in adolescents, situations observed in
individuals in conflict situations, and taking into account age, gender, and
territorial characteristics.
Basic concepts: teenager, manifestations of deviant behavior, age, gender,
territorial differences, genetic and biological, social conditions, constitutional
conditions, psychological factor and mechanisms.
Relevance:
Particular attention is paid to the problem of behavioral
deviance and its prevention, which is manifested among minors who do not
correspond to the generally accepted, established norms of behavior of society
in the modern conditions of reforming the system of personality deviance in the
world. One of the important goals of the upbringing, formation of personality is
to follow the established norms in society, to structure personal qualities,
develop social skills, improve ways to eliminate deviations in behavior, in which
the main factors, socio-psychological norm, qualities of morality, issues of the
system of interpersonal relations of a teenage personality to people,
family,society are studied separately. According to a statement by the World
Health Organization (WHO) on the results of 2022, “about 200 thousand
murders and robberies are committed annually among aggressive adolescents
aged 11-16 around the world, and the identification of the causes of this
behavior is being studied by experts around the world as an urgent problem”.
On a global scale, special attention is paid to issues related to the study of the
psychological causes of deviant behavior among minors, scientific examination
of factors and conditions that cause deviant behavior, scientific improvement of
methods of psychodiagnostic practice in this matter, as well as the development
of preventive measures for obtaining premature deviant behavior, development
of social behavior of adolescents in educational institutions, scientific research is
being carried out on the implementation of psychoprophylaxis and
psychocorrectional work, which serves to adequately assess the system of
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interpersonal relations. Because, the upbringing of the younger generation,
whose behavior is guided by the norm, social life standards, the developed
country will always be progressive in all areas.
Currently, decrees, laws, decisions issued by the government, together with legal
regulations in the field of modern education, define stretegies for educating
adolescents so that they can find a clear solution to the problems that arise in
their process of social activity. There is some difficulty in the assimilation of
changes and reforms in society by members of society, because of which
situations are observed in members of society that may apply light, contrary to
established procedures for solving the problem. This condition is often
prominent in the growing younger generations. Deviant behavior in young
people: the main reason for the occurrence of vices such as alcoholism, drug
addiction, prostitution, crime is the social environment.
Main part. Focusing on the issue of the psychological involvement of individual,
age and gender differences in Deviant behavior manifestations, we can see that
this, in turn, is determined in a significant way by individual characteristics,
gender differences. For example, it is well known to us that the manifestations of
outlaw morality are more a characteristic phenomenon for individuals of the
male sex. Even among women in the context of globalization, deviant behavior,
despite the increase in crime, its relative indicators are lower than that of men,
for example, in Russia in 1998, focusing on the statistics of crime related to
women, is 15% of the total criminal cases recorded. And in the case of men of
the male sex, we can see that these figures are a little more and are conspicuous
in different manifestations.
Even in the conditions of Uzbekistan, it is not possible to turn a blind eye to
cases related to various manifestations of crime among minors. This was noted
in the data of the statistical agency under the president, which relied on the
Ministry of internal affairs, that in 2019-2023 the number of registered crimes
increased by 2.3 times-from 46 thousand to 104 thousand. There is a gradual
decline following the sharp rise in 2021. At the same time, the number of serious
and serious crimes increased throughout the year. Of the 3,599 minors (4% of
the 88,913 perpetrators) who committed the crime the previous year, 82.6%
were criminalized. Of these, 744 are between the ages of 13-15 and 2,855 are
between the ages of 16-17. The proportion of girls was 8.7% — 314 people.
Most or 1,602 of the minors by type of offense committed burglary (one year ago
— 1,581 persons), 453 were bullied (284 persons, an increase of 60 percent),
135 were fraud (134 persons), 181 were robbed and raided (162 persons,
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+11%), 104 committed intentional bodily harm (74, +40%), 54 were attempted
to touch and name (46, +20%)), 27 — extortion (16.70%) while 12 committed
the crime of intentional homicide and attempted manslaughter (10.20%).
In addition to the work carried out by our president in the management of the
state and society, special attention is paid to the issues of crime prevention and
upbringing, spirituality among minors. In this regard, schools are setting out
specific measures aimed at solving problems, working with parents and
neighborhood activists of students who have problems with Juvenile
Delinquency Prevention, meaningful leisure and vocational guidance, education
and education.
We found it necessary to state our opinion as follows, based on the hypothesis
that the aggressiveness of adolescents in their personality and its predisposition
to aggressive morality are determined in a significant way by its individual
development. Many factors are involved in the origin of aggressive ethics,
including age, gender, individual characteristics, external physical and social
conditions. For example, in an individual, deviance, aggression can be fully
developed, potentiated by noise, heat, tightness, environmental problems,
meteosharoit and similar external conditions. However, many researchers of
this issue try to explain that the decisive role in the formation of deviant
behavior in a person is played by his direct social lifestyle. In our eyes, the
individual considers some of the leading factors that call for or support deviant
behavior.
Methodology: E.V. Zmanovskaya defines the following groups of factors that
determine the deviant behavior of an individual: - external conditions of the
physical environment; - external social conditions; - internal, hereditary-
biological and constitutional conditions; -personal (psychological) causes and
mechanisms of deviant behavior. In our opinion, the study of socio-psychological
determinants of the manifestation of deviant behavior in adolescents uhun it is
recommended to start with social factors in the first place. In these processes, of
course, positive results are noted in the processes associated with the work of
the adolescent personality with factors leading to deviance, the observance of
the norms of social life of children with deviant behavior on the basis of
conducting correctional work.
In general, for the development of the personality of a child and a teenager,
aggression is not visible, its result and the incorrect reaction of those around
him are dangerously affected. When violence gives attention, authoritarianism,
recognition, money, other advantages, in the case of children and adolescents, a
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socially functioning and structured morality based on large people (for example,
criminal groups) is formed, which is most likely based on the culture of power.
Attempts by those around them to suppress aggression by force lead to the
opposite expected effect in most situations.
The manifestation of deviant behavior in older people, their appearance is much
more diverse, since most often these processes are determined by their
individual characteristics. As Individual-personal descriptions, potentiating
aggressive morals are usually also viewed as sabous situations, such as public
disapproval, skepticism, superstitious habits (such as national), as well as not
shortening this feeling instead of being ashamed of sinfulness, not admitting the
guilt they have committed. An important role in supporting a tendency to
violence can be played by a person's belief in his own fate (and sometimes the
fate of other people as well) as the fact that he is considered the sole governor,
as well as his positive attitude towards aggression (useful or normative
appearance).
It is possible to talk about people in a separate category - extremists who
demonstrate aggression, or more often, or in the final form. Extremists, in turn,
are clearly divided into two groups: with low and high self-control. While the
former consistently exhibit aggression in the strength of weakly developed self -
control mechanisms, those in the second group-even long-term abstinence from
strong lambs-exhibit final manifestations of aggression (up to brutal) once
internal resources are depleted.
Another characteristic that affects the deviant behavior of an individual is its
ability to tolerate frustration. It is known that under frustration is understood a
situation called by the barriers to satisfaction of the need or the path to
achieving the goal. Some authors consider frustration as one of the leading
causes of aggressive ethics. Frustration in general is a very common sight and
these people differ greatly in their ability to handle it. If aggressive morality is
successfully helped to eliminate frustration, then in accordance with the laws of
education it will be strengthened in great probability. Also, if a person is highly
susceptible to frustration, then again, a problem may arise if socially acceptable
ways to overcome frustration have not been developed.
In the manifestation of Deviant behavior - if we evaluate the sexual (gender)
factor, - then teenage boys show much higher direct and physical, and teenage
girls-indirect and verbal aggression. In general, at the same time, when teenage
girls often and successfully resort to its psychological variant, a great
predisposition to the use of physical force on the male sex is noted.
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Despite the entire importance of age, gender and individual factors, in the
formation of aggressive ethics, according to many researchers, social conditions
in the development of personality are of leading importance. The influence of the
media (media) on the personality deviant behavior can be considered one of the
most controversial issues. Proponents of the negative impact of the media come
from the argument that people learn to behave aggressively, first of all, by
observing the aggression of others. M.Hewsmann observed the reciprocity
between television viewing and aggression with a team of researchers over a
period of 20 years. Through social networks, which are now growing, we can see
that under the influence of azart games aimed at poisoning the consciousness of
young people, their spiritual world, adolescents show conflicts in the system of
family relations, the disappearance of mutual respect in the system of
interpersonal relations, manifestations of aggressive behavior. The mechanism
of formation of deviant behavior in adolescents can be seen in the following
image: TV show, azart games, a feeling of interest in shots with scenes of
savagery - aggressive fantasies - impersonation with a character, mastering an
aggressive way of solving a problem and influencing people, repeating
aggressive actions, using aggression to solve a problem in interpersonal
relationships are recorded in situations such as In general, the reaction of people
to stage performances, which are characterized by aggressive scenes, violent
situations, can be varied: disgusting, unpleasant, virtualization (perception of
the described phenomenon in a non-standard quality), only in some cases - such
as admiring or striving for imitation can be conspicuous.
As a factor influencing the deviant behavior of the adolescent personality, we
can see that the influence of the social environment of the family remains the
main social resource in the formation of aggressive morality in the individual. It
is well known that aggression is manifested not only in relation to enemies
strangers or opponents. Psychological or physical exertion is not an absolutely
rare phenomenon for most families. The forms of manifestations of aggressive
states in families are diverse. These can be direct physical or sexual abuse,
coldness, bullying, negative assessment, pressure on the individual, non-
focusing on the adolescent individual, not receiving the child emotionally, and
several other crusading situations like this.
Family members can show aggressive morals in themselves or provide
encouragement to an unwanted act of the child, such as encouraging punching,
pride in his victory, ridiculing the little ones of himself, inducing him to show “I”,
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creating visions of deviant behavior in his teenage personality without being
directly aware of themselves.
Conclusions and analysis: thus, aggressive morality is a fairly typical sight for
children and adolescents. In addition, in the process of socialization of the
individual, aggressive morality performs a number of important functions.
Aggression in moderation frees the individual from fear, helps to protect their
own interests, protects against external danger, promotes adaptation. In this
regard, it is possible to talk about two types of aggression: harmless-manifested
in adapted and destructive - not adapted manifestations.
The study of the problem of Deviant behavior is directly visible not only in
adolescent boys, but also in negative situations that are observed in the
activities of adolescent girls. Based on the observed experiments, it can be
concluded that criminogenic crimes, characteristic of women or men, may differ
from one another for some time. Deviations such as infanticide, escape from
home, foxholding, shoplifting are often committed by teenage girls. Teenage
boys, on the other hand, often have a high incidence of car hijacking, raiding,
burglary, inappropriate touching, bodily injury, and performing criminal acts
related to manslaughter.
The age factor determines the specific ethics at different stages of ontogenesis.
The dynamics of age-related characteristics of the lawlessness, deviant behavior
are noticeable as follows:
most crimes are observed between 25 and 35 years of age;
the amount of crime will grow from 14 to 29 years old without any words;
in most cases, the commission of a crime is 29 years old;
There is a slow decline between the ages of 29 and 40;
After 40, making a crime becomes sparse.
Obviously, anti-social behavior can be spoken of only after reaching a certain
age. It is not before the age of 6-8 that a small child can not adequately
understand his morality, control it and social norms. Only in school will the child
for the first time and really collide with principled social requirements, and from
this school age it will be possible to expect the child to strictly follow the Basic
Rules of morality.
In the early stage of ontogenesis, a violation of social morality reflects problems
in the child's psychic development or a nervous reaction with a character that
passes from generation to generation. For example, a child's theft at the age of
five can be associated with hyperpholicity, an eternal need for attention and
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love, a reaction to the loss of a loved one, a cessation in intellectual development,
the impossibility of obtaining the necessary nutrients and items.
Thus, the interest in aggressive behavior under the negative influence of internal
and external socio-psychological factors becomes, indeed, bad forms of deviant
behavior, and this can go from robust destructive behavior to forms dangerous
to society. We can also say that aggression in moderation has a protective
character and serves to lead a life. At the same time, it appears as a source of
activity of the individual, its creative potential and striving for achievements,
manifested in a socio-personal position.
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