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PERIODICAL PRESS AND CREATION OF ITS LEGAL BASIS
Urinova Bozorgul Zokirovna
candidate of historical sciences, associate professor
Department of Jurisprudence and social-political sciences,
Bukhara State University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12736635
Annotation:
The
article covers the periodical press and the fact that
journalists of Uzbekistan, due to national independence, for the first time in their
history, have achieved the legal and political basis necessary for democratic
development. This basis is also an important guarantee for the development of
journalism in a free society. The adoption of mass media laws is concrete. It is a
phenomenon caused by the current social and political processes in our country,
and it is a sign that different opinions and views are developing in our country
and that democratic values have taken a strong place in the social life of
Uzbekistan.
Keywords:
Press, mass media, law, legal, court, authority, guarantee,
freedom, system, independence, activity
Since independence, the journalism of our country has become a vital
necessity to operate within the framework of relevant laws in the legal space,
and first of all, it should serve the interests of the people. After all, the place of
mass media in a democratic legal society is determined not by the government,
but by the audience and readership. Therefore, the problem of forming free
mass media in our republic, strengthening their legal base in accordance with
world standards and democratic requirements nowadays has become an urgent
issue.
According to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
June 27
th
– the date of establishment of the “Taraqqi” newspaper, was declared
“Day of press and mass media employees”
1
in our country. In the conditions of
independence, one of the most important changes in the time press system of
the republic is the creation of special newspapers in the languages of other
people living in the republic, such as Russians, Kazakhs, and Turkmens, along
with the increase of publications in the Uzbek language. 153 newspapers and
magazines are published in different languages in our country, among them
there are editions published in two, three and even four languages
2
. The
1
Since 1997, June 27 has been celebrated as Mass Media Day in our country.
4
Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “About mass media”, December 26, 1997. “On amendments and additions to the
Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “About mass media”. “Khalk suzi”, January 16, 2007.
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declaration of mass media of the Republic of Uzbekistan as free and the adoption
of the special law “About mass media” was an important political and cultural
event
3
. The legal status of mass media, the place, role, main tasks and activities
of journalism in the political system of the State and society in general began to
change. As a part of the history of the republic, a new system of the press, which
operates in the conditions of a humane legal democratic state, was established.
However, in the early days of independence, under the influence of a number of
objective and subjective factors, the development process of the press became
more complicated. Because of the change in the press culture, journalists have
been able to provide the public with unbiased information. The experience
gained in the years of independence in creating a new system of the press, the
characteristics of the press in the market conditions, including the problems of
increasing the economic efficiency of editorial activities, still require important
scientific-theoretical, practical analysis and research. The press, in general, the
current and future successful development of mass media depends on finding
the right solutions to these problems.
In general, it is desirable to have the following four important legal bases
for journalism to become a real “fourth power”:
- democratic and solid constitutional guarantee and its implementation;
- democratic laws and legal norms (including the legal guarantee of
economic freedom of mass media) and their practical activities;
- the conditions of political freedom, that is, the study of the intervention
of the state power in the work of mass media and their right to criticize the
government;
- the last but important foundation - independent judiciary
4
.
Social and political stability in the country is sufficiently dependent on the
state of public opinion, and another social institution - the mass media - was
given an important role in its formation.
From this point of view, we have both the duty and the right to note the
great role of the Uzbek press in the revival of the historical, advanced traditions
and values of our people, the rich spiritual life of our ancient country, and the
unique contribution to the current global and regional traditions. In this sense, it
2
Abduazimova N. History of national journalism. (Era of national independence). In two volumes. Vol. 2. Tashkent:
Shark. 2008. -p 238.
3
Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “About mass media”, December 26, 1997.
(The new version of the “Law on measures to support mass media” was adopted on June 27, 2022).
4
Abduazimova N. History of national journalism. (Era of national independence). In two volumes. Vol. 2. Tashkent:
Shark. 2008. -p 329.
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is appropriate to interpret the history of the press of Uzbekistan as a
phenomenon interrelated with the history of science, the history of thought and
the history of enlightenment. Therefore, the role of journalism as the “fourth
power” in society is determined by the age, quality, experience and level of
development of democracy.
Therefore, the constitutional norms and laws related to the mass media are the
main factors of the effectiveness of journalism. At present, we have the
opportunity to receive direct information about the events taking place in
different parts of the world. And there is no doubt that in the future this process
will expand further, acquire new meaning, and the press and information media
will become more liberalized.
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