22
MONTESSORI APPROACH TO EDUCATE CHILDREN
Botirova Ruxshona
1st stage student of UZWLU
Group-2207 Scientific
Superviser: Inogamova N.
Annotation:
This article discusses 10 guiding principles of Montessori teaching
style that works for efficiency while educating offspring.
Key words:
Montessori classroom, formal education, kids, techniques, activities,
concentrate.
Early in the 20th century, an Italian doctor named Maria Montessori observed kids
to discover how they learned about their surroundings and initially articulated the
Montessori technique. Instead than pressuring kids into a particular behavior, she
aimed to create a form of education that they would find appealing.
There is not just one way to educate people. As demonstrated by the Montessori
approach, there are numerous ways to educate oneself about the world. There are
thousands of Montessori schools across the country, and they are rising in
popularity. However, if you are unaware of the ideas beyond the realm of formal
education, it could be challenging to comprehend.
For you to decide if Montessori is best for your children, we will go over 10 guiding
principles.
10 Montessori Ideas Parents Should Understand
Do not confine education to the classroom alone. The concepts of Montessori can
be applied to your daily life. Following are 10 guidelines for parents with kids
attending Montessori schools in Philadelphia or elsewhere:
1.
Freedom With Restrictions
The freedom aspect of Montessori is key freedom to investigate, liberty to become
independent. However, many people equate "letting the youngster do whatever,
whenever they want" with independence. That is not it, though. Kids need to feel
free and appreciated if they are wish to travel the world. However, you must also
23
offer secure chances. You must act as a role model and establish boundaries in a
secure environment, much like Montessori school teachers do. Your child's
environment can grow after they learn to appreciate their surroundings, possessions,
and impulse control. More restrictions should be placed on younger kids, such as
using safety equipment to prevent harm. The other Montessori principles likewise
outline techniques for granting freedom within constraints.
2.
A Prepared Setting
The concept of a "prepared environment" is one of what makes Montessori
principles unique in the classroom and at home. Children learn how to take care of
the space that is given to them in such a setting. The area is thoughtfully set up to
allow kids to explore at their own pace while being only motivated by curiosity.
As was previously mentioned, prepared surroundings permit independence and
freedom within certain parameters. The main focus of a Montessori classroom is to
motivate children to take an active role in their learning.
You can prepare an environment by setting up a room so that kids have many
possibilities for playing and exploring. For instance, your youngster could choose
toys and books from open shelves in a playroom.
3.
Process of observation
The Montessori approach was developed because of observing kids during play.
You can learn a lot about your child as a parent, just as Montessori teachers watch
kids to see how they develop. You can learn about their unique interests, the skills
they are working on, and more by easy observation.
Get down on your child's level and consider the world from their point of view if
you wish to use observation more effectively. You might learn the reasons behind
your child's persistent attempts to climb a chair or their intense interest in a
particular thing.
4.
The Real World
Even though they are not yet capable of abstract thought, children frequently live in
a fantasy world. After children have received an education based on truth,
Montessori advises introducing fantasy. Although it might be challenging, classes
24
and homes utilizing the Montessori method can concentrate on simulating ordinary
life via activities like cooking, cleaning, reading about the natural world, and
playing outside.
5.
Education for Peace
Peace is a fundamental value that is expressed in Montessori schools all throughout
the world. Local and global communities are taught. A Montessori education also
emphasizes stress management, the real world, and nonviolent conflict resolution.
Discussing social injustice, positive and negative emotions, tolerance, empathy, and
respect are all part of this type of education.
6.
Less is More
It makes sense for many parents to want to spoil their children. Such consumption is
pointless, as Montessori tells us. A child can understand their surroundings and
establish order more readily the fewer toys they have. In contrast, having too many
toys might become overpowering. Making decisions will be difficult for a child,
which can result in less time spent traveling.
A lack of options also makes each item less valuable. When youngsters do not treat
their toys with respect, they may smash them or claim to be bored and demand
more. As a result, limit the quantity of children's toys and switch them out regularly.
7.
No Penalties or Benefits
Through careful observation, Maria Montessori concluded that neither rewards nor
punishments are effective ways to discipline kids. She did discover "inner
discipline," which is brought on by a child's sense of accountability, to be
beneficial.
You might notice that mutual respect is a need of every Montessori concept.
Children must feel respected because when they have an authentic relationship with
their parents and realize they are contributing, they will work hard. As a result,
there are less behavioral outbursts. Naturally, parents must also emphasize how bad
behavior has natural repercussions. Naturally, children will learn what occurs when
they act violently or purposefully damage their stuff. It is also crucial to remember
that you do not have to compliment your child every time they accomplish
25
something. Children naturally want to learn and do not require rewards to do so. If
you constantly praise them, they will grow up believing they are entitled to rewards.
8.
Enhance Your Natural Senses
A youngster starts using all of their senses as soon as they breathe their first breath.
Over time, some of those senses will become stronger than others. A youngster,
however, is far more sensitive to touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing than an adult
is between the ages of 0 and 6 years.
Babies, for instance, can identify their parents just by smelling them. They put items
in their mouths to learn about the world.
This is why natural objects are essential, according to Montessori ideas. Plastic,
which has no flavor or texture, is preferred over wood, textiles, and other natural
materials. To develop the senses, materials in Montessori classrooms come in a
wide variety of weights, sizes, colors, and textures.
9.
Work Schedules
Lessons in real Montessori classrooms in Philadelphia and elsewhere will be
organized around uninterrupted work hours. The work period often lasts between
two and three hours, depending on the age of the children. Children have longer
work times so they may focus on a single subject, as opposed to dividing time into
shorter segments. The kids will be able to concentrate and really enjoy what they
are learning if they do it this manner. Children may also work at their own pace
during these times.
10.
Touchy Moments
A child's capacity to learn and remember information or to master a task can
occasionally rise significantly, as they develop. You as a parent can notice your kids
showing an increased interest in language. To create their own voice, they begin to
mimic your speech patterns. You can support your child's development at home if
you can learn to identify these critical times.
References:
1.
Source www.fishtownmontessori.com
26
2.
Philadelphia school journal (official)
3.
Maria Montessori “Montessori activities versus open-ended play” program
4.
Тошбоева, Барно. "Особенности обучения произношению на английском
языке в начальных классах средней школы." (2018).
27
CHET TILLARNI O’QITISH JARAYONIDA YUZAGA KELUVCHI
MUAMMOLAR VA ULARNING YECHIMLARI
Sunnatova Dilnoza Shokir qizi
2221 -guruh talabasi Ilmiy rahbar:
Avezmetov Jahongir
O’zbekiston davlat
jahon tillar universiteti
Amaliyot mukammal qiladi va siz o'zingiz tasavvur qilmagan usullarni
o'rganasiz va yechim topasiz.
(Hikmatlar)
XXI asr zamonaviy texnika va ilm fan tarraqiyoti davridir. Insoniyat har
sohada, har jabhada jaddallik bilan rivojlanib bormoqda. Zamon bilan hamnafas
bo'lish uchun xorijiy tillarni o'rganishga bo'lgan xohish yuqori darajada o'smoqda.
Respublikamizda ham qator islohotlar amalga oshirilmoqda. Chet tillarini o'rganish
tizimini yanada takomillashtirish chora-tadbirlari to'g'risidagi prezident farmonining
asosiy maqsadi ham zamonaviy fikrlovchi yosh avlodni shakllantirish hamda,
respublikani jahon hamjamiyatida integratsiyalshuviga chuqur yonadashishdir. Yosh
avlodni qo'llab-quvvatlash uchun keng ko'lamdagi islohotlar ham yaqqol misoldir.
Masalan, yoshlar ishlari agentligi tomonidan xalqaro imtihon (IELTS, TOEFL)
xarajatlari to'liq qoplanadi. Bunday imkoniyatlar yosh avlod uchun ko'plab
imkoniyatlar eshigini ochadi. Ammo, bu yo'lni bosib o'tishda ular ko'plab
muammolarga duch kelishmoqda. Oliy ta'lim muassasalari talabalari, akademik
litsey, maktablar va hattoki kichik yoshdagi bolalarda ham bu holat kuzatilmoqda.
Maqola davomida so'zlashuv bo'limining (speaking) asosiy muammolari
hamda unga ba'zi yechimlarini berib o'tmoqchiman. Bu tillarning kelib chiqishi bilan
uzviy bo'g'liqdir. Asosiy sabablardan biri ikki ayro bobo tilli, bu holat o'z navbatida
fonetik, leksik, grammatik, hatto transkripsiya qoidalari o'rtasidagi tafovutni yuzaga
keltiradi. So'zlashuv bo'limida har bir so'zlovchida qo'rquv mavjud. Bular:
