Volume 05 Issue 10-2024
115
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
10
Pages:
115-125
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
ABSTRACT
This article explores the methodology for identifying and developing students' research skills through the
organization and conduct of club activities focused on the "Mechanics" section of physics. The study emphasizes the
importance of integrating theoretical knowledge with practical activities to foster students' investigative abilities. The
principle of gradual progression from simple to complex tasks is applied to ensure consistent skill development.
Additionally, the article highlights the role of hands-on problem-solving, laboratory experiments, and the use of
physics equipment in enhancing the educational process. The research demonstrates that students’ participation in
structured extracurricular activities promotes not only academic growth but also contributes to their ability to apply
scientific knowledge to real-world problems.
KEYWORDS
Research skills, methodology, club activities, mechanics, physics education, laboratory experiments, problem-solving,
extracurricular learning, skill development, scientific inquiry.
INTRODUCTION
Extracurricular Activities as a Part of General
Education
Extracurricular activities are an essential part of
educational and developmental work in schools and a
form of organizing students' leisure time meaningfully.
These activities provide ample opportunities to
develop well-rounded individuals and prepare students
for life. Extracurricular clubs include a system of
various activities aimed at educating and imparting
Research Article
METHODOLOGY FOR IDENTIFYING STUDENTS' RESEARCH SKILLS
THROUGH THE ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT OF CLUB ACTIVITIES
RELATED TO THE "MECHANICS" SECTION OF PHYSICS
Submission Date:
October 15, 2024,
Accepted Date:
October 20, 2024,
Published Date:
October 25, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-05-10-20
Raxmonov Ikrom Abdukarimovich
Lecturer At The "General Physics" Department At Termez State University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://masterjournals.
com/index.php/crjp
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 05 Issue 10-2024
116
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
10
Pages:
115-125
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
knowledge to students. These activities are conducted
outside school hours by teaching staff, class teachers,
youth organizations, and student self-governance
bodies. Such clubs offer the most opportunities for
developing students' research skills.
Schools implement various types of extracurricular
clubs. Special attention is given to organizing these
activities and fostering students' research abilities.
1. Supporting Continuous Research Skills
Extracurricular clubs provide opportunities for
continuously supporting students' research abilities.
Interest in topics and the initiative to explore them
further arise naturally from students' capabilities.
Creating such opportunities during regular lessons
would require additional time.
2. Time Beyond Regular Lessons
Activities such as preparing technical objects for
laboratory work and assembling them require more
time than is available during regular lessons,
necessitating extracurricular sessions.
3. Access to Resources and Expertise
Conducting research activities also requires access to
equipment, tools, and expert advice, which are best
provided in these settings.
4. Creating a Productive Research Environment
A productive research environment that encourages
teamwork and effective collaboration is essential. Such
an environment can be optimally created within
extracurricular clubs through carefully organized
activities.
Challenges in Extracurricular Research Activities
Teachers must address several challenges during
students' research activities, including the need to
sustain students' interest in the club. Participation in
these clubs is voluntary and continues throughout the
year. Regularly analyzing the composition of the club
and holding discussions with teachers confirms that
students' interest in research increases over time and
reaches its peak during the activities.
When a teacher selects or develops topics aligned with
the school curriculum and criteria for developing
research skills, the sessions become more effective.
For example, during physics club sessions, the teacher
guides students toward key concepts, omitting less
significant details and providing brief information or
solutions, directing students' attention to the essential
aspects of the phenomenon or process under study.
The effectiveness of a methodology aimed at
developing students' research skills depends on the
students' engagement and the success of their
research activities. The success of research cycles, in
turn, depends on the degree to which students acquire
the necessary knowledge to solve the given tasks.
Additionally, success is determined by the conditions
necessary for quickly implementing the project. Both
factors depend on how well the club's program is
designed to ensure successful future sessions.
Physics Club "Young Researcher Physicists"
The topics covered in the "Young Researcher
Physicists" club must be related exclusively to physics.
The closer the topics are to the curriculum and the
fewer additional explanations required, the easier it is
for the physics teacher to manage the activities.
Therefore, the club leader must choose engaging
topics for students that present a series of challenges
within the field of physics. These challenges, both
theoretical and practical, form the foundation of
students' research activities. Other tasks serve merely
to complete the research cycle. The process should be
as efficient as possible to ensure students quickly
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achieve practical results and feel satisfied with their
success.
Planning the Activities of the "Young Researcher
Physicists" Club
It is advisable to plan the activities of the "Young
Researcher Physicists" club to ensure engaging
sessions for students.
Below is a sample plan for organizing the activities of
the club (Table 1).
Table 1
Activity Plan for the Club
Т/р
Form and Location of Activities
Content of
Activities
Duration of
Activities
Participants and
Facilitators
1
2
Effectiveness of Club Activities
The effectiveness of a club largely depends on how
well the plan is structured. The club must have its own
journal or logbook. Members should also maintain
individual diaries. The teacher records students’
interests, methods of conducting activities, students'
independence, and challenging questions in the
logbook. A list of relevant literature is also included.
The program of the "Young Researcher Physicists" club
is designed for students in grades 7-10. The uniqueness
of the club lies in preparing students to understand
school subjects, apply their knowledge in practice, and
connect it with science, technology, and engineering.
The "Young Researcher Physicists" club is one of the
key elements in a general education school structure.
It helps foster and support students' interest in specific
activities, broadening and deepening the skills and
competencies they acquire in class. The club creates
conditions for personal development and serves as a
source of motivation for students, providing emotional
satisfaction
and
promoting
interdisciplinary
connections. It also develops qualities such as
perseverance, aesthetic sense, and research abilities.
Developing students' research skills in physics is one of
the primary tasks for physics teachers in modern
schools. Experimental research and assignments are
essential tools in developing these abilities. Students'
ability to solve problems depends mainly on their
preparation and understanding of the subject matter.
Solving non-standard problems and conducting
interesting experiments stimulate and strengthen
students' interest in physics.
The club activities progress from simple to complex
stages, allowing for the correct selection of teaching
methods and allocation of time for theoretical and
practical tasks.
The club leader, together with the members, develops
the club's charter. The charter typically includes the
following sections:
a) Objectives and tasks of the club,
b) Content and methods of the club activities,
c) Leadership and membership structure,
d) Rights, obligations, and duties of the members.
At the end of the academic year, a report on the club's
activities is presented, which typically includes:
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a) A yearly report by the active members of the club,
b) Recognition of the best participants,
c) Selection of new active members for the next
academic year.
Innovation in the Program
The uniqueness of this educational program lies in the
development of learning and research skills through
various activities, including didactic games based on
interactive teaching technologies.
The program is designed for one academic year, with a
total of 17 hours allocated for its implementation.
Program Objectives
•
To form a holistic understanding of the
world based on acquired knowledge, skills, and
methods of practical activities.
•
To gain experience in both individual and
collaborative research activities.
•
To prepare students for the conscious
choice of future careers.
Program Tasks
1. Educational:
a) Encourage self-development among members when
studying physics topics,
b) Develop and support students' interest in learning
physics as a science,
c) Introduce students to the latest achievements in
science, technology, and engineering,
d) Teach students to solve problems using non-
standard methods,
e) Increase students' activity in conducting
experiments and using information technologies for
research.
2. Character-Building:
a) Cultivate confidence in students' abilities,
knowledge of natural laws, and the rational use of
scientific achievements,
b) Foster respect for people and the environment,
c) Develop an appreciation for physics as an element of
human culture,
d) Improve students' communication and behavior
skills.
3. Developmental:
a) Enhance students' knowledge, skills, and
competencies and teach them to work independently
with scientific literature,
b) Develop practical skills in applying physics
knowledge in everyday life,
c) Foster students' research abilities.
Forms of Club Activities (Figure 1):
Different formats for conducting club activities
include:
•
Practical and experimental sessions
•
Group discussions and problem-solving
activities
•
Project work and presentations
•
Competitions and quizzes
•
Guest lectures and field trips
These diverse forms ensure that students remain
engaged while developing both their theoretical and
practical skills in physics.
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Figure 1. Components of Developing Students' Research Skills and Their Elements
It is not always possible to demonstrate every object,
phenomenon, process, or event related to the studied
topic during the lesson. Therefore, excursions are
organized based on the subject being studied. In
essence, excursions are considered an auxiliary form of
education. An excursion plan includes the topic and
purpose, the object of the excursion, the order of
acquaintance with the object, the organization of
students' perception activities, the tools and
equipment required to complete tasks, and the
conclusion process.
The method of conducting an excursion depends on
the topic, didactic objectives, the students' age and
level of development, and the nature of the excursion
object. During the excursion, principles such as
visualization and the connection between theory and
practice are implemented. Students' cognitive and
research activities, as well as their sense of community
and patriotism, develop during the excursion.
Additionally, excursions contribute to students'
aesthetic education. The success of an excursion
largely depends on the teacher's preparation.
The preparation phase includes:
a) Selecting the location and observing it in advance,
b) Assessing students' prior knowledge and concepts
related to the topic,
c) Planning the excursion and defining its objectives.
To improve the learning process or verify the accuracy
of scientific assumptions, the discussion method is
used. This method fosters independent thinking in
students. During discussions, students express their
thoughts, debate their ideas, and prepare to articulate
their views verbally. This process ensures that students
develop a clear and focused thought process.
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During discussions, students may feel the need to
express their opinions and justify their correctness.
They learn to support their viewpoints with physical
concepts, rules, laws, and formulas, developing the
skill of providing examples and finding evidence.
The discussion method is usually employed both in
individual and group formats with teachers and
students. Before applying this method, a purposeful
plan is created, implementation paths are determined,
and the outcomes are analyzed to draw relevant
conclusions.
Physics Nights
Physics nights are one of the most labor-intensive yet
effective extracurricular events in schools. They aim to
deepen and expand students' knowledge of various
branches of physics. These events require the
participation of many students, who prepare
demonstration
experiments,
produce
wall
newspapers, decorate the event venue, and welcome
guests. Preparing for the event helps foster teamwork
among students.
Like all events, physics nights require careful planning
and precise organization. The theme, stages,
sequence, duration, venue decoration, demonstration
experiments, selection of equipment and models, and
wall newspaper production must all be well-planned
and prepared.
Physics nights can be dedicated to various topics, such
as:
•
Specific sections or topics from the physics
curriculum
•
Achievements in science, technology, and
engineering
•
Significant
dates
(e.g.,
Radio
Day,
Cosmonautics Day)
•
The lives and contributions of prominent
local and international physicists
•
Results of club activities
•
Fun and interesting aspects of physics
Physics nights dedicated to specific topics in physics
serve as a tool for deepening students' knowledge.
School Olympiads
School-level Olympiads play a crucial role in selecting
talented students for regional stages and preparing
them for both national and international competitions.
The goal is to identify students' potential and prepare
them for prestigious national and regional Olympiads.
It is recommended that school physics Olympiads be
organized in three formats:
1.
Written work
–
To assess students'
theoretical knowledge.
2.
Laboratory work
–
To evaluate practical and
experimental skills.
3.
Tests
–
To measure overall comprehension
and problem-solving abilities.
This structure ensures a comprehensive evaluation of
students' capabilities, providing a foundation for
further participation in higher-level competitions.
Written Work
In written tasks, five problems are selected based on
the students' grade level and the curriculum. The
complexity of the problems varies.
Laboratory Wor
Laboratory work aims to determine the extent to
which students can apply their theoretical knowledge
about physical phenomena and processes in practice.
It also fosters students' research abilities.
Test Questions
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Test questions cover the content of the curriculum,
helping students develop skills to analyze the
knowledge they have acquired in each topic.
Seminar
A seminar is one of the main forms of organizing the
learning process, where students engage in group
discussions on theoretical topics under the teacher’s
supervision.
During seminars, teachers conduct Q&A sessions with
students. The teacher interacts with students
individually, asking targeted questions rather than
addressing the whole group. If a student gives an
unclear or incomplete answer, the teacher helps clarify
or supplement the response.
The purpose of the seminar is to deepen the
theoretical concepts introduced during lessons,
evaluate and reinforce students' knowledge, and
develop their ability to work with literature. It also aims
to enhance students' engagement, encourage
independent thinking, and promote their research
abilities.
Wall Newspaper Design
One of the educational activities in the club is designing
wall newspapers. These newspapers can cover various
topics, and teachers may assign them at any point
during the club's sessions. Students create their own
newspaper pages based on sample templates,
contributing their ideas.
The wall newspaper allows students to express
themselves creatively and report on events. It can be
tailored to any subject. One advantage of the wall
newspaper project is that it enables students to convey
their ideas rather than just display artistic skills.
Teachers can adapt the task to students' needs by
allowing either manual or digital creation.
Since there are numerous wall newspaper templates
available, students and teachers can easily find the
resources they need to design the newspaper from
scratch.
Project Work
When working on projects, students must prepare
thoroughly, following a clear plan and purpose. Project
work involves a systematic approach aimed at
achieving specific goals. It requires more effort and
independent work compared to routine assignments.
Students gather information through literature, the
internet, and empirical data, which they then analyze
for their project.
The project culminates in a written report, which
includes:
- The project topic
-
The project’s objectives
- Equipment and resources used
- Project development
- Analysis and findings
- Conclusions
Each group prepares a presentation based on their
project work and delivers a report on their findings.
The content, objectives, and tasks of the research
activities are geared towards achieving clear
outcomes. The research activities (conducted in club
sessions) must align with the theoretical knowledge,
practical sessions, and laboratory work covered in the
academic curriculum.
Research Method
The research method is one of the key approaches
used to develop students' research skills. This method
encourages inquiry by setting practical, knowledge-
based problems that require independent and creative
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solutions. Through the use of the research method,
students engage in creative activities, applying
previously acquired knowledge and skills to new
situations. They learn to identify relationships between
phenomena and laws and develop the ability to find
optimal solutions to problems.
Table 2
Work Plan for the "Young Researcher Physicists" Club for Grade 7 Students (2022-2023 Academic Year)
Т/р
Йиллик иш режа мавзулари
hour
Form of
Implemen
tation
Date
Implementa
tion
1.
General Information about
Mechanical Motion
Linear Motion
2
theoretical
2.
•
Solving Problems
2
theoretical
3.
Uniformly Accelerated Motion
2
Practical
4.
Speed, Acceleration, and Distance
Covered
2
theoretical
5.
Solving Problems
2
Practical
6.
"Determining the Acceleration of an
Object in Uniformly Accelerated
Motion" (Laboratory Work-1)
2
Practical
7.
Uniform Circular Motion
2
theoretical
8.
Laws of Motion
2
theoretical
9.
Solving Problems
2
Practical
10.
Motion of Objects under the
Influence of External Forces
2
theoretical
11.
Solving Problems
2
Practical
12.
Laws of Conservation of Momentum
2
theoretical
13.
Solving Problems
2
Practical
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14.
Work and Energy
2
theoretical
15.
Laws of Conservation of Energy
2
theoretical
16.
Solving Problems
2
Practical
17.
"Determining the Energy Lost during
the Impact of a Ball on the Floor"
(Laboratory Work-2)
2
Practical
In the learning process, students develop research
skills through studying theoretical knowledge,
practical exercises, and laboratory work. During a club
activity designed for 7th-grade students, they carry out
the recommended laboratory work based on the
knowledge they have acquired, utilizing their own
ideas, imagination, and thinking. The aim is to
determine the level of development of their research
abilities. In this process, the teacher introduces
students to concepts related to energy, kinetic and
potential energy, and elasticity.
Table 3
Work Plan of the "Young Researcher Physicists" Club
Designed for 10th-grade students for the 2022-2023 Academic Year
Т/р
Annual Work Plan Topics
Hour
Date
Imple
mentati
on
1.
Research Methods in Physics
2
Theoretic
al
2.
Types of Mechanical Motion
2
Theoretic
al
3.
Research Methods in Physics
2
Practical
4.
Types of Mechanical Motion
2
Theoretic
al
5.
Solving Problems
2
Practical
6.
Non-uniform Circular Motion. Angular Acceleration.
Tangential Acceleration
2
Theoretic
al
7.
Solving Problems
2
Practical
8.
Laws of Dynamics. Motion in a Gravitational Field
2
Theoretic
al
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9.
Solving Problems
2
Practical
10.
Energy and Work. Law of Conservation of Energy. Work
Done by an Object Moving along an Inclined Plane
2
Practical
11.
Solving Problems
2
Practical
12.
"Determining the Efficiency (E.F.F.) of a Device for
Lifting an Object along an Inclined Plane" (Laboratory
Work-1)
2
Theoretic
al
13.
Determining the Efficiency of a Pulley System
(Laboratory Work-2)
2
Practical
14.
Conditions for the Equilibrium of Objects. Mechanisms
Based on the Law of Moments
2
Theoretic
al
15.
Solving Problems
2
Practical
16.
Dynamics of Rotational Motion. Harmonic Oscillations
2
Practical
17.
Solving Problems
2
Practical
In the learning process, students develop research
skills by studying theoretical knowledge, participating
in practical exercises, and conducting laboratory work.
During the club activities provided for 10th-grade
students, they apply their research abilities by
implementing tasks based on their ideas, imagination,
and reasoning.
The principle of progressing from simple to complex
was followed to foster students' research abilities.
Finding reliable solutions to tasks, verifying their
correctness, constructing equipment, and using
laboratory tools effectively are essential objectives for
ensuring efficiency in physics education.
From the above, it can be concluded that the
development of students' research skills through club
activities, like activities in any other subject, yields
concrete results. For instance, a student might
successfully solve a problem related to a research
project prepared in the club, improving a specific item
or device used in household or laboratory activities.
This undoubtedly leads to the application of the results
of the research tasks performed during the club
activities in real-world production processes.
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