Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
24
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(ISSN
–
2767-3758)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
24-26
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
6.
041
)
(2023:
7.
491
)
(2024:
8.235
)
OCLC
–
1242423883
Publisher:
Master Journals
ABSTRACT
Uzbek literature attracts the attention of literary critics with its diversity and wide range of images. From ancient times
to the present day, these images have been manifested in their own unique way. Most of the images came from
society and nature, and were initially found in examples of folk oral art. Classical literature serves as the foundation
for the development of most of them. The image of the nightingale is widely used in both folk oral art and fiction. In
folklore, it is found in songs, proverbs, folk epics and riddle, askia, and in fiction, it is found in Mahmud Kashgari's
"Devoni lug'otut-turk". This article analyzes the genesis of this image and the scope of its use in Uzbek classical
literature.
KEYWORDS
Nightingale, East, classical literature, Persian, sanduvach, andalib, hazordoston, dictionaries.
INTRODUCTION
In classical Eastern literature, there is a variety and
abundance of images from history, most of which are
manifested in connection with the environment. The
nightingale is one of the images brought from nature
to classical literature, which can be observed in the
artistic art of all peoples. The emergence of this image
is directly related to the way of life of mankind.
Because most of the early peoples lived a nomadic life.
They used birds as food products, and later in fine arts.
The nightingale is a small bird with a very pleasant
voice. It is a small bird with the words sanduvach in
Turkish, andalib [1] (anadil) or bulbul [2] in Arabic, and
bulbul [1] (balobil) in Persian. In classical literature, the
adjectives hazarova, hazarovoz, hazordoston, hazaro,
shabohang, shabhon (night-
singing bird), murg’i
Research Article
REFLECTIONS ON THE IMAGE OF THE NIGHTINGALE
Submission Date:
December 01, 2024,
Accepted Date:
December 05, 2024,
Published Date:
December 10, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-05-12-05
Kholboyeva Muslima
Doctoral student of the Institute of Uzbek language, literature and folklore of the Academy of Sciences of the
Republic of Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://masterjournals.
com/index.php/crjps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
25
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(ISSN
–
2767-3758)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
24-26
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
6.
041
)
(2023:
7.
491
)
(2024:
8.235
)
OCLC
–
1242423883
Publisher:
Master Journals
shabhiz (night-
watchful bird), murgi bog’
(garden
bird), murgi chaman (chaman bird), tundur, zandbof,
zandhon
(beautiful-voiced
bird)
[3],
zandlof
(nightingale), dezend [4] also express the concept of
nightingale. The words hazar and andalib are widely
used as synonyms for this word, and because it is a bird
with a beautiful voice, the meanings "hazordoston"
(tells a thousand and one stories), khushon (reads
well), khusgu (sings well), khushohang (with a
beautiful voice) are also used. The nightingale, which is
mentioned in various dialects of the Turkish language
with names such as boberdek, buburdek, kelejek,
kujulak, otlugen, and sanduvach [5], is also found in
Mahmud Kashgari's "Divoni lug'otut turk". In Ottoman
Turkish dictionaries, the meaning of “nightingale” is
defined as “a glass with a jug
, a water vessel, a goblet,
a jug” [6]. In the dictionary of Navoi’s works, the
following explanation is given: Nightingale: bulbuli
goyo-sayraqi, khushkhan nightingale; bulbuli shaydo-
given, in love, a nightingale that cries out [7]. In
“Burkhani Qote” the word “bo’burdak” is used for
nightingale [8].
The “nightingale” is one of the most important images
in Eastern and Western literature, and according to
experts, “it sings loudly during the spring months
when flowers bloom, and this situation is accepted in
literature as an imaginary love between the nightingale
and the flower” [9]. In this imaginary love, the
nightingale is imagined as the lover and the flower as
the beloved, and this relationship is considered a
literary and legendary motif [4]. The theme of love
between a flower and a nightingale has been observed
in Turkish literature since the 13th century. According
to research, a total of 22 works have been written on
the theme of a flower and a nightingale. These images
entered Western literature from Iranian literature to
Arabic literature, and from there through Spain and
Sicily [10].
In Mahmud Kashgari's "Devoni lug'otut turk", which
reflects the culture, literature, traditions and, most
importantly, the richness of the language of the
ancient Turkic peoples, the nightingale is depicted as a
bird, that is, it does not appear in the image of a lover,
but rather as a beautiful singer, a small bird. Kashgari
did not assign it any role. In this book, he uses the
Turkish word "sanduvach"
جودنس
instead of the Persian
word bulbul.
جلاغرق رنت ادنم جلادنس
روش رجا ىشت ككرآ جاودنس رتا غلتب
S
ȅ
ndä qachar sundïlach, M
ȅ
ndä tïnar qarg
’ï
lach,
Tatlïg’ otar sunduvach,
Ȅ
rkäk tishi uchrashur.
Content: Summer says to winter: The swallow flees
from you, the swallow delights in me. The nightingale
delights with her varied songs.
Yusuf Khos Hajib also uses the nightingale in his work
"Kutadgu bilig" to depict nature and the sky. The use
of words and expressions in folk speech such as
"bulbul" (a melodious singer), "bulbuligo'yo" (a
talkative or talkative person), "bulbul" (a pattern used
in folk applied art), "bulbulnavo" (one who sings like a
nightingale) [1] indicates that the word "bulbul" is
widely used in subjects other than love.
The nightangle was also used in the work of Nasiruddin
Rabguzi, who listed it among the birds.
O‘rlasa bulutlari gulchirar bog‘
-
u bo‘ston,
Tol yig‘ochlar еng solishur o‘ynayurtek qo‘y
-
qo‘zi.
…Lola sag‘roqi
n icharda sayrar usrub sanduvach,
Turnalar un tortib o‘tarda sakrashur baqlan, qo‘zi.
Ko‘kda o‘ynar, qo‘l solishur qug‘u, g‘oz, qil,
qarlug‘och,
Yerda yugurub juft olishur os, tiyin, kish, qunduzi.
Tol yig‘ochlar minbarinda to‘ti qush majlis tutar,
Qumri,
bulbul muqri bo‘lub un tuzar tun
-kunduzi.
…Huri ayn ujmoh ichinda еng solib tahsin qilur,
Yoz uza mundog‘ g‘azallar aymishdi Nosir Rabg‘uziy.
Rabguzi describes the arrival of spring as “the gardens
are covered with flowers” and “the birds are playing
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
26
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(ISSN
–
2767-3758)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
24-26
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
6.
041
)
(2023:
7.
491
)
(2024:
8.235
)
OCLC
–
1242423883
Publisher:
Master Journals
and s
inging.” He uses the words sanduvach and bulbul,
which are synonymous, together in one ghazal.
In classical literature, the nightingale represents the
soul of the creator, and sometimes even himself.
Accordingly, Sayyid Ahmad compares himself to a
nightingale in his work "Taashshuqnama":
Ne bo‘ldi ko’zga ilmassen qulungni,
Unutting, ey yuzi gul, bulbulingni.
The nightingale suffered because of the beauty of its
voice, was imprisoned in cages, and became a legend.
That is why our ancestors said, “The nightingale's
tongue is a curse.” Another reason why this bird is
legendary is the idea that it is in love with a flower.
In the ghazals written by artists who lived before
Alisher Navoi, the face, cheek, mouth, lips, and ear of
the beloved were traditionally represented by a flower,
and her lover, sometimes the poet, and sometimes the
poet's soul, was represented by a nightingale. Alisher
Navoi often refers to the image of a flower and a
nightingale. The reason is that in the work of poets, it
is common in literature to present the image of a lover
through some image. Navoi also compares himself to a
nightingale in
many places. “In Navoi's ghazals, there
are many lyrical landscapes, lyrical scenes, or
philosophical-lyrical images created using the
metaphors of a garden, a flowerbed, a flower, a
nightingale, a flower petal, and a thorn (thorn)”[12].
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the nightingale is a historical image, first
mentioned in ancient literary sources as a bird. Later, it
rose to the level of an artistic image, taking on the form
of various symbols.
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Osman Kufacı.Necati Bey Divanı’nda bülbüle dair
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gul-ile-bulbul-hikayesi-siirlerde-gul-ile-
andelip/118119
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https://osmanlica.ihya.org/bulbule-nedir-ne-
demek.html
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Fatih BAKIRCI . Salahi gul u bulbul. (GİRİŞ —
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Istiqlol davri o’zbek navoiyshunosligi. 30 jildlik, 3
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ut tayr” haqiqati;
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