№ 05 (2025) Volume 06 Issue 05

This article explores the concept of frames in cognitive linguistics, focusing on their role in structuring human understanding and interpretation of the world. Frames are mental structures that organize knowledge into familiar contexts, enabling efficient processing and interpretation of language. The article examines key 0000-0003-1312-1656definitions and theories of frames as proposed by scholars such as Charles J. Fillmore, George Lakoff, Marvin Minsky, Ronald W. Langacker, Erving Goffman, Gilles Fauconnier, and Eleanor Rosch, highlighting their contributions to understanding linguistic meaning and contextualization. The study demonstrates how frames and their slots (variable elements) provide structure to conceptual domains such as space, categorization, and cultural differences, using examples like "house," "restaurant," and "office" frames. Through detailed frame analysis, the article explores the overlap and interconnection of slots across different frames, revealing their flexibility in accommodating linguistic and cultural variations. For instance, the slot "table" can transcend multiple frames, appearing in contexts related to homes, workplaces, and public spaces like restaurants.

The evolution of Internet communication has fundamentally reshaped human interaction, fostering the development of unique linguistic phenomena. This study explores the linguistic characteristics of digital discourse, including syntax, morphology, pragmatics, and the emergence of new communication genres. Drawing from extensive literature, we analyze how electronic discourse forms a distinct variety of language, shaped by technological, cultural, and pragmatic forces. Through a comprehensive review, we elucidate the interplay between language innovation and the digital environment, offering insights into the future directions of Internet linguistics.

This article discusses the classification of codes and stereotypes in linguocultural studies. The opinions of Uzbek and international linguists about codes, stereotypes in linguocultural studies, the results of scientific research are highlighted, and the meaning groups of national and cultural codes, stereotypes related to human organs, appearance, physical characteristics, voice, speech, character and condition are explained using examples taken from Uzbek language texts.

This article comprehensively discusses the concept of maful, one of the important syntactic units of the Arabic language, and the issue of its division into types. In Arabic grammar, maful is an element that receives the direct or indirect effect of the verb and is one of the main components of a sentence. The correct definition and use of maful is of great importance in the correct understanding and translation of Arabic texts.

The article first presents the lexical and terminological meanings of the concept of maful. Then, their main types – mafʼul bih (direct object), mafʼul fīhiy (time and place), mafʼul li-ajlih (cause), mafʼul maʼu (accompanying) and mafʼul mutlaq (independent) – are explained separately. Simple examples are given for each type, and their relationship with the verb and their syntactic position in the sentence is analyzed.

This article analyzes translation units as the fundamental elements in building effective bilingual lexicons using the Paratranslator.uz platform. In this study traditional word-level framework approach is explored by addressing specific challenges in machine translation involving Uzbek and English languages. About 3000 translation samples in literary, official, scientific, spoken styles are analyzed by demonstrating translation units incorporating contextual, cultural and grammatical features. According to the findings, machine translation quality is enhanced significantly by revealing translation unit-based lexicons while providing a scalable foundation for expanding linguistic capabilities within the platform.