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PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF UZBEK LINGUISTICS
Sarsenbayev Khamudulla Abdullayevich
Tashkent Chemical Technology Institute
Assistant teacher of Department of Foreign languages
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11500616
Annotation:
This article covers topics such as the origin and development
of the language, as well as the great services of scientists and scholars who
contributed to the development of the language.
Key words:
Linguistics, Ferdinand De Saussure, Turkic languages,
integration, problems of linguistics.
Introduction:
Language is the most important tool in human relations. It was formed
during the stages of development of the society and served the interests of all
mankind. The emergence and development of a language is directly related to
the development of society. Also, the source of learning of all sciences that think
about human development is related to language. Different definitions of
language have been given in different periods, but until now there is no clear
and unified definition. For this reason, this issue is the cause of intense debate
among many scientists and scientific researchers. In addition, issues such as the
subject, object, and tasks of linguistics depend to some extent on how to
understand language. As mentioned above, due to different definitions, the
subject of linguistics was also perceived differently. From that time, linguistic
science was thoroughly researched.
Since the 20
th
century, a new era has begun in defining the subject of
linguistics. In particular, the theory of the Swiss scientist Ferdinand de Saussure,
who is the founder of modern linguistics, made a unique turn in the subject
matter of linguistics. This scientist's contribution to science is significant in that
he was the first to determine that language is a complex phenomenon and
created a new perfect, clearly formed theory of general linguistics. Ferdinand de
Saussure expresses the following thoughts about language: "
according to its
function in human society, language is a tool of communication, a means of
expressing ideas, in terms of its social nature, language is a pure sign system
according to the internal structure of cultural-historical and social phenomena."
At the same time, it should be said that Uzbek scientists and thinkers also occupy
a special place in the formation of the language.
In particular, our classical writer Alisher Navoi, who created in the second
half of the 15th century, wrote works in the Turkish language and played an
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important role in the development of this language. Zahiriddin Muhammad
Babur described it as follows: "
Alisherbek was a person without equal. He even
recited poems in the Turkish language, and no one spoke much and well
". After
Navoi, a number of our thinkers contributed to the development of the Uzbek
language, but still Alisher Navoi remained the owner of an inimitable pen in the
Turkish language. The reason is that at that time, great figures, poets, writers
and even kings had a wrong attitude towards the Turkish language and did not
believe that they could create a meaningful and meaningful work in this
language. And Alisher Navoi wrote an invaluable work like "Khamsa" in Turkish
language, leaving behind "
Khamsa
" written before him. In this way, he proved to
those who belittle the Turkish language as a "rough language" that this language
has value, importance and unlimited possibilities.
In addition, Navoi's lyric poems are collected in eight divans, seven of which
are Turkish lyrics. After such an event, many creators are convinced that the
Turkish language is rich in words, artistic and beautiful expressions, and among
a number of scholars, writers such as Munis, Ogakhi, Khorezmi, Hamid Balkhi,
Amiri, Mashrab are unique in the Turkish language. created examples of
creativity. On the other hand, their works serve as the main factor in the
emergence of specific norms and procedures in the perfect formation of the
Uzbek language. At the same time, Alisher Navoi, as a linguist scientist, wrote the
work "Mukhokamat ul-lughatayn". This book reflects the formation of the Uzbek
literary language, his experiences in the field of language, and his deep scientific
and theoretical views.
Nowadays, if we want to conduct any research, scientific research in
linguistics or Uzbek classical literature, we will definitely turn to the work of
Alisher Navoi and other thinkers. Their masterpieces dedicated to linguistics
have a high place not only in our country, but also in European countries. It
should be noted that the interest in the Uzbek language in foreign countries is
increasing day by day. This process, of course, does not occur by itself. There are
such lovers of the Uzbek language on the borders of our country that, while
living in foreign countries, they do not forget the respect for our mother tongue
and promote this language in foreign countries as well. In 1960, he graduated
from the Tashkent State Institute of Foreign Languages (
now the University
of World Languages
) and began working at the Faculty of Turkology of the
Tashkent State University. He was forced to leave his country in 1990 due to
unjust accusations during the war. This scientist, who settled in the USA, starts
teaching the Uzbek language to students at Indiana University in America. In the
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fall of 2002, as a result of his tireless work, this scientist was hired as a teacher
at the Department of Asian Languages and Cultures at the University of
Wisconsin in the USA.
During the 18 years spent abroad, the professor created more than ten
books and hundreds of articles on the Uzbek language and literature, published
in Uzbek and English. In addition, it will familiarize the Uzbek people with the
resources considered important for Central Asia and the specific values of
the West. One of the major achievements of the linguist scientist Khairulla
Ismatulla was the publication of the two-volume "Uzbek language" textbook.
Currently, this book is widely used in many American institutions. The scientific
research conducted by this hard-working scientist for the development of our
country has borne fruit. In particular, Federic Starr, Edward Allworth, Mark Brill
Olcott, N. Karpat, Mark Katz, John Schoberlagen, Bill Fairman, Martin Spicher,
Zino Baran and other famous scientists conducted research on the Uzbek
language and wrote many articles and works. . For example, the book "Current
Uzbeks" by Edward Allworth is one of them. In addition, Mavlon Shukurzoda's
book "Grammar of the Uzbek language" is of great interest to American
educators. Also G'. Abdurahmonov, A. Rustamov's work "Ancient Turkic
language" and a number of scientific works of Haydarali Uzgkov are kept as
priceless treasures at Indiana University, which shows how powerful and
popular the field of science is in this country called Uzbekistan. Although the
popularity of our Uzbek language is an epic for the whole world, there are also
problems related to our language.
Although the creation of modern technology tools serves to facilitate all
aspects of our life, today this very technology is the cause of urgent problems in
the Uzbek language. At first, people used to communicate with each other
through letters. At the same time, SMS service on mobile phones has become
everyone's "happy assistant". Thanks to such technological tools, we are
increasingly forgetting the normative rules of our language. When sending
messages using a mobile communication tool, we rarely observe spelling errors
and punctuation marks. Many words and letters are misspelled. For example, in
the messages of the mobile communication tool, the letter "w" is used instead of
the letter "sh", the number 6 is used instead of the letter "o", the word "with" is
in the form of "bn", and the word "need" is " Its use in the form of "k\k" is
becoming very popular among young people. If we do not put an end to this
situation, we may forget to write correctly in Uzbek. However, all mobile devices
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have all punctuation marks. This situation has become the center of controversy
many times. But it still has not found its solution as a problem.
From the point of view of today's developing times, we can say that the younger
generation, in general, all people use technology tools like computers, mobile
phones, fax and pocket computers more than paper documents. Of course, we
cannot deny being in step with the times. But we cannot ignore the rules of the
Uzbek language, which the whole world is looking at with admiration. Our Uzbek
language is our pride, a symbol of our nation's existence. In conclusion, we
should focus on solving the above-mentioned problems.
References:
1.
Azizov O. "Introduction to Linguistics" T., 1996
2.
Abduazizov A.A. Introduction to Linguistics. - T., 1999
3.
Akshina A.A. Manual for the course “Introduction to Linguistics” - M., 1969.
4.
Baskakov N.A., Sodikov A.S. "General Linguistics".-T., 1979.
5.
Kholmanova Z. T. Introduction to Linguistics. Tashkent - 2007.
6.
N. Turniyozov. Introduction to Linguistics. The text of the lectures.
Samarkand - 2005.
