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PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF FORMING VALUABLE ATTITUDE
EXPERIENCE IN GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION STUDENTS
Akramova G.R.
p.f.d. (DSc), Professor
Khalilov Tahir Normurodovich
Asia International University Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology
Pedagogy and psychology
Master of the 2nd stage
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11207635
Abstract:
The time demands the ideological disarmament of the growing
youth, which is the decisive force for ensuring the security of our country today
and tomorrow, based on national values. To further increase the ideological
immunity of students and young people in the fight against various foreign and
harmful diseases, as well as in the formation of valuable experience. Ideas, their
protection from various ideological and ideological threats, the formation of
ideological immunity in society should lead to the education of a healthy, mature
generation that deeply reflects the laws of development. Only then can we
educate a spiritually mature person. raising a perfect generation - only spiritual
people can create a great future.
Key words:
value, custom, spirituality, enlightenment, education,
upbringing, human heart, value, tradition, ritual, interactive, method,
propaganda, technology.
Introduction:
Today, it is necessary to strengthen the stable ideological immunity of our
youth against various foreign and harmful ideas and destructive ideas, to enrich
their worldview, to form feelings of loyalty to the Motherland, to be involved in
its development, to form national pride, to make them national and proud. It is
important to educate in the spirit of pride and pride. it is important to prepare
highly qualified specialists who can respond to universal human values, modern,
sharp intellectual-spiritual competition, and make independent decisions. After
all, in this era of global changes, continuous education is one of the important
tasks facing the educational system. Therefore, we must educate new
generations with a sense of national pride, which will give strength for our past
and future, and strengthen our national statehood. Life experience proves that
general secondary education is an important factor in forming the experience of
valuable attitude in students.
Main part:
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Today, it is necessary to arm students with healthy, humane ideas and
national values and traditions that deeply reflect the laws of development in
order to form the experience of a valuable attitude in students in general
secondary schools. We can preserve and improve the national ideology only by
carefully protecting our identity, morals, heritage, values, and national
spirituality from the influence of harmful ideas and ideologies, and by forming
ideological immunity in the hearts of our citizens and youth against them.
The system of values is inextricably linked with society, a natural
organism that summarizes complex and multifaceted social relations,
connections, and processes. The teacher's social point of view is formed and
developed in the form of views, value system already during the general
education school. Based on them, in the process of professional training, a
valuable attitude towards the profession of pedagogy, the goals and means of
pedagogical activity is formed. It is valuable for pedagogical activity attitude, in a
broad sense, represents the orientation that forms the basis of the teacher's
personality. Valuable directions of educational reforms are being decided in
Uzbekistan as well. Article 41 of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan
states that "Everyone has the right to education. Free general education is
guaranteed by the state. School affairs are under the control of the state. In
Article 42, "Everyone is guaranteed freedom of scientific and technical creativity,
the right to use cultural achievements; "The state takes care of the cultural,
scientific and technical development of the society". Article 4 of the Law of the
Republic of Uzbekistan "On Education" defines the right to education as a value
as follows: "Gender, language, age, race, nationality, faith, religion , regardless of
social origin, type of service, place of residence, how long they have lived in the
territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan, everyone is guaranteed equal rights to
education". Effective ways to form a value system in students.
The process of training and education of personnel with positive qualities
that can ensure the development of Uzbekistan and contribute to the rise to the
level of advanced countries of the world. From this point of view, not only
educational institutions, but also the family, neighborhood, and Youth Union
form a social institution in educating the growing generation in the spirit of
independence and loyalty to their values, patriotism and patriotism, respect for
universal human values. In Uzbekistan, each of the public and non-governmental
non-profit organizations has a special importance and influence.
The idea of today's era is the need to ideologically arm our youth, who are
the decisive force for ensuring the security of our country today and tomorrow,
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that is, to protect them from the influence of various foreign and harmful ideas
and popular culture. zi is demanding. If we say that this concept should be
armed, not armed, then we will leave them alone and create conditions for them
to master what seems "shiny" to their eyes. To get rid of the influence of ideas
that are attractive on the surface, but in fact useless, that are slowly turning our
pure-hearted youth into alien ideas by knowing their pure intentions. the only
way is enlightenment. Therefore, we young people should not forget that we
should "fight with thought against thought, idea against idea, and enlightenment
against ignorance." Only then, the strength of ideological immunity in young
people will be manifested in respect, faith and loyalty to national and universal
values, cultural heritage, customs, traditions, language, history. Only then will it
protect the nation from some threats associated with the globalization process.
The head of our state said from the pulpit of the 72nd session of the UN
General Assembly, First of all, it is necessary to acquire the thinking of young
people. Because most of the crimes related to extremist activity and violence are
committed by young people under 30 years old. Shavkat Mirziyoev "The future
of our planet, its well-being depends on what kind of people our children grow
up to be. " Representatives of the UN member states have agreed to develop the
international convention "On the rights of youth" of Uzbekistan, to convey the
true humanitarian nature of Islam to the world community, and to adopt a
special resolution of the General Assembly called "Enlightenment and religious
tolerance". The supported initiatives in Central Asia are one of the youngest
regions, where 60% of the population is young people. All the people of the
region realized that it can be solved only by expanding and strengthening
cooperation.
This game is made in order to correctly analyze the value system. For this,
the group is divided into two. The first group will be asked to state their wishes,
and the second group will be asked to give a refusal answer. After ten minutes,
the groups change their places. The following ideas can be used in the game:
- I still can't achieve my goal.
- No, don't say that. If you have a good intention and think good thoughts,
it will definitely come true. I don't respect some of our teachers because their
knowledge is shallow.
.-No, it's not right to do that. Alisher Navoi said: "On the path of truth,
teach someone a letter with pain,
It's an irreplaceable ado with a hundred treasures"
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.-I don't care, today I can be friends with another person, tomorrow with
another person.
- It is a mistake to do so. Because a person who is a hypocrite in this world
will have a hypocrite made of grass in the resurrection.
- I can always say what I want.
- You can do it, but it will always bring you trouble.
Because: "A black head has a red tongue, How many heads is he still
eating" and others. After the game, the arguments used to reject the opinions,
their reasons and content will be analyzed.
"Sense of dignity" training.
The goal of the training: to form students' self-expression, self-evaluation
and feedback skills. Materials: whatman papers, markers. Course of training:
I. First, all students make a list of their special aspects on a piece of paper.
II. Then the trainer asks one of them to read a list of his special aspects.
III. After the student reads what is written in his list, the trainer asks other
students to express their opinion about this student, that is, a feedback situation
is created.
Students must comply with the following in the feedback process:
1) give feedback only when you are asked about a student;
2) while talking about your thoughts and feelings, mention the specific
words and actions that caused them;
3) do not speak in a way that offends or offends others;
4) do not rate;
5) do not give advice: do not use sentences like "If I were in your place,...",
"You should do ...".
It seems that the group that receives the most information from Internet
sources are young men and women, and terrorist organizations use it as much
as possible. He subjugates the thinking and mood of the active Internet audience
to his ideas and sows the seeds of fear, hatred, and violence in the hearts of
young people. In the context of globalization, the Internet has become the main
tool for terrorists to identify new members, poison their brains and prepare
them for their organization, collect and transfer funds, carry out terrorist
activities and announce their goals. Current problems of preventing and
combating violent extremism and terrorism require further improvement of
political-legal, social and organizational-preventive means of protecting the
young generation from the influence of destructive ideas, extremism and
terrorism.
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The history of the subject of values, its roots, and the formation of
principles of human appreciation have a long history. In this regard, Western
scientists mainly rely on the European cultural heritage and ideas, and mention
the names of many scholars. The formation of the science of axiology (aksio -
value, logos - teaching) in the West, which deals with values, is a certain basis for
their views. We do not doubt that this topic, which Socrates and Plato, Aristotle
and Hegel paid great attention to, has its own history in Western philosophy.
But this topic is not alien to the ancient and modern East, especially
Uzbekistan! Searching for its deepest aspects not only from the West, but also
from the East is probably not without benefits. There are traces of this topic in
the works of thinkers such as Khorezmi, Farabi, al-Bukhari, al-Tirmizi, Beruni,
Ibn Sina, Najmuddin Kubra, Yassavi, Naqshband, Ulug'bek, Navoi, Mashrab,
Bedil, Behbudi, Avloni, whose names are forever etched in the history of our
civilization. , deep edges are opened. It is a matter of finding these traces, not
forgetting them, polishing them, and interpreting them objectively from the
point of view of contemporary realities.
The history of the evaluation criteria created by our generations and
ancestors goes back to the oldest tales, legends, stories, epics, i.e. examples of
folk oral creativity. In the works about Spitamen, Muqanna and Jalaluddin
Manguberdi, legends and epics about Alpomish, To'maris and Shiroq, many
universal values are described, such as patriotism, sacrifice for the freedom of
the people and the country. A bright example of our spiritual heritage is that
"Avesta" is the holy book of Zoroastrianism, in which the value system of this
religion, criteria of appreciation, national ideas of that time are vividly
expressed.
In fact, all problems in society are solved based on the efforts of morally
perfect people. Therefore, it is necessary to create effective means and methods
of raising people's spirituality. Creating wide opportunities for young people to
learn, as well as creating all the necessary conditions for the quality of education
at the level of today's requirements, is one of the priorities of the reform of the
education system in Uzbekistan. In the period of globalization and
strengthening, economic, political, and spiritual changes in society create a
unique phenomenon of synthesis in the worldview of our contemporaries.
Having broad knowledge effectively influences the emergence of new ideas.
Thinking can be mediated through the use of Internet, telephone, television and
computer technologies. Because the content of a very large article or scientific
work can be expressed in a half-page annotation, it means that even in a video
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clip, the entire content of a person's life can be understood through a five-
minute video.
Therefore, the development of technologies can have positive results on
the one hand, and negative effects on the other. It is clear that depth of
opportunity is needed for understanding. This does not mean developing critical
thinking. In fact, developing critical thinking requires deep knowledge. "Today,
in developed countries, the tendency of education to become a major branch of
society is, on the one hand, the main productive force that brings a person to
maturity, and on the other hand, it is a source of worldview formation and an
indicator of its level. The impact of the civilization of the society is not the same,
but the strength of the country depends on the effectiveness of the education
system, which can form an idea about the level of enlightenment and the future
of the society. Therefore, education is a component of spirituality. Because
education serves not only the mastery of this or that science or field, but also the
spiritual maturity of people. serves moral and spiritual growth. In this sense, just
as there is no spirituality without education, there is no education without
spirituality. They are closely related to each other and serve to improve the
social life of the society.
Education is a field that serves to perfect the beautiful qualities of a
person. People always need knowledge about humanity. In the concept of
education, attention is paid to satisfying that inner need of a person, influencing
his feelings, mind, and expanding his thinking. Active participation in socio-
educational events allows for the growth of observation, creativity and creative
self-expression in labor teams. The development of education is related to
spirituality. It is an integral part of human life, the development of society
cannot be imagined without it. Special attention was paid to education in the
state policy of our republic, which is well aware that the education system is an
important factor in raising human spirituality. Reforms in the field of education,
which are continuing consistently in our country, serve to educate our youth as
spiritual and well-rounded people. A broad way to build a humane and legal
democratic state in our country, to form a civil society that embodies true
patriotism, national and universal values and strictly adheres to them, and is
able to harmonize its personal interests with the life of society. The interest of
the country in order to open l. training of qualified people is being put on the
agenda. It is necessary to create a system of effective ways, methods and
effective means of educating a well-rounded person who has the ability to think,
work and live independently, who can change his worldview and spirituality
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based on the requirements of the times. In fact, "The spiritual and moral aspect
of the education system is a component of the wider social environment, which
is determined by the acquisition of moral and ethical laws and features by
citizens and their compliance with the level of need." It is worth noting that only
a person with a higher education, who has thoroughly mastered the laws of
social life, has a rich spiritual world, and feels the essence of national values, can
be economically free and become a support for democratic and fundamental
reforms. In Eastern values, two things are highly praised: respect for the elder
and honor for the younger. The environment will be healthy only if these two
characteristics are the leading socio-spiritual principles. In addition to paying
special attention to fundamental sciences, it is very important to increase the
efficiency of spirituality in the process of struggle for the development of social
and humanitarian sciences.
Summary
In the short time since we gained our independence, all necessary conditions
have been created for the formation of a democratic, just and legal statehood, for
the improvement of the well-being of our people, and for the restoration of its
moral spirit. In particular, all the material and spiritual wealth left by our
ancestors is being returned to our people, national traditions, traditions, and
ancient values are being restored. The processes of realizing the identity of our
nation are rapidly developing. All this has a positive effect on the increase of the
prestige of our country at the international level and the restoration of the place
of our nation in the world civilization. The ideology of national independence
built on the basis of the traditions, customs, language and spirit of our people,
which has been living for centuries, in harmony with universal values, conveys
the feeling of confidence in the future to the hearts and minds of people,
educates them in the spirit of love for the Motherland, humanity, honesty, serves
to educate courage and patience, a sense of justice, and the pursuit of knowledge
and enlightenment. In the process of education and upbringing of young people,
the role of abilities is at a very high level. We can learn this during training
sessions. The results of the training conducted among high school students show
that the embodiment of the spirit of values is manifested in them in the form of
concepts such as patriotism, devotion to duty, and humanitarianism. So, it is no
exaggeration to say that we achieved the desired result from the training. As
stated by the head of our state, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, "The law "On state policy
regarding youth" was adopted in a new version in order to raise the work of
educating the young generation in a healthy and well-rounded way to a new
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level. Today, the world is discovering Uzbekistan through its national-cultural
heritage, rich history, language, culture, customs and traditions, the integration
of its values with universal ideas, and its achievements in the field of art and
architecture, science and culture. Therefore, we can become active promoters
and not passive receivers in the process of globalization
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