ILMIY VA PROFESSIONAL TA’LIM JARAYONIDA MULOQOT, FAN VA MADANIYATLAR
INTEGRATSIYASI
168
Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF WORLD AND UZBEK LITERATURE
Fayzullayeva Munavvar Bahodirovna
SamSIFL, Assistant researcher,
Kolesnikov Aleksei Anatolevich
Ph.D., Associate Professor,
Belgorod State National Research University
Annotation:
This article aims to provide a deeper exploration of the history of both world
literature and Uzbek literature, while also highlighting the distinctive features of each.
Keywords:
World literature, Uzbek literature, Modern world literature, Modern Uzbek
literature, Differences between world and Uzbek literature.
Literature is the property of the people. It holds a special significance in human life. As
long as humans exist, literature will continue to exist as well. There are two powerful factors that
ensure the immortality of literature. One is its great educational and enlightening importance,
while the other is its ability to give people joy and pleasure. After all, no matter what era or
circumstances humans face, they cannot live without literature: they are always in need of
education, enlightenment, and artistic enjoyment. Therefore, mature works with educational and
aesthetic value will never fade away. In contrast, works written in the spirit of dry modernism,
born of the desire of the ruling ideology and politics, with poor artistry, have a short lifespan.
Such works will not withstand the test of time and will be quickly forgotten. Unfortunately,
among the works created in the 20th century, there are many such "products."
To begin with the history of Uzbek literature, this period can be described as the years of the
emergence of the Jadid movement in Turkistan, the overthrow of the Tsarist regime, the
restoration of autonomy, and the struggle to build a Soviet society. Despite the immense
suffering endured by our people under colonial oppression and social injustice, they never fell
into despair. The "Basmachi" movement of the 1920s is a clear proof of this. According to an
article published in the press, during the 130 years of colonial rule, there were 4,500 major and
minor uprisings, revolts, and protests in the Turkistan region. Many intellectuals and creative
figures of the time, such as Mahmudkhoja Behbudi, Hamza, Munavvar Qori, Abdulla Avloni,
Fitrat, Siddiqi-Ajzi, Abdulqodir Shakuriy, Hoji Muin Shukrulla, were deeply moved by the
plight of the nation and began to search for solutions. These Jadids, along with others,
contributed significantly to the development of our literature. They can be called the heroes of
our time, as they displayed exceptional commitment to the development of Uzbek literature.
Additionally, the Jadids made effective use of newspapers, schools, and literature and art to
implement the ideas of the national awakening period, namely to educate the working masses
and encourage them to fight ignorance.
Now, turning to the history of world literature, the first phase of its development is known as the
Renaissance. Italy is considered the birthplace of the European Renaissance movement. Dante
Alighieri, a representative of Italian literature during the Renaissance, is often called the herald
of this movement. Dante started his creative work by writing poems and was influenced by the
teachings of the Arab philosopher Ibn Rushd. In the 15th century, Italian lyricism was influenced
not only by Latin literature but also by Arabic poetry, which can be seen in Dante’s works,
especially in his "New Life" collection. Later, Dante worked on philosophical and scientific
themes. Another Italian humanist, Giovanni Boccaccio, made a significant contribution to the
development of the novella genre and laid the foundation for realistic storytelling. In short, the
early stages of world literature’s development began in Italy.
Subsequently, French literature began to flourish, and the contribution of François Rabelais
during this period is undeniable. In his work "Gargantua and Pantagruel," realism and allegory
ILMIY VA PROFESSIONAL TA’LIM JARAYONIDA MULOQOT, FAN VA MADANIYATLAR
INTEGRATSIYASI
169
Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
are harmonized, and underlying meanings take on significant importance. English humanistic
literature is divided into three phases. The first phase, covering the late 15th century to the 60s-
70s of the 16th century, saw the emergence of figures like Thomas More, F. Bacon, Christopher
Marlowe, Shakespeare, and Robert Greene. Thomas More’s "Utopia" reflects humanistic ideas,
while Bacon's "Essays" covers philosophical, moral, political, and domestic issues. Shakespeare
revolutionized medieval drama with humanistic themes. The third phase of English literature,
from the early 17th century to the 40s of the same century, witnessed the decline of Renaissance
ideals and the closing of theaters. The representatives of English humanistic literature during this
time include Thomas More, F. Bacon, Christopher Marlowe, Shakespeare, and Robert Greene.
In Spain and Portugal, as in England, the flourishing of literature coincides with the final phase
of the Renaissance period. The first work of the Spanish Renaissance was Fernando de Rojas’s
"Celestina," and the novel "Don Quixote" by Cervantes marks the conclusion of the Renaissance
period in Europe. Both Shakespeare and Cervantes made great contributions to world literature
by shaping drama and realistic fiction.
Now, turning to modern Uzbek literature, much of the literature produced in the 20th century has
more strengths than weaknesses. Preserving and critically analyzing the achievements in this
period, as well as popularizing these works, remains an important task today. When evaluating
the works of a writer or a specific piece of literature, it is necessary to judge it based on its
artistic level, rather than solely on the historical context or any shortcomings tied to the era.
Unfortunately, during the Soviet era, literature was narrowly defined and one-sided in its
interpretations, which led to a decline in artistic quality. The great literary works decreased, and
mediocre works became more common. With the advent of independence, Uzbek literature freed
itself from various constraints, including communist ideology and socialist realism, and began to
flourish. This allowed for greater creative freedom and paved the way for new artistic horizons.
In today's globalized world, trends in world literature reveal shared themes and ideas across
different nations. The differences between national literatures are gradually disappearing, and the
artistic achievements of various cultures are becoming part of a common global literary heritage.
A notable feature of contemporary literature is the rise of both mass-market and elite literature.
The growing demand for adventure-detective novels and domestic fiction is evident in the
increasing circulation of such books. At the same time, literature intended for sophisticated,
discerning readers continues to grow. For example, in modern American literature, the diversity
of style, form, and themes can be observed. American literature scholar Katherine VanSpenkeren
writes that William Kennedy’s works, such as "Ironweed" and "Judas," portray the lives of
residents of New York's streets and salons, capturing the realities of life in a once-backward,
colonized state now undergoing significant political, economic, and cultural transformation.
In conclusion, Uzbek literature, like world literature, has its unique characteristics, and both
continue to evolve and develop day by day.
References:
1.
S. Mirzayev. “20th Century Uzbek Literature” - library.navoiy-uni.uz
2.
U. Hamdamov, A. Qosimov. "World Literature" - Tashkent 2017. library.navoiy-uni.uz
3.
M.B. Fayzullayeva. "The History of the Creation of the Mother Image in Artistic
Literature"
https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=ru&user=9NS0PMkAAAAJ&c
itation_for_view=9NS0PMkAAAAJ:Se3iqnhoufwC
4.
M.B. Fayzullayeva. "Analysis of the 'Mother' and 'Woman' Images in O’tkir Hoshimov's
Works"
https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=ru&user=9NS0PMkAAAAJ&c
itation_for_view=9NS0PMkAAAAJ:5nxA0vEk-isC
5.
Khalilova Lenie Fevzievna. (2021). CRITICAL THINKING AS ONE OF THE SKILLS
DEVELOPED THROUGH THE DIALOGUE OR CONVERSATION.
Mental Enlightenment
Scientific-Methodological Journal
,
2
(02), 37–46. Retrieved from
jspu.uz/index.php/mesmj/article/view/72
ILMIY VA PROFESSIONAL TA’LIM JARAYONIDA MULOQOT, FAN VA MADANIYATLAR
INTEGRATSIYASI
170
Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
6.
Khasanova, G., & Istamova, S. (2024). Thе Diffеrеnсеs Bеtwееn Using Tеxt-Bаsеd аnd
Аrt-Bаsеd Mеthоds tо Dеvеlоp Studеnts’ Sеlf Studу Skills.
Conference Proceedings: Fostering
Your Research Spirit
, 694-696.
https://doi.org/10.2024/ftwmzr85
7.
Buronova, D. (2024). Yovvoyi tabiatning tiklanishi: Ernest Seton-Tompsonning “Lobo”
va “Yovvoyi yo‘rg‘a” asarlari tahlili.
Conference Proceedings: Fostering Your Research Spirit
,
101-102.
https://doi.org/10.2024/6wn80p81
8.
Istamova Sh. RECENT TRENDS AND ISSUES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE
TEACHING
//
Экономика
и
социум.
2023.
№4-2
(107).
URL:
https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/recent-trends-and-issues-in-english-language-teaching
(дата
обращения: 15.03.2025).
9.
M. Abjalova and S. Sharipova, "Semantic and Grammatical Issues in Translating Idioms
with Automatic Translation Systems,"
2024 9th International Conference on Computer Science
and
Engineering
(UBMK)
,
Antalya,
Turkiye,
2024,
pp.
58-63,
doi:
10.1109/UBMK63289.2024.10773608.
10.
Файзуллаева , М. . (2023). Лингвистический и лингвокогнитивный анализ образа
матери в произведениях Уткира Xашимова.
Общество и инновации
,
4
(9/S), 295–298.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol4-iss9/S-pp295-298
11.
Ismatova, M. S. . (2021). DEVELOPMENT OF COACHING TECHNOLOGIES IN
THE EDUCATIONAL SPACE OF THE UNIVERSITY.
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL
OF PEDAGOGICS
,
2
(05), 134–141.
https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-05-25
12.
Narzikulova, Rayhona. "Phonetic Stylistic Methods and Methodological Application of
Phraseology in English and Uzbek."
JournalNX
, vol. 7, no. 02, 2021, pp. 327-329.
13.
Джураева
Ш.
Г.
ПОЛИФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОСТЬ
АНТОНИМИЧЕСКИХ
ОТНОШЕНИЙ У СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ В АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ //УЧЕНЫЙ XXI
ВЕКА. – С. 47.
14.
Sarvinoz, S., & Iroda, H. (2024). Til Va Madaniyat: Chet Tillarini O ‘Rganishda
Madaniy Bilimlarning Ahamiyati. Journal Of International Scientific Research, 1(5), 43-46.
15.
Шомуродова, Ш. (2018). Роль инновационных технологий в широкомасштабной
реформации образовательного процесса.
Иностранная филология: язык, литература,
образование
,
3
(2
(67),
30–33.
извлечено
от
https://inlibrary.uz/index.php/foreign_philology/article/view/734
16.
Nasiba SIDDIKOVA. Analyzing ESL students’ performance in teaching linguistics.
Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations. 2023.
