DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN
MODERN SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
113
METHODOLOGY OF ORGANIZING NATURAL SCIENCES LESSONS IN
PRIMARY CLASSES ON THE BASIS OF THE 4K MODEL.
Esonova is the daughter of Ruzigul Ilhom
Master's student of Termiz University of Economics and Service, majoring in
theory and methodology of education and training (primary education)
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14201858
Abstract:
This article provides detailed information about the
effectiveness of interactive teaching of natural sciences using modern methods
and new technologies based on the "4K" model.
Keywords:
Natural sciences, primary class, 4K model, education, modern
methods, interactivity, Creativity, Communicative, Critical, Collaboration,
effective thinking, innovative methods, international, Asia, Singapore, South
Korea.
The development of the society is largely determined by the intellectual
potential of the state. Because the leadership of our country is paying great
attention to the fundamental reform of the education system. Accordingly,
training of highly qualified personnel is rising to the level of state policy. We
consider the specific requirements of organizing and managing educational
processes to achieve the training of highly qualified specialists. First of all,
primary education is considered the most important stage of personality
formation.
This period is not only the period of the first restoration of the foundation
of children's imagination and knowledge, but also the understanding of the
subconscious world of the child requires very careful attention, and the child
"creates the personality of the student" in himself. their enthusiasm increases,
and they step by step in the path of science in order to achieve high results As a
permanent and complex problem, an important approach to the ideological and
educational aspects of textbooks is envisaged.
In the concept of development of the public education system in our
country until 2030, the task of improving the teaching methodology has been
set. In particular, on the basis of advanced foreign experiences, textbooks of the
1st-4th grade were newly prepared on the basis of the "4K" model. The use of
the "4K" model is a tried-and-tested, most importantly, modern approach.
Previously, we paid more attention to children's writing and wrote many diktats
for them. With the new experience, students' critical thinking and the ability to
freely express their opinion are given more importance.
These new modern school textbooks provide an innovative approach, this
DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN
MODERN SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
114
methodology is aimed at the comprehensive development of children.
The "4K" model includes four core competencies Collaborative textbooks
are designed to help students develop teamwork skills. It helps students learn
the skills of collaboration, effective communication, and mutual support.
Communicative (communication skills) textbooks are aimed at developing
students' ability to communicate with others. Students learn to express their
thoughts clearly and clearly, to listen and understand the interlocutor, and to
effectively use language tools in conveying information.
Critical (critical) thinking is a methodology that includes the development
of students' skills to critically evaluate information, to form their own opinions
and judgments. Students learn to approach their problems from an analytical
point of view and form their own point of view based on logical thinking.
Creative thinking (creative approach) textbooks develop creative thinking
and creativity. Students learn to use new approaches to achieve their goals,
develop innovative solutions, and gain creative problem-solving skills. [1.211]
Deputy of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis: U. Jabbarov "New
modern textbooks for primary classes will help to comprehensively develop the
young generation, the owners of our future, and successfully adapt to modern
society "It becomes even more important because it is aimed at forming the
necessary skills in them." [2.2]
Accordingly, we can say that our modern textbooks are a boon for us. That
is, to teach our children to effectively exchange ideas, to support each other, to
express their thoughts clearly and clearly, to listen and understand the
interlocutor, to be able to effectively use language tools to convey information,
to approach problems from an analytical point of view, based on logical thinking
to form one's own point of view, to be able to use new approaches to achieve
one's goals. they will have the skills to develop innovative solutions and solve
creative problems.
These "4K" skills are of great importance in both physical and mental
development of children in improving a healthy lifestyle, inclusive educational
environment. Learning about art, science, sports, or the natural world increases
children's outlook and self-confidence. Each lesson at school not only helps
students master the content of science, but also develops independent learning,
analytical thinking, problem solving and coping skills. Elementary school
textbooks are aimed at forming the skills necessary for the comprehensive
development of the young generation and the preparation of mature specialists
for society.
DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN
MODERN SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
115
Natural-scientific in elementary school students with natural sciences
education. The mutual integration of sciences in the formation of technical,
ecological and economic literacy and the development of critical and creative
thinking lays the groundwork for the understanding of nature by the object as a
whole being, and the creation of a single natural-scientific view of the world in
their thinking. Also, through this science, students can understand the
opportunities and problems of interdisciplinary integration of modern science
and technology development, understand the nature of environmental problems
through the goals of sustainable development education, and learn from nature.
Aimed at forming the ways of rational use, the principles of following a healthy
lifestyle, and the skills of using the acquired knowledge in everyday life.
Natural sciences teach students about the causes and interrelationships of
phenomena and processes occurring in animate and inanimate nature, the
stages of development in nature, including the evolution of the development of
living organisms, the natural-scientific foundations of modern techniques and
technology, nature and helps to learn about the interconnectedness and
influence of society, the scientific basis of the economical use of natural
resources, and the importance of a healthy lifestyle. The student's internal
motivation, through his interest in mastering natural sciences, plays an
important role in understanding the state of the natural and social environment,
understanding environmental and human problems, and being able to make
decisions to find their solutions.
The weather can be different in different parts of our planet at the same
time. For example: in Central Asia, as the air warms up, the pressure decreases,
as a result, cooler air masses enter here from the north-northwest and slightly
lower the temperature of the area. As a result of weather changes, air masses are
exchanged. The sun does not heat and cool the globe uniformly, so the condition
of the air is not the same everywhere. [3.194]
Elementary school students can easily understand this by observing their
surroundings. Simply put, they know that it will be cold in the morning, warm in
the afternoon, and cold again in the dark. Students' natural-scientific literacy in
solving a problem situation. They are required to demonstrate "4K" skills. The
students' cognitive attitude (interest in natural sciences, scientific approach to
the researched issue, awareness of issues related to the environment, and
knowledge of the content of science determined their literacy in natural
sciences. During the study of natural sciences, students are motivated. According
to this, the following three countries are leading among the advanced countries
DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN
MODERN SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
116
that use new educational technologies in practice: Estonia. Singapore and South
Korea. [5.2]
Estonia. Estonian schoolchildren today regularly use the services of e-
Schoolbag and Opiq, which provide electronic learning materials. They have the
opportunity to learn about robotics through Roboversity. And parents can
always monitor their children's learning and communicate with teachers on the
special eKool platform [5.3]
Singapore. In the early 1990s, Singapore's Ministry of Education began to
modernize its education system. In the conditions of this knowledge economy,
Singapore took the first steps in the direction of preparing the school for life: for
the first time, the curriculum of high schools and colleges included "Computer
lessons". and tell about the importance of active use of technologies for the
development of the country's economy [5.3]
Key areas such as the development of new requirements for the 21st
century were included. Gradually students and the technique they use the ratio
of tools was brought to 1:1. New technologies began to be accepted as a means
of providing education to everyone, regardless of where they live: this was an
important factor in the emergence of the idea of "lifelong learning" Since 2015,
the main emphasis in Singapore's education has been on "creative teaching":
teachers, as designers of educational environments, have begun to conduct
classes using new technologies. It also adapted the learning process to individual
learning, students had the opportunity to study anywhere and at any time.
South Korea. The process of introducing new technologies into South
Korea's education system began in the 80s. At this time, many negative world
changes (population aging, youth unemployment, etc.) gave the country's
government the idea of introducing rapid innovations into the national
education system. The general increase in the competitiveness of Korean
education and science was one of the important directions of the country's
development. The use of ICT in schools was considered as a means to achieve
the set goals. The program focuses on the development of distance education,
which expands access to education for all aspirants, to acquire new skills and
knowledge, or to learn missed activities. [5.4]
In lessons, teachers use various multimedia materials. communicate with
students. And in remote classes, the teacher uses specially developed
educational materials, creates a creative environment and evaluates knowledge.
During education, a special trainer (tutor) is also attached, who monitors the
learning process of students, helps teachers to work with virtual and cloud
DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN
MODERN SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
117
technologies. In recent years, virtual schools and universities have been actively
increasing in South Korea.
The educational process in them is completely online education with the
help of tools, and students take the courses they are interested in according to
the curriculum created within their interests (for example, Air and
Correspondence High School; Ewha Womans University, Hanyang Cyber
University and International Cyber University). In short, the use of new
technologies at school not only makes the educational process colorful and
interesting, but also allows children to develop computer literacy and other
important innovations of the 21st century.
Quality and competitive education is the guarantee of success in sustainable
economic growth, development of science and technology, and improvement of
the quality of social services. Don't be afraid of new technologies. Effective use of
them, absorbing foreign experience and drawing conclusions from mistakes, will
bring us great achievements. I believe that this will be our greatest achievement
when our future children grow up with their own free thoughts and life views.
References:
1. Sangirova Z. B // The importance of the "4K" model in the development of
natural-scientific literacy in students. // 25.10.2023
2. U. Jabbarov. // "4K" model in the primary class - an innovative approach to
modern education. // Aniq.uz
3. D. Sharipova, D. P. Khodiyeva, M. K. Shirinov // Teaching of natural science
methodology // T. 2018
4. B. Holvigitova // Creative abilities of primary school students Tasks on
formation by means of fiction // Science and innovation scientific and practical
conference // Innovative Academy, 2023
5. T. Naushirvanov // Digitization of education // Khan Academy Uzbek Blog //
06.11.2019
