European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
and Management Studies
90
https://eipublication.com/index.php/eijmrms
TYPE
Original Research
PAGE NO.
111-112
DOI
OPEN ACCESS
SUBMITED
28 March 2025
ACCEPTED
24 April 2025
PUBLISHED
26 May 2025
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue05 2025
COPYRIGHT
© 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms
of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License.
Antonym Relations of
Names of Headgear in
English And Uzbek
Sahibova Dilnoza
Termez University of Economics and Service, Uzbekistan
Abstract:
This article explores antonymic relations
among the lexical units that denote headgear in English
and Uzbek. While names of clothing items, including
headgear, typically lack direct binary oppositions,
certain indirect or contextually conditioned antonymic
relations can be identified. The study investigates how
such oppositions manifest in both languages and how
cultural, functional, and stylistic aspects influence
antonymy within this lexical field.
Keywords:
Lexical units, indirect or contextually
conditioned antonymic relations, cultural, functional,
and stylistic aspects.
Introduction:
Lexical antonymy, the phenomenon of
words expressing opposite meanings, is a significant
area of study in lexicology and semantics. While
classical examples of antonyms include pairs such as
hot
–
cold or big
–
small, in specific lexical fields, including
that of headgear, such clear-cut oppositions are rare.
Nevertheless, indirect antonymic relationships can be
observed through functional, stylistic, or culturally
contextual contrasts.
This article examines the lexicon of headgear in English
and Uzbek, focusing on their antonymic relationships,
either direct or inferred through opposition in use,
formality, gender, seasonality, or socio-cultural
function.
1. The Nature of Antonymy in Lexicology
Antonymy is typically classified into several types:
•
Gradable antonyms (hot
–
cold)
•
Complementary antonyms (dead
–
alive)
•
Relational antonyms (buy
–
sell)
•
Contextual or indirect antonyms (e.g., hat
–
bareheaded)
In the lexical field of headgear, most oppositions are
European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
and Management Studies
112
https://eipublication.com/index.php/eijmrms
European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies
contextual, functional, or culturally motivated, rather
than strictly binary.
2. Headgear Lexicon in English and Uzbek
2.1 English Headgear Terms:
Examples include:
•
hat, cap, helmet, turban, hood, beret,
beanie, bonnet, crown, veil, headband, headscarf,
helmet
2.2 Uzbek Headgear Terms:
Examples include:
•
do‘ppi, qalpoq, salla, ro‘mol, shlyapa, kaska,
qor yoqa, kalpak, duppi, burqa
These reflect a mix of traditional, modern, and
religious-cultural items.
3. Antonymic Relations in Headgear
3.1 Absence vs Presence
This is the most basic antonymic opposition:
•
English: hat
–
bareheaded
•
Uzbek: do‘ppi –
bosh ochiq ("with skullcap
–
with bare head")
This opposition is more pragmatic than lexical but plays
a key role in cultural interpretations of modesty or
decorum.
3.2 Formal vs Informal
In both languages, headgear can symbolize formal or
informal status.
•
English: top hat
–
baseball cap
•
Uzbek: shlyapa
–
do‘ppi (in urban contexts)
These contrast in terms of social setting, prestige, or
ceremonial use.
3.3 Gendered Oppositions
Some headgear items have clear gender associations,
and their antonyms may be inferred by contrasting
male and female attire.
•
English: bonnet (female)
–
cap (male)
•
Uzbek: ro‘mol (female) –
salla (male turban)
3.4 Religious vs Secular
In societies with strong religious traditions, certain
types of headgear convey religious identity.
•
English: kippah / turban
–
no head covering
•
Uzbek: salla / ro‘mol –
bosh ochiq
Here, antonymy lies in the presence or absence of
religious symbolism.
3.5 Seasonal Oppositions
Functional antonyms may also be seen between winter
and summer headgear.
•
English: woolen beanie
–
straw hat
•
Uzbek: qor yoqa
–
yozgi qalpoq
These items oppose each other based on seasonal
suitability.
4. Cultural and Semantic Implications
In Uzbek culture, headgear often carries deep symbolic,
gendered, and generational meanings. The do‘ppi, for
example, symbolizes national identity, while ro‘mol
may imply religious devotion or modesty. Antonyms
here are not mere opposites but reflect broader
sociocultural values.
In English-speaking cultures, headgear serves more as a
fashion, status, or functionality marker, with
oppositions emerging from those contexts rather than
strict lexical antonymy.
CONCLUSION
Although headgear terms in both English and Uzbek
rarely form strict binary antonym pairs, contextual
antonymy
—
based on usage, symbolism, and culture
—
plays a significant role. The study of such oppositions
enriches our understanding of the interplay between
language, culture, and cognition.
REFERENCES
Cruse, D.A. (1986). Lexical Semantics. Cambridge
University Press.
Murphy, M. Lynne. (2003). Semantic Relations and the
Lexicon: Antonymy, Synonymy and Other Paradigms.
Cambridge University Press.
Uzbek National Encyclopedia (OʻzME) entries on
headgear items.
A. A. Khojayev. (2012). O‘zbek xalq kiyim
-kechaklari
tarixidan. Toshkent: Fan nashriyoti.
Oxford English Dictionary Online.
