Science and Technology Other Topics

Proper organization and management of the traffic flow in the world are one the topical issues. Much attention has been paid to scientific research in this direction in recent years. In particular, this is the improvement of transport infrastructure, an increase in the capacity of street networks and intersections, ensuring the safety of road users, and traffic flow management based on modern intelligent transport systems. In this article, through an integrated approach to the management of traffic flows in cities, management methods were analyzed depending on the speed of movement and the characteristics of traffic flows.

In order to evaluate students' knowledge effectively, it is critical that they use their imaginations, provide thorough answers to the questions posed, and connect the material to the natural world and life. This sparks students' interest in science and, as a result, boosts the teacher's own teaching effectiveness.

Maintaining high water quality and effective sewage systems is imperative for the USA's environmental sustainability and public health. Present issues related to water quality management and effectively working sewage systems in the USA are multi-dimensional. Aging infrastructure, lack of treatment facilities, and the absence of real-time monitoring systems are major impediments to maintaining water quality. This study aimed at resolving the pressing matters associated with water quality and sewage system efficiency through a multi-faceted approach. The research project strived to ascertain the relationship between sewage system efficiency and overall water quality. Besides, the present study endeavored to utilize machine learning techniques to develop forecasts of future trends in water quality. The datasets were gathered from as many reliable governmental databases as possible and environmental monitoring agencies to ensure robust and correct analysis. Among other sources, the national water quality databases include USGS, EPA, and EEA. These sources provided comprehensive data on a wide range of water quality parameters, such as pH levels, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, nitrate and phosphate concentrations, and the presence of heavy metals like lead, mercury, and cadmium. In this research project, three evidence-based algorithms were selected, notably, Linear Regression, Random Forest, and XG-Boost are three algorithms of machine learning that have been selected for performing predictive modeling. Several performance metrics of the classes were performed for the stringent assessment of the performance of Recall, Accuracy, Precision, and F1 Score machine learning models. The performance of the Random Forest Classifier achieved an outstanding accuracy as compared to other models. The findings of this study have great implications for water quality management in the USA, especially concerning how predictive models could be leveraged further to advance monitoring and intervention strategies. This provides the possibility to combine machine learning algorithms in water quality management agencies that go beyond regular reactive approaches to proactive data-driven strategies.

2024-yilga borib Jizzax viloyatida makrabgacha ta’lim muassasa (MTM)lariga bolgan talab dolzarb bo’lganligidan ushbu tezis tayyorlandi.

Kibertahdidlar murakkabligi va hajmi ortib borayotgani sababli Sun’iy intellekt kiberxavfsizlik uchun juda muhimdir. Sun'iy intellektga asoslangan tizimlar real vaqtda katta hajmdagi ma'lumotlarni tahlil qilishi va tahdidlarni aniqlashi mumkin. Bu kiberhujumlarga tezroq va samaraliroq javob berish, maʼlumotlar buzilishi va boshqa xavfsizlik hodisalari xavfini kamaytirish imkonini beradi.

Subjects of the inquiry: silicate brick and cellular concrete on lime-silica mixture with additive THAL.
Aim of the inquiry: Development scientifically-motivated principle physicchemical and resource saving- technologies of the reception silicate material autoclaving of the repeating over and over again with perfected technician-working characteristic by way of the goal-directed change the mechanism of the processes hydratasionnog interactions component, kineticses of the structurization and morphologies hydrating new formations at hydrotermalno to processing lime-silica systems by introduction thermo- and thermo chemical of the actuated additives of the local origin.
Methods of inquiry: chemical, physico-mechanical (the determination plastic and mechanical toughness), physico-chemical (x-rays phase, DTA, electronic-microscopic, IK-spectroscopic) methods studies, hydrotermalno processing, method of the thermal processing.
The results achieved and their novelty: is Designed scientifically-methodical principles physico-chemical base and resource saving technology of the reception silicate autoclave material by determinations correlation dependencies "structure-characteristic" and regularities hydratasionnog interactions mineral in silicate composition "barhan sand-lime-melted" at hydratasionnog to processing. Because of quick collecting certain portion by Sa(ON)2 alyminat by join process dissolutions of silica speeds up hydraalyminat calcium in saturated lime ambience with formation hydrasilikat lowered and is warned their transition about high main hydra silicates, forming hydra silicates type SSN(ln) are stable in hardening system. Armirovannyy, nitevidnim and voloknnistnimi crystal hydra mineral silicate brick shows the high factors physico-mechanical characteristic, atmosphere- and frost stability.
Due to exception plastic characteristic clinics forming lessee under his(its) thermochemical of the activations with fosfogypsum the process gas of the formation, increases the utilization ratio gas of the formation, grows shorter duration of the process вспучивания, speeds up the structurization, grows shorter time an izotermal aboutgreva gas of the concrete, increases his(its) toughness and frost stability, decreases waterabsorption.
Practical value: enlarges the source of raw materials for production of the silicate building materials autoklavnoy repeating over and over again to account of scale involvement broadly wide-spread in Uzbekistan лессов and lessoseen loam, enormous spare of the departure fosfogypsum, is reached economy of lime, and reduction to duration of their fabrication to account of the using THAL, providing high technician-working characteristic product and design. The Results of the studies served the normative base for development NTD on pilot production of the silicate brick and cellular concrete with use thermo- and THAL, on base which is organized test on issue experienced their party.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: The Results of the studies are checked in condition Urgenchskogo ZSM by issue to initial lot of the silicate brick in volume 3460 sht on base lime- silica searched for, with additive 15-20 % TAL. To account spare 4-5 % lime prime cost, on 100 kgs mixture reduction cost silicate mixture forms 2320 sum. that has allowed to get 110720 bags of the economic effect. At translation Urgenchskogo ZSM on issue of the silicate brick with additive TAL expected economic effect will form 41472000 bags/year.
Experienced-industrial test, called on on Dzhizakskom K.SM on issue of the initial lot of the cellular silicate concrete with use THAL has shown that prime cost of the cellular concrete of the recommended composition lower, prime cost of the traditional cellular silicate concrete. Expected economic effect under annual volume of production 64300 m’ silicate cellular concrete with use THAL will form 46937000 bags/year
Sphere of usage: industry of the building materials and formation industry RUz.

Произведен анализ известных способов формирования каналов утечки информации и физические методы защиты информации, передаваемой по волоконно-оптических линиях связи. Предложены способы повышения защищенности оптического волокна при передаче данных, а также предложена и описана модель системы защиты информации в волоконно-оптической линии на основе устройства рефлектометра.

Қадимги асотирларда турли шакл ва мазмунда акс этган “сунъий интеллект” концепцияси ХХ асрга келиб (1950) илмий муомалага киритилган. Шу вақтдан бошлаб “сунъий интеллект”га доир бир неча ўн мингдан ортиқ тезис, илмий мақола, қўлланма, монография нашрэтилган бўлса ҳам унинг фалсафий моҳияти етарли очиб берилмаган. Мақолада интеллект, “сунъий интеллект”нинг инсон ва жамият ҳаётидаги муҳим аҳамияти, қадриятлар тизимидаги ўрни, “сунъий интеллект”нинг ахлоқий баҳоси, “сунъий интеллект”га доир фантастик асарларда илгари сурилган ғояларнинг фалсафий моҳияти, инсонни мукаммаллик сари йўллайдиган “трансгуманизм” тарафдорлари илгари сурган қарашлар фалсафий таҳлил қилиниб, инсон энг олий қадрият экани илмий далилланган.

In this article, the construction of tall, multi-story, complex buildings and structures based on ordinary heavy concrete, the construction use of lightweight concrete, as well as the efficiency of light and strong concrete in the field of construction. Detailed information is provide on structural solutions to reduce the labor force as much as possible in the preparation of structures, and at the same time to use lightweight strong concrete instead of heavy concrete.

The aim of the research is to develop parameters of calculation methods and creating high effective new construction of cotton cleaning machine from small dirt
Scientific novelty of the research are the following:
It is created new net surface construction of the rigid element of the aggregate that cleans cotton seed from small dirt;
It is developed the contact and impact of the cotton seed to the plate;
It is determined the plate vibrations, solutions identifying its vibrations and as a result in several regimes the influence of rigid plate to the cotton seed;
It is defined the parameters and vibration law its random effects on the vibration’s link of the plate to the cotton seed;
It is worked out the connection of vibrations of rigid plate on the efficiency of manufacture due to the testing results;
It is worked out the connection of download on the placement of the plates on the net surface;

Maqolada paxtani havo quvurlariga uzatish jarayoni tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotlarda paxtaning havo quvurlariga bir me’yorda uzatilmasligi aniqlangan va uning sabablari o‘rganilgan. Paxtani uzatishdagi notekislikni bartaraf etish uchun gorizontal lentada joylashgan paxta qatlamini tekislash kerak bo‘ladi. Olib borilgan tadqiqotlar natijasiga ko‘ra tekislovchi element sifatida tebranib turuvchi metal plastinka tanlandi. Yangi vibratsion ta’minlagichni ishlatish bilan notekislikni yuqori darajada kamaytirish mumkinligi ma’lum bo‘ldi.

maqolada mayda va yirik iflosliklardan tozalovchi UXK oqimining ifloslik shneklaridan chiqayotgan iflosliklarga aralashgan paxta bо‘lakchalari tuzulmaviy tarkibini mavjud va takomillashtirilgan paxta regeneratorlaridagi о‘zgarishini aniqlash bо‘yicha olib borilgan tadqiqot natijalari keltirilgan.

Ushbu maqolada sun’iy intellekt texnologiyasining ijtimoiy hayotga ta’siri o‘rganildi, kasbiy rivojlanishdagi o‘rni tahlil qilindi, kelgusi kasbiy faoliyatga ta’siri baholandi va sun’iy intellektni maktabda o‘qitish bo‘yicha yondashuvlar o‘rganildi. Hamda o‘rgatish jarayonini amaliy masalalar yechish orqali samarali tashkil etish aniqlandi.

The article discusses the design features and advantages of energy-efficient buildings. Problems in the field of energy saving were identified and recommendations were given  to improve energy efficiency, both individual elements and the entire building as a whole.

Maqola umumta’lim maktablari va akademik litseylarda fizika fanini o‘qitishda innovatsion texnologiyalar asosida interfaol usullarni dars mashg’ulotlarida qo’llash masalalariga bag‘ishlangan. Fizika fanining o‘qitish sifatini yaxshilashda innovatsion texnologiyalarni dars jarayonida samarali qo’llashda o‘qituvchining bilim va mahoratiga, eng muhimi o‘quvchining bilim olish motivatsiyasiga bog‘liqligi ko‘rsatilgan.

This article discusses the main aspects of organization, planning and management in construction. History, founders of the development of science and practice of construction organization.

The article takes into account the role of roads and bridges in the national economy, their natural conditions, productivity, efficiency and safety of road and rail transport, the principles of feasibility study of the parameters of all road elements, their durability after construction.

В статье говориться о потенциале использования цифровых технологий для модернизации современного образования, анализируются практические возможности современных технологий, позволяющие улучшить процессы преподавания и обучения. 

This article provides information about the basics of developing design estimates for the construction of buildings and structures in our Republic, about some problems in this area and their solutions.

The content of this scientific research is related to the study of the positive and negative effects of water added to the composition of a concrete structure, ensuring complete hydration of cement by reducing the amount of water to a minimum and creating a new structure of high-strength concrete.

Ushbu maqolada tabiatda uchraydigan jarayonlar: issiqlik tarqalishi, tor tebranishi, sterjen tebranishi, mayatnik tebranishi, magnit maydoni impulsi va hakazolar. Har qanday tabiiy protsess o’lchanganligi sababli uni modellashtirishdan hosil bo’lgan masala taqribiy yechiladi. Biz yechimni protsessni kuzatish (bir nuqtada o’lchash) yordamida hisoblashga harakat qildik. Bunda masala uchun qo’shma operator tuzilib, nokorrekt masala (boshlang’ich qiymat yo’q holat) shartli korrekt xolatga o’tkaziladi. Natijada matematik fizika masalasi ekstremum masalasiga keltirib yechim chekli sondagi algebraik tenglamalar sistemasiga keltiriladi

This article describes the activities in the housing and construction sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan, issues of adaptation to climate change and mitigation of its consequences, as well as issues of environmental protection and energy efficiency.

In this paper, we construct exact traveling wave solutions of the loaded Korteweg-de Vries and the loaded modified Korteweg-de Vries by the functional variable method. The performance of this method is reliable and effective and gives the exact solitary and periodic wave solutions. All solutions to these equations have been examined and 3D graphics of the obtained solutions have been drawn using the MATLAB program. We get some traveling wave solutions, which are expressed by the hyperbolic functions and trigonometric functions. The graphical representations of some obtained solutions are demonstrated to better understand their physical features, including bell-shaped solitary wave solutions, singular soliton solutions, and solitary wave solutions of kink type. Our results reveal that the method is a very effective and straightforward way offormulating the exact traveling wave solutions of non-linear wave equations arising in mathematical physics and engineering.

The article presents data on the substantiation of a new design of gaskets for saw gins, characterized by a lightweight type and a composite structure of individual steel elements (disk with splines, rim), welded after preliminary assembly.
The steel structure of the inter-saw gasket, as shown by experimental studies on axial compression, in contrast to aluminum design, is characterized by high strength, less permanent deformation, increased hardness and the ability to maintain performance for a long time under repeated operation without violating the technological conditions of ginning.

Промышленное и гражданское строительство входят в группу ключевых направлений развития государства. Данной утверждение основывается, во-первых, на значительных темпах обновления жилищного фонда (введение в действие новых жилых домов). Во вторых, на необходимости активизации промышленности, которой требуются новые высокотехнологичные здания и сооружения, отвечающие современным стандартам безопасности и требованиям заказчиков подобных строек. Такие приоритеты для государства весьма очевидны. Дело в том, что решая проблемы жилья, хотя бы в той мере, что его предложение на рынке неизменно растет, с соответствующими изменениями цен и изменением конкуренции, государство создает условия для решения и социальных проблем. В частности, новые микрорайоны в обязательном порядке должны быть снабжены детскими садами и школами, а о появлении новых магазинов общественного питания и сферы услуг вообще не вызывают сомнений. Выполняются социальные обязательства, формируются условия для развития  малого предпринимательства, происходит стимулирование процессов обмена и распределения накоплений населения, т.е. стимулирование экономики и экономического роста. Темпы строительства новых жилых многоквартирных домов на сегодняшний день одни из самых высоких за новейшую историю государства, а качество строений напрямую зависит от эффективности и соблюдения технологий строительства, а также качества и состава материала, из которого оно ведется.