Том 3 № 11 (2023): Volume - III Issue - XI

In any language, there are two types of vocabulary at the vocabulary level: general and specific. General vocabulary usually includes words that are easy to understand, repeat, and translate into another language. However, the lexical units of the special vocabulary have a very specific meaning and represent certain concepts from special fields of knowledge. Such lexemes can be difficult for a student who does not know what field they belong to. The lexical items of the commonly used dictionary are usually called "words", and special ones are called "terms". At the moment, the difference between the concepts of "word" and "term" is still being discussed by linguists. There are different definitions of the term and the word.

The article explores the potential applications of information and communication technology in teaching international students. An example of the development of an electronic training course in the Hemis distance learning system is given.

The article explains the fundamentals of information and communication technologies and assesses how they fit into the curriculum for foreign language instruction at contemporary universities. With the use of the ICT tools on this list, students' cognitive activity can be stimulated, positive learning motivation can be given, learning can be highly differentiated, and control over knowledge, skills, and abilities can be enhanced.

The focus of the article is on how non-philological students can benefit from problem-based learning components in their hands-on Russian language and speech culture classes. By posing difficult questions and having students solve problem-cognitive tasks, the author explains two types of student cognitive activity and two approaches to structuring a problem situation that stimulates student cognitive activity. The example of studying the most difficult syntax and punctuation topics is used to evaluate the content. The article is intended for Russian language instructors and can be used to enhance the efficacy of instruction in the field of "Russian language and culture of speech," to advance efforts to improve the literacy rate and speech culture of.

There are unique considerations when teaching a foreign language to young children. This is mainly because of the age-related traits of children, or more accurately, the quirks in their mentality and way of thinking. The foundation of all foreign language instruction for kids is emotional saturation in the classroom, integration into the natural world, rejection of rule-explanation and translation, and so forth. A child's development of academic motivation and speech competency is the ultimate goal of the process of learning a foreign language.

The essay discusses the challenges of innovative Russian language instruction in the present era while keeping in mind the methodological developments of the nineteenth and twentieth century’s. The methods for studying linguistic theory and organizing speech development using a Russian language textbook are taken into consideration. It has been demonstrated that many of the contradictions in teaching today have a long history and require a completely new approach to be resolved.

This article analyzes the translation and meaning of proverbs in German and Uzbek, as well as their similarities and differences. At the same time, the thematic comparison of proverbs in German and Uzbek languages was studied. In addition, by entering the scope of proverbs in both languages and finding alternative versions of proverbs related to this topic in both languages, some of the people's we try to express specific characteristics.

Global education system of the XXI century is  particular with the use of the Internet.  Today,  the main aim of the modern technologies and the Internet in the teaching process is to create the most suitable materials and methods for teachers and students. Currently, goals and technology in education in Kazakhstan represent humanistic ideas in pedagogy and philosophy of education. Here, we are considering the formation of  personality development as the main component of this goal. For gaining these purposes we need to develop some activities such as various sources of information, different perspectives, encouraging students to think independently, to seek their own well-reasoned positions.

This article provides information related to jewelry terms and types of jewelry available in English and Uzbek languages. Jewelry has always been a favorite of women in all countries. The terms related to jewelry in two languages are introduced and compared.

Throughout our lives, we continue to learn and hone our vocabulary, which is an endless skill. Even though some vocabulary is picked up implicitly through daily interactions, it's still critical to intentionally teach more sophisticated and technical vocabulary. We cannot rely on chance and assume that students will acquire the more than 50,000 words they need on their own to communicate successfully in academic settings as well as outside of them.

The basic rules and principles of translation were first defined by the famous literary critic VG Belinsky and later improved by other translation scholars. The scientific basis of the theory of translation, the great scientific significance of the famous scientisttranslator, academician I.Yu. Krachkovskiy, Professor E.E. Bertels, M. Morozov, A. Fedorov, N. In the works of Baskakov et al. Even among scholars who have generally accepted the theory of translation, there are some views on its content, nature, and direction. Various views on this subject are reflected in articles, scientific collections and textbooks.

The aim of this article is to analyze the basic phrases from the operational plans / orders by explaining concepts such as mission and execution, together with their elements, from a semantic and grammatical approach, and also by adding plastic elements in order to facilitate the understanding of the debated topics.

The article discusses the possibility of educating adolescents by engaging them in literary education and taking into account their psychological aspects.

This article provides information about the manuscript copies of the works “Miftah ul-adl” and “Gulzor” by Ibodulla Sayyid Podshahhoja ibn Abdulvahhabhoja (Xoja), a mature artist of his time. These works are important in determining the development of the narrative genre in the 16th century, which has a special place in the classical literature of the East. A small fragment of the works “Miftah ul-adl” and “Gulzor” has been published, and we know about both works through this publication. The full version of the works is kept in the manuscript fund of the Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Rayhan Beruni. The article examines these manuscript sources.

This article describes antioxidants and their importance in biological life, how necessary they are for the human body, and their pharmaceutical properties.

In this article a study and analysis of the theoretical and practical foundations of modern mosaic floor polishing technology and mechanization means are presented. The improvement of the construction has shown that grinding machines have enabled a reduction in labor costs and an increase in labor productivity.

This article explores the ICT competence of a primary school teacher. And also attention will be paid to the basic concept of competence.

The United States of America (USA) is a relatively young country from the point of view of history. Rare manuscripts created several hundred years ago in Asian and European countries are relatively rare in this country. That's why every old, rare work is preserved here like the pupil of an eye, and they are used effectively as an authoritative source. There are not many ancient manuscripts of Alisher Navoi's era in the United States, but there is a lot of attention in this country to the existing manuscripts of Navoi's works. Alisher Navoi's manuscripts of two valuable books are preserved in the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art. One of them is a copy of the book "Navodir-ush Shabab" copied by the calligrapher Kasim Ali Shirozi in 1580, and the other is a manuscript of the book "Navodir-un nihoya" copied by the famous calligrapher Ali Mashhadi during the lifetime of Alisher Navoi.

The article examines the morphological properties of sunflower varieties and hybrids included in the State Register of Agricultural Crops and recommended for sowing on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan, such as Jahongir, Dilbar, Osiyo, Yangi Zamon , Navruz, Dushko, Romeo, Vladimir, Bosphora.

In order to ensure the stability and development of its economy, the state constantly changes the priorities of fiscal policy depending on the socio-economic situation. As a result, the state creates conditions for the development of economic entities that determine measures to support activities. At the same time, the State is taking measures to ensure a stable flow of funds that will be concentrated in the budget to fulfill the function of the State. In the article, the author studied crises, their causes, their features, as well as patterns in their occurrence. In addition, the author, studying the economic crisis and its consequences that occurred in all countries of the world due to the Covid-19 pandemic, assessed its impact on the state of the economies of countries and sectors of the economy. The fact that during the pandemic, the state fiscal policy will change and its goal will be aimed at overcoming the economic crisis. The society has studied the views on the economic crises that have occurred.

This article talks about the effective forms, methods and means of developing moral-aesthetic culture and education of technology teachers. Suggestions and recommendations for the development of aesthetic culture of students are also given.

The authors of the work proposed a combined solar heating installation for heat and humidity treatment of supply air for greenhouses. The object of study is a combined solar collector for the simultaneous heating of water and air.

Heat and humidity treatment of supply air is an energy-intensive technological process that requires huge consumption of thermal energy and water resources.

In this work, in order to reduce the consumption of traditional energy for heat treatment of supply air, a combined solar collector is proposed and the results of an experimental study of the operating modes of the installation in the conditions of Karshi are presented. As a result of experimental studies, the high energy efficiency of a combined solar collector in the “water + air” heating mode has been shown. It has been established that the efficiency of the installation is in the range of 0.57-0.80.

Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience caused by existing or potential damage, described in terms of such damage. Pain is an important adaptive reaction of the body, serving as an alarm signal. However, if pain becomes chronic, it loses its physiological significance and is considered pathological. Acute pain appears when exposed to intense mechanical, thermal or chemical stimuli, lasts a short time and is clearly localized within the affected motor segment.

Syndrome pain V bottom parts backs (BNS) wide common And is one from leading temporary reasons loss ability to work. IN review are being considered basic causes emergence LBP, factors, promoting her development. Given basic signs, requiring in-depth examinations patient With BNS For exceptions specific nature diseases. IN compliance With modern glances on problem are analyzed basic directions treatment patients With BNS. Emphasizes necessity active participation himself sick V medicinal process. Are given recommendations for medicinal treatment given contingent patients.

This review article presents an analysis of data on the prevalence, intensity, and oral hygiene levels of dental caries in children and adolescents worldwide, as well as contemporary methodological approaches to hygiene education in organized and general pediatric education groups and individuals.

Central Asia is a region with a large theoretical potential for electricity generation from hydropower. For decades, electricity generation from hydropower has been playing a significant role especially in the upstream countries. However, the region has failed to harness its full hydropower potential. Tajikistan has only developed 4 percent of its total capacity, while Kyrgyzstan has exploited just 10 percent. If Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan were to fully capitalize on their topography, they would have a surplus of electricity to export to their fossil fuel-dependent neighbors.

The theoretical information about the listening comprehension skill is studied in the article, and the psycholinguistic basis of the listening comprehension skill is researched. The impact of listening comprehension on the quality of education and the difficulties in this process, the experiences of practical teaching of listening and understanding in various ways are covered as much as possible.

In modern conditions of society development, improving the quality of medical care is of extremely important social significance. Scientific and technological progress and the totality of modern social relations impose increasingly high professional, moral, ethical and legal requirements to specialists in the field of health care [1,2,5].

This study delves into the economic dynamics of major Indian states, focusing on the industrial sector's concentration and dispersion. Employing comprehensive data analysis and statistical methodologies, we assess the spatial distribution of industries, examining the extent of concentration and dispersion in key states. Our findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of the economic landscape, shedding light on the factors influencing industrial clustering and dispersion patterns. By identifying regional disparities and concentration trends, this research aids policymakers, investors, and businesses in making informed decisions to foster balanced industrial development.

The absence of teeth is currently an urgent problem for all mankind. Dentism accounts for 15% of all pathologies of the dental system [1]; 40% of patients over 60 years old are toothless [2]. The most common is the loss of chewing teeth, mainly the first molars. 8.55% of teeth are missing in the anterior dentition, 63.19% in the lateral dentition. Dentition defects, including tooth loss, account for 71.74% of all tooth losses, with terminal defects accounting for 28.26% [3]. Currently, implantation therapy is actively used in the rehabilitation of partially and completely toothless patients. This is due to the fact that prostheses based on implants allow the most complete restoration of masticatory efficiency, lingual function and high aesthetics of the bone system of the alveolar process in comparison with other types of orthopedic treatment. In addition, it is obvious that patients adapt to prostheses faster [3-7]. In this regard, partial and complete removable plate prostheses are currently recognized as a kind of sign of dental incompetence [8-11]. Nevertheless, the problem of choosing the most rational design of the implant abutment remains unresolved: in the mid-1990s, a revolutionary CAMlog system was developed based on the IMZ system, combining all the experience accumulated over the past decades. Standardized universal parts included in this system have greatly simplified the production of restorations based on implants [14].

Undoubtedly, prosthetics based on implants are very popular among orthopedic doctors and among patients who have lost one or more teeth (including on completely toothless jaws). Single implant placement and immediate prosthetics are becoming increasingly recognized, the obvious advantages of which compared to the two-pronged method are a reduction in the number of visits and treatment time. Indications are clinical parameters and the general condition of the patient. In addition, in some cases, the reinforcement stage may be skipped if aesthetic correction of the jaw area of the prosthesis is not required, for example, with a "toothy smile". The combination of the All-Fit KOS implantation system and BCS implants allows not only to perform surgery and prosthetics in one visit, but also to directly use the wells of the removed teeth. This tactic becomes possible due to the design features of the proposed implants. Thus, the KOS implant is an integrated device made of high-quality titanium and equipped with a compression thread. A properly performed surgical intervention involves the use of an immediate load protocol - prosthetics for three days.KOS implants are used for bridges. If it is necessary to remove teeth, the KOS system is combined with the BCS system - BCS is an implant with screw fixation, installed in both crowns. They can be used directly after extraction with immediate loading; at least three units must be splinted per installation; BCS implants have a polished surface, the head is identical to the head of KOS implants; BCS implants have a self-tapping thread and an intraosseous anti-cranking function. A specific clinical example of an immediate loading protocol using a combination of KOS and BCS implants will be presented.

This article provides information about the subordinating conjunction, which is a type of conjunction. I explained the place of this type of conjunction in the sentence and in what situations it is used and what it means in the sentence. This linking word or phrase indicates an informative value to add to the main idea of the sentence, indicating a cause-and-effect relationship or a change in time and place between the two clauses.

This article details the mechanical calculations of the soybean seeding device. As a result of mechanical calculations, the length, diameter, thickness and electric motor power of the soybean seed cutting device shaft were calculated. In addition, one of the main elements of the stabbing device is the length, thickness and acceleration length of the blade.

This article's goal is to examine the potential applications of typological data for enhancing language teaching approaches. The article explores the relationship between typology and didactics and brings up current issues in language typological research. A special focus is placed on the interference issue.

Teaching the Russian language at national groups of non-linguistic higher education institutions in Uzbekistan aims to generalize and systematize students' knowledge of the Russian language, consolidate written and oral speech skills, instill knowledge and skills in the field of business speech. Formation and improvement of skills in speech activity on the basis of texts, the work with which lays the foundations for a creative approach to teaching and cooperation between the teacher and students have been described in the article.