EIJP ISSN: 2751-000X
VOLUME04 ISSUE10
25
THE USAGE OF PAIR WORDS IN RUSSIAN LANGAUAGE
Usmonova Gulshod Madxatovna
Senior teacher of Termez state university, Uzbekistan
AB O U T ART I CL E
Key words:
Teaching, Learning Language,
Methodology.
Received:
05.10.2024
Accepted
: 10.10.2024
Published
: 15.10.2024
Abstract:
The method of teaching Russian
language begins to teach language to students in
primary school. The first method of teaching
Russian language is practicing technique.
Psychological and pedagogical laws of the learning
process are like the needs of the society. At the
beginning of these needs are communication tools.
The communication tools define the ways of
teaching Russian to students according to their
language characteristics. The method of teaching
Russian language consists of the literary parts of
the language skills of students, the concepts of
grammar, the change of language system over time
(assimilation) and other parts of language science.
Methodology;
pedagogy,
psychology
and
philosophy at the intersection of disciplines. These
disciplines have a common interest.
INTRODUCTION
The most detailed description of the issues surrounding expressivity issues was first
given by a French and Swiss linguist Charles Bally in his works, "French Stylistics" (1909), "Language
and life"(1913),"Common linguistics and French language issues" (1932). V.V.Vinogradov,
V.A.Zvegintsev, O.S.Akhmatova and others paid much attention to the evocative and expressive side of
a language. E.M.Galkina-Fedoruk, A.N.Gvozdev, A.D.Grigoriev, L.L.Kim devoted their works to this
problem as well. The researches in this field covers a wide range of problems (V.G.Gak, M.N.Kozhina,
A.Lukjanova, V.N.Teliya, T.A.Tripolskaya,V.K.Kharchenko, M.I.Cheremisina, V.I.Shakhovskiy and others)
As for Yakut linguistics, the issue of expressivity issues has been studied since the nineties.
(P.A.Sleptsov, P.S.Afanasiev,V.I.Likhanov and others).The Yakut standard language has rich expressive
resources, especially in the language of fiction and the colloquial language. It was V.I. Likhanov who
made the first specialised research into the expressivity category in Yakut linguistics. The paired words
have a
special place in a special vocabulary of the Yakut language’s expressive fund. As it is noted in the
VOLUME04 ISSUE10
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55640/eijp-04-10-06
Pages:25-27
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
ISSN: 2751-000X
VOLUME04 ISSUE10
26
Yakut language Grammar: "The words of such type have not been studied enough. There are only some
preparatory observations. So it is possible to make just some common remarks about such words. The
paired words are widely used in poetry, fiction and in colloquial speech". (Grammar,1982: 113). In the
Yakut language, any concept can be expressed using the paired words. As Kharitonov L.N. defines, "the
paired words are a grammatically equal or parallel combination of two words, belonging to the same
part of speech and representing one lexical item. (Kharitonov, 1947: 113) Depending on their lexical-
semantic structure the paired words are divided into three kinds: 1. Combination words, consisting of
two full words; this category can be further divided into the following subsets: а) The combination of
synonyms; b) The combination of antonyms; c) The combination in which the general meaning is the
sum of its components; e) the paired words-doublets. Such words normally express multiplicity. 2.
Combination words in which the second component does not have a separate meaning and use; 3.
Combination words in which the two components are not used separately; it is characteristic for the
two component words to rhyme. rhyming of the two component is characteristic for such group. It is
assumed, that "the meaning of a paired word to a greater extent depends on the meaning of its every
component and the sense relation to each other. The amplitude of a paired word meaning seems to
depend on the contrast degree of the two components’ meanings. These two components are somehow
the two opposite poles of a paired word sense range. Contrast type combination usually obtain
collective
generalizing meaning: хаар
-
самыыр,snow
-rain (here these paired words mean precipitation
as a whole). The combinations of a flat type, i.e. those which have similar meaning, also have a collective
generalizing meaning. (Grammar,1982: 114). It is to be noted that the majority of the paired
combinations that describe an animate object, has a collective generalizing meaning independently of
their structure. In the combinations of synonyms and in those combinations, in which one component
does not have its own meaning (especially verbs and adjectives), the second component almost always
shows emphatic characteristic or action denoted by the first word of a pair. Different kinds of emotional
emphatic and specification of the main component meaning exist in this process."The phonetic doublet
in a paired word, despite the absence of its own independent meaning , has a certain semantic load in a
combination. It gives an additional hint to the main component of the combination.(normally of an
emphatic character)" (Gra
mmar;1982, 115). As Е.I. Ubryatova notes, "the parallelism in a shape of the
paired combination members is caused by aspiration to assonance , which plays a very big role in some
languages. The assonance is recognized as one of the main organizing moments of the paired words in
these languages. (Ubryatova,1948: 300) Е.I.Ubryatova also notes that the Yakut language, keeping many
ancient characteristics, is tightly connected to ancient Turkic languages in formation of paired words.
Paired words enable to create vertical and horizontal alliterations in the epic works as well as parallel
constructions, which have much significance in the epic formulas. "In any paired word the second
member of the pair clearly demonstrates an increment, quantitative or qualitative intensity of the first
one and gives to the semantics of a combination the emphatic subtleties", i.e. all paired words contain
expressive meaning. However, paired words make up an independent, special layer of evocative
dictionary, and their research is among the further tasks of the Yakut linguistics". (Ubryatova,1948:
300) As the research shows, in olongkho "Njurgun, the Impetuous Warrior" by K.G. Orosin among the
common quantity of the paired words, used in this olongkho, 36% are nouns,17% are verbs,25% are
participles,12% are adverbs,10% are adjectives. Lexical and semantic analyses of the paired words
revealed the following: 1. The paired words, used in this olongkho, are remarkable for their
expressivity. Their general meaning is wider and richer than a simple valuated sum of their
components. 2. In the olongkho being researched the phonetic doublets are encountered most of all in
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
ISSN: 2751-000X
VOLUME04 ISSUE10
27
the paired participles. The second component has a certain semantic load in a combination. It gives an
additional hint of
an emphatic character to the main component of the combination.(«уруйдуу
-
уруйдуу»
- glorifying-
glorifying, «унаарыта
-
унаарыта»
- holding out hands. 3. The paired adjectives,
the first member of which is an emphatic prepositive, fixed to bases are encountered most of all in this
olongkho. The morphological peculiarity of such adjectives is an emphatic particle, expressing
uniqueness or special character of the feature. (кип
-
килэккий
- very shiny) 4. The group of paired
adjectives is the most various one. There are numerous onomatopoetic adverbs in this group, consisting
of doubled and onomatopoetic uninflected words. The characteristic feature of this group is that the
components are rhymed and the two components are not used separately. The paired onomatopoetic
words are coupled with the verb, thus functioning as manner adverbs. When used with full verbs they
function as adverbial modifier of manner.
REFERENCES
1.
Alferova, A.D. (1911). Rodnoy yazık v sredney şkole.
2.
Opıt metodiki Babaytseva, V. (1997). Russkiy yazık. Moskva.
3.
Alaudinova, Dilnoza. "INGLIZ TILIDA KOMMUNIKATIV KOMPETENSIYANI RIVOJLANTIRIShNING
PSIXOLOGIK-PEDAGOGIK VA LINGVODIDAKTIK XUSUSIYATLARI." Journal of Academic Research
and Trends in Educational Sciences (2024): 430-433.
4.
KM, A., AbdulHussein, A. H., Edrees Fadhil, A., Abdalhuseen, R. A., Mahdi Saleh, H., Turki Edan, R., ...
& Nigora Narimanovna, M. (2023). Systematic Review of Drug Nanocarriers in Breast Cancer
Treatment: Focusing on Liposomes and Polymeric Nanoparticles. Journal of Nanostructures, 13(4),
960-977.
5.
ALAUDINOVA, Dilnoza. "FRAZEOLOGIK BIRIKMALAR VA ULARNI TARJIMA QILISH USULLARI."
XALQ TA’LIMI 57.
6.
Kizi, Alaudinova Dilnoza Rustam. "Lexical errors and shortcomings in the translation process."
European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 3.10 (2023):
275-280.
