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PEDAGOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ SKILLS IN USING
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Murodova Maksuda Maksudovna
Teacher of the Primary Education Department of the Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan
AB O U T ART I CL E
Key words:
Information, intelligence,
information technology, educational system,
educational process, software tools, competence,
information resources, spiritual and moral
qualities, goodness, belief, modern principles,
ability, initiative, social activity, patriotism,
honesty, hard work, humility, dedication.
Received:
02.11.2024
Accepted
: 07.11.2024
Published
: 12.11.2024
Abstract:
In this article, it is clarified that the
possibilities of improving the quality and
efficiency of the subject-methodological level of
training on the use of information technologies in
healthy spiritual and moral education are related
to the features of organization based on an
integrative approach, the didactic capabilities of
organizational and structural components of the
stages of improvement on the basis of pedagogical,
dedicated to raising the quality and efficiency of
indicators of mastering observation and
imagination-based processes based on modern
information technologies.
INTRODUCTION
Today, information technologies appear as an integral part of the educational system.
The creation of an electronic educational environment, the use of information technologies in the healthy
spiritual and moral upbringing of future teachers in higher educational institutions, serves as the main
factors in development. Therefore, defining the strategic and tactical goal
s of developing students’
spiritual and moral worldview, forming personal spirituality and worldview on the basis of original values
has become a socio-pedagogical task.
With the rapid development of information technologies, it is appropriate to widely arrange
motivational, purposeful, conceptual modern forms and methods in the classes that take into account
the expansion of the worldview of students. “Realizing the desire of our people to build free and
prosperous, powerful New Uzbekistan, to create all opportunities for every citizen to develop their
potential, to raise a healthy, educated and spiritually perfect generation, forming a strong economy,
which has become an important link of global production, guaranteeing justice, rule of law, security and
s
tability” tasks are of priority importance. Meeting the information needs of students, forming their
spiritual and moral qualities using information resources, information technologies, and information
systems requires effective organization of the educational process. To our national historical heritage,
VOLUME04 ISSUE11
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55640/eijp-04-11-24
Pages:130-135
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national education in the spirit of respect for universal human values requires the implementation of
systematic work, especially the development of professional skills and social-pedagogical knowledge
that serve to ensure behavior and morals.
METHODOLOGY
Research studies on the problems of introducing the theory and practice of information technologies in
the educational process were conducted by A.A.Abduqodirov, M.Aripov, U.Sh.Begimkulov, F.M.Zakirova,
R.
J.Ishmukhamedov, Q.T.Olimov, D.Saydahmedova, N.Taylakov, O.H.To‘rakulov, B.O.Ernazarova,
M.N.Tsoy and A.G.Hayitov in our country.
The issues of using information technologies in the educational process in the CIS countries were studied
by A. Andreev, V. M. Kolikova, A. Koryakina, O. Osipova, V. Paramzina, E. Polat, A. V. Smirnov, E. S.
Cherkasova, A. Shabanov and others.
Research works on the introduction of information technologies into the educational process in foreign
countries were studied by B. Antonokas, J. Daniel, M. Dougiamas, B. Holmberg, C.S. Lanyi, D. Moursund,
T. Vaughan, R. Zapponel.
Education - on the basis of the knowledge created in the growing generation, determines the goal of
creating intellectual perfection-worldview, human faith-duty and responsibility, spiritual and moral
qualities characteristic of the people of the society. Also, the concept of education in a broad sense
includes education and information acquisition. In a narrow sense, education means pedagogical
activities aimed at the cultivation of physical development of a person, worldview, spiritual and moral
image, and aesthetic taste. But any upbringing exists only in close connection with education. Because
in the process of education and information acquisition, not only the knowledge of a person increases,
but also the development of spiritual and moral qualities is accelerated.
Spirituality is a tendency to goodness, refraining from evil and evil, striving for refinement and truth,
honesty and truthfulness, and following the moral, legal, educational and cultural criteria of the society
to which one belongs. It is a set of positive, beautiful qualities that determine the nature of a person's
life and activities and are embodied in their activities. Spirituality reflects a person's heart, consciousness,
intelligence, nature, knowledge, and culture.
Morality is a set of behaviors, manners, and manners of people that are manifested in their relationships
with each other, family, and society.
Healthy spiritual and moral education is a system of education aimed at forming an ideological, political,
moral, spiritual, educational, ideological image of a person, as well as a complex of traits, virtues,
qualities, manners instilled in a person as a result of education. (author’s definition).
Effective organization of healthy spiritual and moral education, raising the level of spiritual and
psychological knowledge, ensures the formation of a healthy worldview in a person, and the emergence
of healthy thinking.
The main features of the educational process are its integrity, systematicity, periodicity and technology.
Integrity means the unity of the processes of education and training, as well as the processes of personal
development. Education and training, although science distinguishes them, are related to each other.
Information technologies are methods and technical means of organizing, storing, developing, restoring,
transferring information that develops the knowledge of future teachers, expanding their capabilities in
managing technical and social processes.
Having an important place in the educational process, IT helps to solve the following tasks: to open,
preserve and develop the individual abilities of future teachers, which are unique qualities of each
person; to form their cognitive abilities, the desire for self-improvement; to ensure maximum study of
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events and phenomena, exact, natural-scientific, technical, social-humanitarian, interrelation between
art sciences; to constantly dynamically update the content, form and methods of educational processes.
DISCUSSION
The need to create a national information system, taking into account the modern principles of
development and improvement of information resources, information technologies and information
systems in the process of developing spiritual and moral qualities in students, requires the
implementation of educational methods.
The development of spiritual and moral qualities in students, as a result of the formation of spiritual and
moral knowledge, a number of moral categories such as happiness, conscience, duty, justice, honor, love,
goodness, glory, faith, loyalty are formed in students. The development of spiritual and moral qualities
in students and young people, such qualities as initiative, social activity, patriotism, honesty, hard work,
humility, selflessness, etc. Young people with these qualities consciously fulfill the requirements of moral
standards, respect national and universal values, like spiritual heritage, customs and traditions. However,
having knowledge of moral and ethical standards, understanding them, and building good qualities does
not mean that students are educated in a moral and ethical way. When the qualities of humanity are
reflected in life experiences and clearly manifested in the activity of a person entering into relationships,
this determines the level of his education.
Initially, it is crucial to educate a morally and ethically competent, socially active person, as well as to
focus on raising the level of education of young people for the development of society. Because it is
impossible to imagine the development of society without morally educated people. In the spiritual and
moral education of young people, firstly, it is necessary to pay attention to the roots of the history and
spirituality of our nation.
The “Labyrinth of Information” or “Basket” method is very effective in developing spiritual and moral
qualities in students. The purpose of the method is that the participants should study a certain situation
and choose one of many alternative actions at different points, in other words, go through a kind of
maze. The process of implementation of the method: students are given sheets, they are presented with
various situations and questions related to a certain field or interpersonal relations. The student’s task is
to make the correct decision based on the facts of the particular situation, and usually the decision must
be chosen from among several options. Each answer leads the student to the next state and continues
until the final result is reached. Each student can choose his own path, the goal of which is to get through
the maze to the final solution by taking the fewest steps. A student who has a good understanding of
the principles of choosing situations will quickly reach the end by choosing the correct answer to practical
questions. An incompetent student makes the wrong choice and must return to the starting position and
go all the way again. The aim of the information maze method is to teach you to learn from your mistakes
and choose the right methods or relationships. After completing the task, the teacher should discuss
with everyone the reasons for choosing the correct and incorrect solutions. According to psychologist
Leslie Ray, the “information maze” method has two major drawbacks:
1) A “smart” student can cope with a situation without really understanding it by reading and memorizing
information from books and, therefore
2) The lesson requires a lot of paper -
one set consists of several sheets for each stage of the “labyrinth”,
such sets should be prepared for each participant. This shortcoming can be overcome by doing exercises
on the computer. For this, each participant must provide his own monitor connected to the teacher's
computer. It should be noted that the interactive part of this method is mainly implemented in the
second part, where decisions are made, and they should be announced to the public and the results
discussed. At the same time, not individual students, but several small groups can participate in the
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labyrinth, in which case it is appropriate to complicate the tasks. In the development of spiritual and
moral qualities, students are helped to analyze and achieve results of their chosen topics using the
information labyrinth method.
RESULTS
The importance of using information technologies in the spiritual and moral education of students, the
forms of using information technologies in the healthy spiritual and moral education of students,
organizing and conducting didactic games using IT tools, information technologies for future teachers
on the basis of healthy spiritual and moral upbringing, they will have information about the negative
effects of extremism and terrorism, missionary activities and their negative consequences.
There is always a problem of content and methods in education , these issues are inextricably linked. As
a result of the enrichment of teaching methods in high education with modern media, the quality of
education will increase. Technologies such as the Internet and multimedia combine the methods of this
group to develop computer programs based on educational materials and manuals necessary for future
teachers. In this regard, the distance education method is of particular importance as it has a number of
conveniences for teachers and future teachers.
Distance education is a special type of education, the main feature of which is the interactivity of
interaction between all participants of the educational process. The presence of a teacher is not
necessary, because distance learning is a process of independent learning of the material
To study the level of formation of knowledge, skills, skills and competences related to the spiritual and
moral education of students, as well as to study the possibilities of increasing students' interest in
studying, to form a healthy worldview with students, to use information technologies in spiritual and
moral education. Efficiency, as well as the level of mastery of their knowledge, skills, qualifications and
competencies in education of spiritual and moral qualities can be determined through educational and
test tasks of creative description. In the third stage, indicators of professional pedagogical reflection
(motivational, valuable, cognitive-active, personal-reflexive) components that form the structure of
healthy spiritual and moral education of future teachers and determine the level of interdependence
consists of gaining.
CONCLUSION
The introduction of modern IT into the processes of healthy spiritual and moral education of students
requires, first, the humanization of pedagogical relations. It is clear that any educational technologies
used without establishing such relations will not give the expected results. The methodical and didactic
basis of using modern IT in the healthy spiritual and moral upbringing of students is considered to be
State education standard , and it defines the criteria of knowledge, skills, qualifications and competencies
that future teachers should acquire. The purpose of using IT in the healthy spiritual and moral education
of students is to develop creative thinking; tasks completed in each session take 20-25% of the total time,
and work based on creative thinking takes 75-80% of the time. It was based on the fact that they can draw
theoretical conclusions based on the fact that they have acquired more practical knowledge, skills,
qualifications and competencies.
Forms of healthy education for students are in the classroom and extracurricular activities, regardless of
the organization of traditional and non-traditional lessons, educational activities, scientific-theoretical,
scientific-methodical, spiritual-meaning. It was envisaged that trainings organized taking into account
the level of knowledge and thinking of students will have a high pedagogical effect only when they are
fully implemented. The joint use of modern information technologies with innovative pedagogical
technologies increases the professional readiness of students, the effectiveness of educational activities,
their practical application serves to acquire knowledge, skills, qualifications and competencies. We can
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see that the use of modern information technologies in the healthy spiritual and moral education of
students in the classroom and extracurriular activities has increased the quality and efficiency of
educational activities. .
It is important to present the scientific-methodical, didactic foundations and examples of the
organization of lessons and extracurricular educational activities based on improving the use of modern
information technologies in the healthy spiritual and moral education of future teachers through Internet
sites.
Materials related to improving the use of modern information technologies in the healthy spiritual and
moral upbringing of students, non-auditory activities: excursions, conferences, debate evenings,
answering the question hours, competitions related to spiritual and moral education serve to form
spiritual and moral qualities in students among future teachers.
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