EIJP ISSN: 2751-000X
VOLUME04 ISSUE11
12
FORMING CONSCIOUS ATTITUDE OF PRIMARY CLASS STUDENTS TOWARDS WORK
THROUGH TECHNOLOGY LESSONS
Mirsaidova Mubarak Karimova
Uzbekistan-Finland Pedagogical Institute, Faculty of preschool and primary education, Teacher of the
"Primary Education" department, Uzbekistan
AB O U T ART I CL E
Key words:
Work culture, technological
education, moral preparation for work, practical
training, educational tools, practical knowledge,
technological education.
Received:
29.10.2024
Accepted
: 03.11.2024
Published
: 08.11.2024
Abstract:
In this article, the organization of
technology classes in elementary grades, what
should be paid attention to in forming practical
work skills in students through technology classes,
and the basics of forming moral qualities in
students along with education through.
INTRODUCTION
The main tasks of technology education and training in primary grades are to prepare
students for work, to teach and improve the consistency of the choice of professions of primary school
students, to educate them according to the requirements of the National Program, and to prepare
students for professions. It consists of providing theoretical and practical knowledge in their
development.
In order to create a culture of work, children's attention should always be drawn to the rules and
placement of educational tools and materials necessary for the lesson, proper equipment of the
workplace, methods of using materials economically, standards and quality of work, performance
indicators. it is necessary to follow the maintenance measures, to observe the accuracy and cleanliness
obtained in the processing and to decorate the creative works prepared according to the instruction in
the lesson.
Inadequate supply of necessary materials and educational tools also negatively affects the formation of
labor education. Sometimes, due to the unpreparedness and disorganization of the students, a lot of the
teacher's time is wasted. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures in time, relying on mutual friendly
support between students with the help of group captains, before the student starts classes. An
approach to technology education without creative initiative does not turn work into a factor of mental
development. Labor activity that does not require the application of knowledge and does not activate
thinking does not develop mental abilities. Technological education is formed as a result of many
exercises, which are accompanied by regular explanations of the need to observe the established order
and consistency of actions in this or that work process.
VOLUME04 ISSUE11
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55640/eijp-04-11-03
Pages:12-15
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
ISSN: 2751-000X
VOLUME04 ISSUE11
13
The goal of technology education and training at school is to instill love for work and respect for
working people; to form work skills and skills in them during study and socially useful work; is to
encourage them to consciously choose a profession and receive initial vocational education. The tasks
of technology education and vocational training are solved in primary school with the help of the whole
educational subject and all educational subjects. In this place, technology lessons play a leading role.
The initial stage of regular technology education at school is technology lessons in elementary grades
and socially useful work for children of junior school age. The main tasks of technology education in
primary school are determined by the goals and tasks of education, it is moral and psychological
preparation for work, equipping students with knowledge of elementary technology, practical training
for work, equipping them with technological qualifications and skills, It includes the comprehensive
development of students in the process of technology education.
Ethically preparing students for work means, first of all, forming a conscious attitude to work. Mentally
preparing students for work means forming conscious and positive attitudes towards work in
accordance with their age, forming interest in acquiring practical skills and abilities. The task of the
teacher is to help students to understand that work is the conscience and duty of everyone, that a person
is honored by his work, that the best qualities of a person can develop and improve only in the work
done for the welfare of the country. Children's ability to work is very important for everyone to
understand the need to participate in the production of tools necessary for the life and activity of
society, its well-being. Also, children should learn that a person cannot live in society without work.
Mental preparation for work involves the development and improvement of various psychological
processes. These are perception, emotional perception, attention, memory, thinking and similar
processes. In other words, they are called psychological components of technology education. When
training for work, it is necessary to improve the process of emotional cognition, taking into account the
child's capabilities. It is known that labor activity and technological education are characterized by the
manifestation of a combination of different senses (sight, hearing, feeling, taste, skin, muscle
movement). Therefore, when introducing a new material or tool to elementary school students, they
activate all types of children's senses: children grab the paper, stroke it, turn it over, and listen to how
it rustles. Such activation of senses not only helps to get a more complete picture of information, but
also develops and improves this psychological process. In order to make the preparation for work more
successful, the task of developing children's memories is definitely carried out. Memorization of
technology learning materials is unique compared to other materials. Primary school students
understand the name of all new tools, materials, and processes by listening and connecting them to the
object. The teacher does not only explain in the labor class, but mainly shows samples of materials and
products, tools, methods of material processing, consistency of processes. Therefore, auditory, visual
memory and motor memory also play an important role in labor education. Pupils acquire new
knowledge and skills from labor lesson to labor lesson, and they need to be understood and
remembered. The results of teaching technological skills and abilities to elementary school students
depend to a large extent on the development of psychological processes and the improvement of the
muscular movement apparatus under the control of the brain. Emotional processes are also
characteristic of the correct course of technology education. It is necessary to teach children to
overcome difficulties, to enter the path of achieving the set goal with perseverance and determination,
not to abandon the work started, but to finish it. It is very important to have positive emotions: joy,
pleasure and satisfaction from the training you have done. Various psychological states are manifested
during technology classes: activity, concentration, interest, independent thinking, feelings of
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dissatisfaction. Individual psychological characteristics of a person, such as interests, abilities, and
temperament, are formed in technology classes. The process of preparing mentally and morally for
work is a complex and long-lasting process. Spiritual and psychological preparation for work should
have its real basis - technical knowledge, practical skills and a certain stock of skills. If the child is not
taught to work, work will not become an acceptable activity for him, it will not be able to create the
necessary positive emotions and other psychological manifestations. In such cases, love for work and
other moral qualities, which express the attitude to work, are not manifested. Equipping with
elementary technical knowledge in elementary grades is not about scientific foundations in a broad
sense, but about the elements of technical education. However, the teaching of general subjects helps to
teach technology lessons to a certain extent on the basics of technology, adding technology knowledge
from lesson to lesson. When passing any section of the program on technology, the teacher gives
children a certain amount of technical knowledge. Arming students with basic technical knowledge is
to inform students about making an object, the properties of the processed material, its technological
peculiarities, the characteristics of the tools and devices used in the manual processing of the material,
and the rules for their use. In the elementary grades, scientific foundations in a broad sense imply
introduction to some sectors, the most common specialties and professions, and the main products of
enterprises. Technical knowledge given in technology education helps students to understand why an
object can be processed in such and such a way, why a plant grows poorly in the shade or in poorly
cultivated land, why a person should keep himself and his clothes clean, etc. creates an opportunity.
Technical training helps in performing assigned work tasks and using tools correctly. Also, this training
helps to understand how and in what sequence to implement the necessary production processes, what
tools to use and the reasons for it. Technical knowledge mainly arouses interest in science and
technology achievements among elementary school students. The scope of technology knowledge is not
limited to technology classes. Other taught subjects also contribute to this. It is a ground that allows
students to be taught technical knowledge, practical skills and skills at a certain theoretical level.
Practical training for work is one of the important links of technology education. It consists of several
interconnected elements: the ability to use simple tools and devices, the ability to perform the necessary
processes correctly and precisely, that is, the ability to process one or another material with a certain
consistency, avoid It includes the ability to detect and correct errors in time. Practical training for work
can be carried out only on the basis of necessary knowledge. In accordance with the content of
technology education, students acquire practical skills and abilities to use simple tools and devices used
in processing materials that are convenient for this age group. Simple tools are the main basis of special
tools and machines. Equipping with practical skills and knowledge also means teaching basic
production processes. The technology of objects encountered by elementary school students is diverse,
but it is not difficult to perceive the accuracy of the work processes without studying the matter in
detail, which are: measuring and marking the material, bending and cutting them; joining and
strengthening parts by gluing, sewing, cutting and tying; assembling the details and assembling the
product. The final process is decorating the item. The formation of graphic skills is also related to the
practical preparation of primary school students for work. It is very important to determine the ability
and interest of students in a certain type of work and to help them improve their work skills in their
favorite occupations. Students' professional abilities and skills are formed through their interest in their
favorite activity.
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