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30
IMPROVING SCIENTIFIC PEDAGOGICAL MECHANISMS AND INNOVATIVE METHODS OF
TEACHING IN (ACCORDING TO THE EXAMPLE OF THE SOUTH KOREAN EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM)
Khurshida Gubaeva Ismatilla qizi
Translator of the Department of Preschool education of Bucheon University in Tashkent, Uzbekistan
AB O U T ART I CL E
Key words:
I
nternational standard, digital
technology, innovative methods, curriculum.
Received:
20.09.2024
Accepted
: 25.09.2024
Published
: 30.09.2024
Abstract:
In this scientific article the author
highlights the advantages of the Korean teaching
system and focuses on improving the scientific
pedagogical mechanisms and innovative methods
of education in terms of using international
experience among the higher education system
students.
INTRODUCTION
Training highly qualified personnel with modern knowledge and high spiritual and moral qualities, who
think independently, using international experience in the digital educational environment in the
higher education system is an urgent issue of today. The concept for the development of the higher
education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030 aims to introduce advanced international
standards in higher education, including a phased transition from education aimed at acquiring
theoretical knowledge in curricula to an education system aimed at developing practical skills.[1]
Analyzing foreign educational programs, based on their achievements and shortcomings, we will
improve the quality of higher education based on national values, improve curricula, introduce modern
pedagogical technologies, and attract scientific technologies. President of our country Shavkat
Mirziyoyev also expressed his opinion on the return of the school curriculum to the curriculum of first-
year students in the higher education system, the study of general subjects, and noted that this is
causing our youth to lose their life for a year and to lose interest. For this reason, it is necessary to
review the higher education system of our country and work to maximise the orientation of students
towards practice. In developed countries, special subjects are taught from the first academic year, and
practice plays a significant role. The strengths of international higher education institutions, their
experience, will help us develop recommendations for the development of the republic's higher
education system. Therefore, we focused on analyzing the education system of South Korea, which is
renowned among developed countries for its mentality, values, and high academic standards. The
reason is that the South Korean education system has the best educational programs in the world, meets
international standards, and ranks second in the world in terms of students' IQ level and knowledge
VOLUME04 ISSUE09
https://doi.org/10.55640/eijps-04-09-06
Pages: 30-33
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level. The high level of intellectual development of the Korean people can also be judged by their ability
to read and calculate, that is, their high level of mathematical knowledge.[2]
In the South Korean education system, preschool (education) (
유치원
) is for children aged 3-5 years
old, and attending kindergarten is not mandatory, but Koreans place a strong emphasis on kindergarten
education. Primary school (
초등학교
) lasts for 6 years from the age of 6. Basic knowledge is provided
in Korean, mathematics, science, and social sciences. In secondary school (
중학교
), students will study
for 3 years from 12 to 15 years, and the curriculum will be more specialized and competitive. High
school (
고등학교
) is also a 3-year course, with students aged 15-18 studying and can choose general,
vocational or specialized schools. The duration of studies in Korean colleges is 2 years, bachelor's
degree in universities is 4 years, master's degree is 2-4 years (differs by industry), doctoral degree is 4
years. There are 3 types of universities in South Korea:[3]
1. National universities
- funded by the government;
2. State universities
are owned by local authorities;
3. Private universities
are established and funded by non-profit foundations and other organizations.
There are a total of over 400 universities in South Korea, 80% of which are private universities. South
Korean universities operate in the Bologna education system and offer many English-language
programs. Studying at private universities is usually more expensive than at national and public
universities. During the first 2 years, undergraduate students study general subjects, followed by
subjects in their specialty. Work experience is highly valued in South Korea, so most programs include
internships ranging from a few months to one year. At the end of the study, students defend a project
or take a comprehensive final exam on previous subjects. To obtain a bachelor's degree, the student's
average score over the entire undergraduate period must be no lower than grade C.
The master's program provides students with in-depth training in a specialty and often includes
research work. After completing their master's degree, students defend their master's thesis, take a
comprehensive exam in previous subjects, and take an English exam. To obtain a Master's degree, the
student's average score for the entire Master's period must be no lower than B-level. After obtaining a
master's degree, a doctoral student must study for more than 3 years, while studying in 2 different
forms:
1. Independent doctoral studies
are intended for graduates of master's programs who wish to
continue their studies in the same field, the program consists of 3 years, of which 2 years involve the
study of specialization and research work.
2. Integrated doctoral programs
are intended for undergraduate graduates, where the program
combines master's and doctoral studies, as an intermediate master's degree is awarded to the student
between studies. The program will last for more than 4 years, including the study of subjects and
research work in the specialty.
At the end of the study, students defend their doctoral dissertation, take a comprehensive exam on past
subjects and take an exam on a foreign language. In order to obtain a doctoral degree, a student's
average score over the entire doctoral period must be no lower than B-level.
There are several advantages of higher education in South Korea, including:
- Interdisciplinary approach
: The focus on curricula has developed interdisciplinary connections to
enhance students' understanding and practical application of knowledge:
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- Continuing education
: Special attention is paid to teacher training, ongoing professional
development programs are being implemented that train teachers in innovative teaching technologies.
According to statistics, 6.5 percent of all students in South Korea are future teachers. 24% of the state
budget is also spent on education for their professional development and training.[4]
- Technology Integration
: In South Korea, digital tools and resources are widely used in lessons to
implement learning experiences such as online simulations, curricula, and virtual classes, and
classrooms are equipped with cutting-edge technologies, and all educational institutions are connected
to a high-speed internet.
- Innovative Teaching Methods
- In Korean classrooms, great emphasis is placed on teamwork, this
approach not only creates a collaborative learning environment, but also prepares students for the
future, where teamwork and problem-solving skills will be available in the workplace. At the same time,
the participation of students is widely encouraged through group work, discussions, and practical
exercises.
- Student-centered education
In Korea, the methods of teaching and evaluating students are unique.
Students prepare themselves for the lecture process and read on their own. Teachers only manage it,
teachers do not pay much attention to attendance, lectures, and summaries. However, the student must
take the test every semester in the chosen field. First-year students are assigned to higher-level
students by specialty. For Koreans, confidence in the ability to apply acquired theoretical knowledge
in practice is very important
Respect for Local Values
: When adopting international standards, Koreans pay special attention to
ensuring that these teaching methods align with local values and traditions. After all, today, the values
of the Korean people have not lost their cultural relevance.
Global civic education
: Korean curricula include lessons on global issues, which increases awareness
and responsibility among Korean students.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, it can be said that we can model the experience of the Republic of South Korea in the field
of education, its achievements in educational programs based on national values that correspond to the
conditions of Uzbekistan, improve educational programs in the higher education system based on the
educational standards of South Korea and introduce modern pedagogical technologies. Korea's
education policy is currently yielding high results, which is why education in South Korea has become
the most important productive force of society, rather than a costly industry.
REFERENCES
1.
Decree No. 5847 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of October 8, 2019 on approval of
the Concept of Development of the Higher Education System of the Republic of Uzbekistan until
2030.
2.
Kamolov, N.N. The history of education system and development in South Korea Science and
Education" Scientific Journal 2023, #4._ p.682-685.
3.
Анисимов Ю.В. История возникновения и развития дефиниsий «самоорганизаsия» и
«самообразование»: философский и историко
-
педагогический аспекты / Ю.В. Анисимов, Е.В.
Демкина // Вестник АГУ. –
2015. -
№ 3 (162). –
С. 23
-29.
4.
Education
System
of
South
Korea,South
Korean
Education
Profile.
(n.d.).
https://www.southkoreaeducation.info/education-system#google_vignette
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ISSN: 2751-1715
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5.
Statista. (2024, February 27). Number of higher education institutions South Korea 1980-2023, by
type. https://www.statista.com/statistics/648374/south-korea-higher-educational-institutions-
number/
